Nanodisc
Encyclopedia
A nanodisc is a synthetic model membrane system which assists in the study of membrane proteins. Nanodiscs are useful for membrane biology
in the study of membrane proteins because they represent a more native environment than liposomes, detergent micelles or bicelles and allow the study of purified membrane proteins. Nanodiscs consist of a small portion of membrane that has been solubilized by the addition of two molecules of an amphipathic protein, dubbed the membrane scaffold protein (MSP). This protein wraps around the hydrophobic core of the lipids, effectively creating a soluble portion of membrane. When prepared properly, nanodiscs are uniform in size allow a native local environment to be maintained within a larger in vitro study.
Denisov, I.G., and Sligar, S.G., (2010) “Cytochromes P450 in Nanodiscs.” BBA - Proteins and Proteomics, doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.05.017
Ritchie, T.K., Grinkova, Y.V., Bayburt, T.H., Denisov, I.G., Zolnerciks, J.K., Atkins, W.M., and Sligar, S.G. (2009) “Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins in Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs.” Methods, Enzymol. 464, 211-231. PMID 19903557
Kijac, A., Shih, A., Nieuwkoop, A., Sligar, S. G., and Rienstra, C. (2009) “Lipid-Protein Correlations in Nanoscale Phospholipid Bilayers by Solid-State NMR.” Biochemistry, submitted.
Bayburt, T. H., and Sligar, S. G. (2010) “Membrane Protein Assembly into Nanodiscs.” FEBS Letters 584, 1721-1727. PMID 19836392
Morrissey, J. H., Pureza, V., Davis-Harrison, R. L., Sligar, S. G., Rienstra, C. M., Kijac, A. Z., Ohkubo, Y. Z., and Tajkhorshid, E. (2009) “Protein-Membrane Interactions: Blood Clotting on Nanoscale Bilayers.” J. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 7, 169-172. PMID 19630793
Shih, A.Y. Sligar, S. G., and Schulten, K. (2009) “Maturation of High-Density Lipoproteins.” J. Royal Society, Interface, 6, 863-871. PMID 19570799 PMCID: PMC2805102
Das, A., Zhao, J., Schatz, G. C., Sligar, S. G., and Van Duyne, R. P. (2009) “Screening of Type I and II Drug Binding to Human Cytochrome P450-3A4 in Nanodiscs by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy.” Anal. Chem. 81, 3754-3759. PMID 19364136
Shih, A.Y., Freddolino, P.L., Arkhipov, A., Sligar, S.G., and Schulten, K. (2008) “Molecular Modeling of the Structural Properties and Formation of High-Density Lipoprotein Particles.” Current Topics in Membranes 60, 313-342.
Goluch, E.D., Shaw, A. W., Sligar, S.G,, and Liu, C. (2008) “Microfluidic Patterning of Nanodisc Lipid Bilayers and Multiplexed Analysis of Protein Interaction.” Lab Chip 8, 1723-1728. PMID 18813396
Zhao, J., Das, A., Schatz, G.C., Sligar, S.G., and VanDuyne, R. P. (2008) “Resonance Localized Surface Plasmon Spectroscoy: Sensing Substrate and Inhibitor Binding to Cytochrome P450.” J. Phys. Chem,112, 13084-13088. PMID 16925400
Borch, J., Torta, F., Sligar, S. G., and Roepstorff, P. (2008) “Nanodiscs for Immobilization of Lipid Bilayers and Membrane Receptors: Kinetic Analysis of Cholera Toxin Binding to a Glycolipid Receptor.” Analytical Chemistry, 80, 6245-6252. PMID 18616345
Morrissey, J. H., Pureza, V., Davis-Harrison, R. L., Sligar, S. G., Ohkubo, Y. Z. and Tajkhorshid, E. (2008) “Blood Clotting Reactions on Nanoscale Phospholipid Bilayers” Thrombosis Research, 122 (Supplement 1), S23-S26.
