Nexhmije Hoxha
Encyclopedia
Nexhmije Hoxha is the widow of Albanian Socialist leader Enver Hoxha
.
, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
; present-day Debar
, Republic of Macedonia
. She studied at a high school in Tirana
. After the war
, she continued her studies at the State University of Tirana
. In November 1941 she joined the newly founded Albanian Communist Party
(ACP) and a year later was elected to the General Council of the Albanian National Liberation Movement. During the rest of World War II
she fought in the 1st Division of the National Liberation Army. In 1943 she was elected to the Secretariat of the (Communist) Albanian Women's League, and served as chairwoman from 1946 to 1952.
she married prime minister and Communist Party leader Enver Hoxha.
Hoxha was elected to the National Assembly in 1948. In 1952 she joined the Central Committee of the Albanian Party of Labour, as the Albanian Communist Party had been called since 1948. In 1966 she became director of the Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies. She was the last Director (Rector, Chancellor) of the V.I. Lenin Higher Party School
despite a lack of formal higher education.
After her husband died in 1985, Nexhmije Hoxha was elected Chairwoman of the Democratic Front
(an umbrella association) and defended her husband's heritage during the period of reforms (1990-1991). She was forced to resign as chairwoman of the Democratic Front in December 1990, and was replaced by Prime Minister Adil Çarçani
. She was arrested in 1994 for misuse of Albanian government funds during her husband's regime.
Enver Hoxha
Enver Halil Hoxha was a Marxist–Leninist revolutionary andthe leader of Albania from the end of World War II until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania...
.
Personal history
Hoxha was born in DebarDebar
Debar is a city in the western part of the Republic of Macedonia, near the border with Albania, on the road from Struga to Gostivar. It is the seat of Debar Municipality.-Geography:...
, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia was a state stretching from the Western Balkans to Central Europe which existed during the often-tumultuous interwar era of 1918–1941...
; present-day Debar
Debar
Debar is a city in the western part of the Republic of Macedonia, near the border with Albania, on the road from Struga to Gostivar. It is the seat of Debar Municipality.-Geography:...
, Republic of Macedonia
Republic of Macedonia
Macedonia , officially the Republic of Macedonia , is a country located in the central Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe. It is one of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, from which it declared independence in 1991...
. She studied at a high school in Tirana
Tirana
Tirana is the capital and the largest city of Albania. Modern Tirana was founded as an Ottoman town in 1614 by Sulejman Bargjini, a local ruler from Mullet, although the area has been continuously inhabited since antiquity. Tirana became Albania's capital city in 1920 and has a population of over...
. After the war
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
, she continued her studies at the State University of Tirana
University of Tirana
The University of Tirana is a public university located in Tirana, Albania.-History:UT was founded in 1957 as the State University of Tirana through the merging of five existing institutes of higher education, the most important of which was the Institute of Sciences, founded in 1947...
. In November 1941 she joined the newly founded Albanian Communist Party
Albanian Party of Labour
The Party of Labour of Albania was the sole legal political party in Albania during communist rule...
(ACP) and a year later was elected to the General Council of the Albanian National Liberation Movement. During the rest of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
she fought in the 1st Division of the National Liberation Army. In 1943 she was elected to the Secretariat of the (Communist) Albanian Women's League, and served as chairwoman from 1946 to 1952.
Relationship with Hoxha
After World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
she married prime minister and Communist Party leader Enver Hoxha.
Hoxha was elected to the National Assembly in 1948. In 1952 she joined the Central Committee of the Albanian Party of Labour, as the Albanian Communist Party had been called since 1948. In 1966 she became director of the Institute of Marxist-Leninist Studies. She was the last Director (Rector, Chancellor) of the V.I. Lenin Higher Party School
V.I. Lenin Higher Party School
Vladimir Ilich Lenin Higher Party School is a defunct university level education institution that existed in Albania during the period of Communist rule. The school was accessible to all who had finished high school education...
despite a lack of formal higher education.
After her husband died in 1985, Nexhmije Hoxha was elected Chairwoman of the Democratic Front
Democratic Front (Albania)
The Democratic Front was an Albanian political mass organization formed on August 5, 1945 to succeed the National Liberation Front as the leading political movement for recently liberated Albania under the leadership of Enver Hoxha. It was administered by the Party of Labour of Albania...
(an umbrella association) and defended her husband's heritage during the period of reforms (1990-1991). She was forced to resign as chairwoman of the Democratic Front in December 1990, and was replaced by Prime Minister Adil Çarçani
Adil Çarçani
Adil Çarçani was an Albanian politician in the Communist regime led by Enver Hoxha. He served as the titular head of the Albanian government in the years immediately preceding the fall of the Communist regime....
. She was arrested in 1994 for misuse of Albanian government funds during her husband's regime.