OpenCog
Encyclopedia
OpenCog is a project that aims to build an open source artificial general intelligence (AGI) framework. OpenCog Prime is a specific set of interacting components designed to give rise to human-equivalent artificial general intelligence. OpenCog Prime's design is primarily the work of Ben Goertzel
, but the OpenCog framework is intended as a generic framework for AGI research.
(AGIRI), the Google Summer of Code
project, and others.
(SIAI) sponsored OpenCog, resulting in a part time post-doc Joel Pitt and a full time system engineer. Many contributions from the open source community have been made since due to OpenCog's involvement in the Google Summer of Code
in 2008 and 2009. Currently the SIAI no longer supports OpenCog.
Ben Goertzel
Ben Goertzel , is an American author and researcher in the field of artificial intelligence. He currently leads Novamente LLC, a privately held software company that attempts to develop a form of strong AI, which he calls "Artificial General Intelligence"...
, but the OpenCog framework is intended as a generic framework for AGI research.
Origin
OpenCog was originally based on the release in 2008 of the source code of the proprietary "Novamente Cognition Engine" (NCE) of Novamente LLC. The original NCE code is discussed in the PLN book (ref below). Ongoing development of OpenCog is supported by Artificial General Intelligence Research InstituteArtificial General Intelligence Research Institute
Founded in 2001, the Artificial General Intelligence Research Institute's mission is to "foster the creation of powerful and ethically positive" Artificial General Intelligence. AGIRI hosts an online forum, publishes material on the development, application and implications for AGI, and hosts AGI...
(AGIRI), the Google Summer of Code
Google Summer of Code
The Google Summer of Code is an annual program, first held from May to August 2005, in which Google awards stipends to hundreds of students who successfully complete a requested free or open-source software coding project during the summer...
project, and others.
Components
OpenCog consists of:- An API to manipulate an extended hypergraphHypergraphIn mathematics, a hypergraph is a generalization of a graph, where an edge can connect any number of vertices. Formally, a hypergraph H is a pair H = where X is a set of elements, called nodes or vertices, and E is a set of non-empty subsets of X called hyperedges or links...
of terms and relationships, dubbed the "AtomSpace". - An implementation of a probabilistic reasoning engine based on probabilistic logic networkProbabilistic logic networkA probabilistic logic network is a novel conceptual, mathematical and computational approach to uncertain inference; inspired by logic programming, but using probabilities in place of crisp truth values, and fractional uncertainty in place of crisp known/unknown values...
s (PLN). - A probabilistic genetic program evolverGenetic programmingIn artificial intelligence, genetic programming is an evolutionary algorithm-based methodology inspired by biological evolution to find computer programs that perform a user-defined task. It is a specialization of genetic algorithms where each individual is a computer program...
called Meta-Optimizing Semantic Evolutionary Search, or MOSES, originally developed by Moshe Looks. - An attention allocation system based on economic theory.
- An embodiment system for interaction and learning within virtual worldVirtual worldA virtual world is an online community that takes the form of a computer-based simulated environment through which users can interact with one another and use and create objects. The term has become largely synonymous with interactive 3D virtual environments, where the users take the form of...
s. - A natural language input system consisting of Link GrammarLink grammarLink grammar is a theory of syntax by Davy Temperley and Daniel Sleator which builds relations between pairs of words, rather than constructing constituents in a tree-like hierarchy. There are two basic parameters: directionality and distance...
and RelEx, both of which employ AtomSpace-like representations for semantic and syntactic relations. - A natural language generation system called SegSim, with implementations NLGen and NLGen2.
Relation to Singularity Institute
In 2008, the Singularity InstituteSingularity Institute
The Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence is a non-profit organization founded in 2000 to develop safe artificial intelligence software, and to raise awareness of both the dangers and potential benefits it believes AI presents...
(SIAI) sponsored OpenCog, resulting in a part time post-doc Joel Pitt and a full time system engineer. Many contributions from the open source community have been made since due to OpenCog's involvement in the Google Summer of Code
Google Summer of Code
The Google Summer of Code is an annual program, first held from May to August 2005, in which Google awards stipends to hundreds of students who successfully complete a requested free or open-source software coding project during the summer...
in 2008 and 2009. Currently the SIAI no longer supports OpenCog.
Sources
Gbooks- Goertzel, B., Iklé, M., Goertzel, I.F., Heljakka, A. Probabilistic Logic Networks, A Comprehensive Framework for Uncertain Inference, Springer, 2009, VIII, 336 p., Hardcover ISBN: 978-0-387-76871-7