Northern Wars is a term used for a series of wars fought in northern and northeastern Europe in the 16th and 17th century. An internationally agreed nomenclature for these wars has not yet been devised. While the Great Northern War

Great Northern War

The Great Northern War was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in northern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter I the Great of Russia, Frederick IV of...

 is generally considered to be the last of the Northern Wars, there are different scholary opinions on which war constitutes the First Northern War.

Depending upon what date is chosen for the starting point, the Northern Wars comprise:

• The Russo-Swedish War (1554–1557) ("First Northern War" according to Arvo Viljanti
  Arvo Viljanti
  Arvo Kunto Viljanti was a Finnish historian.Viljanti had earned a PhD and from 1962 worked as a professor at the University of Åbo. He was specialized in Finnish military history of the 16th and 17th centuries.-External links:*...
  
  )
• The Livonian War
  Livonian War
  The Livonian War was fought for control of Old Livonia in the territory of present-day Estonia and Latvia when the Tsardom of Russia faced a varying coalition of Denmark–Norway, the Kingdom of Sweden, the Union of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Kingdom of Poland.During the period 1558–1578,...
  
   (1558–1583, "First Northern War" according to Klaus Zernack)
• The Northern Seven Years' War
  Northern Seven Years' War
  The Northern Seven Years' War was the war between Kingdom of Sweden and a coalition of Denmark–Norway, Lübeck and the Polish–Lithuanian union, fought between 1563 and 1570...
  
   (1562–1570, "First Northern War" according to some Polish historians)
• The Russo-Polish or Thirteen Years' War
  Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)
  The Russo-Polish War of 1654–1667, also called Thirteen Years' War, First Northern War, War for Ukraine was the last major conflict between Tsardom of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Between 1655 and 1660, the Second Northern War was also fought in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,...
  
   (1654–1667, "First Northern War" according to some Russian historians)
• The Second Northern War
  Second Northern War
  The Second Northern War was fought between Sweden and its adversaries the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth , Russia , Brandenburg-Prussia , the Habsburg Monarchy and Denmark–Norway...
  
   (1655–1660, "First Northern War" according to traditional Anglo-Saxon, German, Russian and Scandinavian historiography)
• The Scanian War
  Scanian War
  The Scanian War was a part of the Northern Wars involving the union of Denmark-Norway, Brandenburg and Sweden. It was fought mainly on Scanian soil, in the former Danish provinces along the border with Sweden and in Northern Germany...
  
   (1674–1679)
• The Great Northern War
  Great Northern War
  The Great Northern War was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in northern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedish alliance were Peter I the Great of Russia, Frederick IV of...
  
  (1700–1721, also "Third Northern War")