New World was an organized caucus

Caucus

A caucus is a meeting of supporters or members of a political party or movement, especially in the United States and Canada. As the use of the term has been expanded the exact definition has come to vary among political cultures.-Origin of the term:...

 in the French Socialist Party

Socialist Party (France)

The Socialist Party is a social-democratic political party in France and the largest party of the French centre-left. It is one of the two major contemporary political parties in France, along with the center-right Union for a Popular Movement...

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New World was founded in 2002 following the implosion of the Socialist Left

Socialist Left (France)

Socialist Left was an organized caucus in the French Socialist Party. The GS made up part of the left wing of the party.The GS was founded in 1988 to oppose the inclusion center-right politicians in the cabinet of president François Mitterrand...

. Socialist Left members, including Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon is a French politician who served in the government of France as Minister of Vocational Education from 2000 to 2002. He was also a member of the Senate of France, representing the Essonne department...

 were joined by followers of Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli is a French politician.A member of the Socialist Party , he has been deputy for Landes from 1978 to 1981, from 1986 to 1997 and since 2000.-Biography:...

 and his Democracy and Equality

Democracy and Equality

Democracy and Equality was an organized caucus in the French Socialist Party.The faction was founded in 2000 by Henri Emmanuelli and Alain Vidalies. At the Grenoble Congress, the faction obtained 13.78% of the vote....

 movement. The Militant Forces

Militant Forces

Militant Forces was an organized caucus in the French Socialist Party.The faction was founded in 2003 by Marc Dolez, whose motion obtained 4.38% at the Dijon Congress the same year. Dolez was close the New World caucus...

 faction led by Marc Dolez

Marc Dolez

Marc Dolez is a member of the National Assembly of France. He represents the Nord department, and is a member of the Gauche démocrate et républicaine. A former Socialist, he was a founding member, with PS Senator Jean-Luc Mélenchon, of the Left Party.-References:...

 never joined New World, but remained close to the faction throughout its existence.

At the 2003 Dijon Congress

Dijon Congress

The Dijon Congress was the twentieth national congress of the French Socialist Party . It took place from May 16 to 18, 2003....

, the New World motion obtained 16.33%.

However, by 2004 the faction split into a rivalry between Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli is a French politician.A member of the Socialist Party , he has been deputy for Landes from 1978 to 1981, from 1986 to 1997 and since 2000.-Biography:...

 and Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon is a French politician who served in the government of France as Minister of Vocational Education from 2000 to 2002. He was also a member of the Senate of France, representing the Essonne department...

, the latter accusing the former of campaigning against his own party. The faction re-united briefly to lead the NO campaign to the French European Constitution referendum, 2005 within the PS, but following the victory of the YES in the Socialist Party's internal referendum, the faction split for good between Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli is a French politician.A member of the Socialist Party , he has been deputy for Landes from 1978 to 1981, from 1986 to 1997 and since 2000.-Biography:...

, who led a NO campaign within the PS and Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon

Jean-Luc Mélenchon is a French politician who served in the government of France as Minister of Vocational Education from 2000 to 2002. He was also a member of the Senate of France, representing the Essonne department...

 who led a NO campaign with other parties of the left, such as the French Communist Party

French Communist Party

The French Communist Party is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism.Although its electoral support has declined in recent decades, the PCF retains a large membership, behind only that of the Union for a Popular Movement , and considerable influence in French...

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Mélenchon formed the Trait d'Union

Trait d'Union

Trait d'Union was an organized caucus in the French Socialist Party.Trait d'Union was founded in August 2005 by supporters of Jean-Luc Mélenchon within the New World caucus...

faction in 2005 and supported Laurent Fabius

Laurent Fabius

Laurent Fabius is a French Socialist politician. He served as Prime Minister from 17 July 1984 to 20 March 1986. He was 37 years old when he was appointed and is, so far, the youngest Prime Minister of the Fifth Republic.-Early life:...

' motion at the Le Mans Congress

Le Mans Congress

The Le Mans Congress was the twenty-first national congress of the French Socialist Party . It took place from November 18 to 20, 2005....

. Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli

Henri Emmanuelli is a French politician.A member of the Socialist Party , he has been deputy for Landes from 1978 to 1981, from 1986 to 1997 and since 2000.-Biography:...

 formed the Socialist Alternative before joining the NPS

New Socialist Party (France)

New Socialist Party is an organized caucus in the French Socialist Party. The NPS made up part of the left wing of the party.The NPS was founded in October 2002 by Arnaud Montebourg, Vincent Peillon, Julien Dray and Benoît Hamon.At the Dijon Congress in 2003, the NPS motion obtained 16.88%...

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