Pancreatic lipase family
Encyclopedia
Triglyceride lipases are a family
of lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyse ester linkages of triglycerides. Lipases are widely distributed in animals, plants and prokaryotes.
At least three tissue-specific isozyme
s exist in higher vertebrates, pancreatic, hepatic and gastric/lingual. These lipases are closely related to each other and to lipoprotein lipase , which hydrolyses triglycerides of chylomicrons and very low density lipoprotein
s (VLDL).
The most conserved region in all these proteins is centred around a serine residue which has been shown to participate, with an histidine and an aspartic acid residue, in a charge relay system. Such a region is also present in lipases of prokaryotic origin and in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which catalyzes fatty acid transfer between phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol.
; LIPG; LIPH
; LIPI; LPL
; PLA1A; PNLIP; PNLIPRP1;
PNLIPRP2; PNLIPRP3;
Protein family
A protein family is a group of evolutionarily-related proteins, and is often nearly synonymous with gene family. The term protein family should not be confused with family as it is used in taxonomy....
of lipolytic enzymes that hydrolyse ester linkages of triglycerides. Lipases are widely distributed in animals, plants and prokaryotes.
At least three tissue-specific isozyme
Isozyme
Isozymes are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. These enzymes usually display different kinetic parameters Isozymes (also known as isoenzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction. These enzymes...
s exist in higher vertebrates, pancreatic, hepatic and gastric/lingual. These lipases are closely related to each other and to lipoprotein lipase , which hydrolyses triglycerides of chylomicrons and very low density lipoprotein
Low density lipoprotein
Low-density lipoprotein is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins, which in order of size, largest to smallest, are chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL, that enable transport of cholesterol within the water-based bloodstream...
s (VLDL).
The most conserved region in all these proteins is centred around a serine residue which has been shown to participate, with an histidine and an aspartic acid residue, in a charge relay system. Such a region is also present in lipases of prokaryotic origin and in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which catalyzes fatty acid transfer between phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol.
Human proteins containing this domain
LIPCHepatic lipase
Hepatic lipase is a form of lipase. It is expressed in the liver and adrenal glands.One of the principal functions of hepatic lipase is to convert IDL to LDL.-Clinical significance:...
; LIPG; LIPH
LIPH
Lipase member H is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the LIPH gene.-Further reading:...
; LIPI; LPL
LPL
- Organizations :* Speech and language laboratory , a CNRS research center for speech and language research* LG.Philips LCD, the former name of the South Korean company LG Display...
; PLA1A; PNLIP; PNLIPRP1;
PNLIPRP2; PNLIPRP3;
Further reading
- Structure and activity of rat pancreatic lipase-related protein 2. Roussel A, Yang Y, Ferrato F, Verger R, Cambillau C, Lowe M; J Biol Chem 1998;273:32121-32128.