Neotrichocoleaceae
Encyclopedia
Neotrichocoleaceae is a family
of liverworts in order
Jungermanniales
. It is closely related to the genera Ptilidium
and Herzogianthus.
The diagram at left summarizes a portion of a 2006 cladistic analysis
of liverworts based upon three chloroplast genes, one nuclear gene, and one mitochondrial gene. The genus Trichocoleopsis was not included in the original broad analysis, but it is the sister taxon of Neotrichocolea according to a more narrowly focussed study utilizing six chloroplast genes, two nuclear genes, and a mitochondrial gene.
The genus Ptilidium
is sister to the Trichocoleopsis-Neotrichocolea clade. The genus Herzogianthus is also believed to be related to this group, although it was not included in either molecular analysis. This combined clade, in turn, attaches at the base of a large clade (2600 species) designated "Leafy II". That clade, together with "Leafy I" (another 1800 species) and Pleurozia
constitute the Jungermanniales
, as traditionally defined.
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
of liverworts in order
Order (biology)
In scientific classification used in biology, the order is# a taxonomic rank used in the classification of organisms. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, family, genus, and species, with order fitting in between class and family...
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem...
. It is closely related to the genera Ptilidium
Ptilidium
Ptilidium is a genus of liverwort, and is the only genus in family Ptilidiaceae. It includes only three species: Ptilidium californicum, Ptilidium ciliare, and Ptilidium pulcherrimum. The genus is distributed throughout the arctic and subarctic, with disjunct populations in New Zealand and Tierra...
and Herzogianthus.
Phylogeny
The diagram at left summarizes a portion of a 2006 cladistic analysis
Cladistics
Cladistics is a method of classifying species of organisms into groups called clades, which consist of an ancestor organism and all its descendants . For example, birds, dinosaurs, crocodiles, and all descendants of their most recent common ancestor form a clade...
of liverworts based upon three chloroplast genes, one nuclear gene, and one mitochondrial gene. The genus Trichocoleopsis was not included in the original broad analysis, but it is the sister taxon of Neotrichocolea according to a more narrowly focussed study utilizing six chloroplast genes, two nuclear genes, and a mitochondrial gene.
The genus Ptilidium
Ptilidium
Ptilidium is a genus of liverwort, and is the only genus in family Ptilidiaceae. It includes only three species: Ptilidium californicum, Ptilidium ciliare, and Ptilidium pulcherrimum. The genus is distributed throughout the arctic and subarctic, with disjunct populations in New Zealand and Tierra...
is sister to the Trichocoleopsis-Neotrichocolea clade. The genus Herzogianthus is also believed to be related to this group, although it was not included in either molecular analysis. This combined clade, in turn, attaches at the base of a large clade (2600 species) designated "Leafy II". That clade, together with "Leafy I" (another 1800 species) and Pleurozia
Pleurozia
Pleurozia is the only genus of liverworts in the family Pleuroziaceae, which is classified within the order Jungermanniales. The genus includes eleven species, and as a whole is both physically distinctive and widely distributed...
constitute the Jungermanniales
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniales is the largest order of liverworts. They are distinctive among the liverworts for having thin leaf-like flaps on either side of the stem...
, as traditionally defined.