PPAP2A
Encyclopedia
Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 also known as phosphatidic acid phosphatase 2a is an enzyme
Enzyme
Enzymes are proteins that catalyze chemical reactions. In enzymatic reactions, the molecules at the beginning of the process, called substrates, are converted into different molecules, called products. Almost all chemical reactions in a biological cell need enzymes in order to occur at rates...

 that in humans is encoded by the PPAP2A gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

.

Function

Lipid phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 is a member of the phosphatidic acid phosphatase
Phosphatidate phosphatase
In enzymology, a phosphatidate phosphatase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3-sn-phosphatidate and H2O, whereas its two products are 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol and phosphate....

 (PAP) family. PAPs convert phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol
Diglyceride
A diglyceride, or a diacylglycerol , is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages....

, and function in de novo synthesis of glycerolipids as well as in receptor-activated signal transduction mediated by phospholipase D
Phospholipase D
Phospholipase D is an enzyme which is located in the plasma membrane and catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to form phosphatidic acid , releasing the soluble choline headgroup into the cytosol...

. This protein is an integral membrane glycoprotein, and has been shown to be a surface enzyme that plays an active role in the hydrolysis and uptake of lipids from extracellular space. The expression of this gene is found to be regulated by androgen in a prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line. At least two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.

Further reading

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