Pancreatic ribonuclease
Encyclopedia
Pancreatic ribonucleasea are pyrimidine
-specific endonucleases found in high quantity in the pancreas of certain mammals and of some reptiles.
Specifically, the enzymes are involved in endonucleolytic cleavage of 3'-phosphomononucleotides and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides ending in C-P or U-P with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates. Ribonuclease can unwind the DNA
helix by complexing with single-stranded DNA; the complex arises by an extended multi-site cation-anion interaction between lysine
and arginine
residues of the enzyme and phosphate groups of the nucleotides.
Other proteins belonging to the pancreatic RNAse family include: bovine seminal vesicle and brain ribonucleases; kidney non-secretory ribonucleases; liver-type ribonucleases; angiogenin, which induces vascularisation of normal and malignant tissues; eosinophil cationic protein, a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with ribonuclease activity; and frog liver ribonuclease and frog sialic acid-binding lectin. The sequence of pancreatic RNases contains four conserved disulfide bond
s and three amino acid residues involved in the catalytic activity.
Pyrimidine
Pyrimidine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound similar to benzene and pyridine, containing two nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 of the six-member ring...
-specific endonucleases found in high quantity in the pancreas of certain mammals and of some reptiles.
Specifically, the enzymes are involved in endonucleolytic cleavage of 3'-phosphomononucleotides and 3'-phosphooligonucleotides ending in C-P or U-P with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate intermediates. Ribonuclease can unwind the DNA
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms . The DNA segments that carry this genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural purposes, or are involved in...
helix by complexing with single-stranded DNA; the complex arises by an extended multi-site cation-anion interaction between lysine
Lysine
Lysine is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH4NH2. It is an essential amino acid, which means that the human body cannot synthesize it. Its codons are AAA and AAG....
and arginine
Arginine
Arginine is an α-amino acid. The L-form is one of the 20 most common natural amino acids. At the level of molecular genetics, in the structure of the messenger ribonucleic acid mRNA, CGU, CGC, CGA, CGG, AGA, and AGG, are the triplets of nucleotide bases or codons that codify for arginine during...
residues of the enzyme and phosphate groups of the nucleotides.
Other proteins belonging to the pancreatic RNAse family include: bovine seminal vesicle and brain ribonucleases; kidney non-secretory ribonucleases; liver-type ribonucleases; angiogenin, which induces vascularisation of normal and malignant tissues; eosinophil cationic protein, a cytotoxin and helminthotoxin with ribonuclease activity; and frog liver ribonuclease and frog sialic acid-binding lectin. The sequence of pancreatic RNases contains four conserved disulfide bond
Disulfide bond
In chemistry, a disulfide bond is a covalent bond, usually derived by the coupling of two thiol groups. The linkage is also called an SS-bond or disulfide bridge. The overall connectivity is therefore R-S-S-R. The terminology is widely used in biochemistry...
s and three amino acid residues involved in the catalytic activity.
Examples
Human genes encoding proteins containing this domain include:- ANGAngiogeninAngiogenin also known as ribonuclease 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANG gene. Angiogenin is a potent stimulator of new blood vessel formation...
, - RNASE1RNASE1Ribonuclease pancreatic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RNASE1 gene.-Further reading:...
, RNASE10, RNASE12, RNASE2, RNASE3, RNASE4, RNASE6, RNASE7, and RNASE8.