Marin, V. L., Bayburt, T. H., Sligar, S. G., and Mrksich, M. (2007) “Functional Assays of Membrane-Bound Proteins with SAMDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” Angew. Chem, Int. Ed 46, 8796-8798. PMID 17943935
Kijac, A.Z., Li, Y., Sligar, S.G., and Rienstra, C.M. (2007) “Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of Nanodisc-Embedded Human CYP3A4.” Biochemistry 46, 13696-13703. PMID 17985934
Shih, A.Y., Arkhipov, A., Freddolino, P.L., Sligar, S.G. and Schulten, K. (2007) “Assembly of Lipids and Proteins into Lipoprotein Particles.” J Phys Chem B, 111, 11095-11104. PMID 17696388
Shih, A. Y., Freddolino, P. L., Sligar, S. G. and Schulten, K. (2007) “Disassembly of Nanodiscs with Cholate.” NanoLetters, 7, 1692-1696. PMID 17503871
Bayburt, T.H., Leitz, A.J., Xie, G., Oprian, D.D., and Sligar, S.G. (2007) “Transducin Activation by Nanoscale Lipid Bilayers Containing One and Two Rhodopsins.” J. Biol. Chem., 282, 14875-14881. PMID 17395586
Nath, A., Atkins, W. M., and Sligar, S. G. (2007) “Applications of Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs in the Study of Membranes and Membrane Proteins.” Biochemistry 46, 2059-2069. PMID 17263563
Membrane biology
Membrane biology is the study of the biological and physiochemical characteristics of membranes....
in the study of membrane proteins because they represent a more native environment than liposomes, detergent micelles or bicelles and allow the study of purified membrane proteins. Nanodiscs consist of a small portion of membrane that has been solubilized by the addition of two molecules of an amphipathic protein, dubbed the membrane scaffold protein (MSP). This protein wraps around the hydrophobic core of the lipids, effectively creating a soluble portion of membrane. When prepared properly, nanodiscs are uniform in size allow a native local environment to be maintained within a larger in vitro study.
Further reading
Some recent publications and reviewsDenisov, I.G., and Sligar, S.G., (2010) “Cytochromes P450 in Nanodiscs.” BBA - Proteins and Proteomics, doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.05.017
Ritchie, T.K., Grinkova, Y.V., Bayburt, T.H., Denisov, I.G., Zolnerciks, J.K., Atkins, W.M., and Sligar, S.G. (2009) “Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins in Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs.” Methods, Enzymol. 464, 211-231. PMID 19903557
Kijac, A., Shih, A., Nieuwkoop, A., Sligar, S. G., and Rienstra, C. (2009) “Lipid-Protein Correlations in Nanoscale Phospholipid Bilayers by Solid-State NMR.” Biochemistry, submitted.
Bayburt, T. H., and Sligar, S. G. (2010) “Membrane Protein Assembly into Nanodiscs.” FEBS Letters 584, 1721-1727. PMID 19836392
Morrissey, J. H., Pureza, V., Davis-Harrison, R. L., Sligar, S. G., Rienstra, C. M., Kijac, A. Z., Ohkubo, Y. Z., and Tajkhorshid, E. (2009) “Protein-Membrane Interactions: Blood Clotting on Nanoscale Bilayers.” J. Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 7, 169-172. PMID 19630793
Shih, A.Y. Sligar, S. G., and Schulten, K. (2009) “Maturation of High-Density Lipoproteins.” J. Royal Society, Interface, 6, 863-871. PMID 19570799 PMCID: PMC2805102
Das, A., Zhao, J., Schatz, G. C., Sligar, S. G., and Van Duyne, R. P. (2009) “Screening of Type I and II Drug Binding to Human Cytochrome P450-3A4 in Nanodiscs by Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy.” Anal. Chem. 81, 3754-3759. PMID 19364136
Shih, A.Y., Freddolino, P.L., Arkhipov, A., Sligar, S.G., and Schulten, K. (2008) “Molecular Modeling of the Structural Properties and Formation of High-Density Lipoprotein Particles.” Current Topics in Membranes 60, 313-342.
Goluch, E.D., Shaw, A. W., Sligar, S.G,, and Liu, C. (2008) “Microfluidic Patterning of Nanodisc Lipid Bilayers and Multiplexed Analysis of Protein Interaction.” Lab Chip 8, 1723-1728. PMID 18813396
Zhao, J., Das, A., Schatz, G.C., Sligar, S.G., and VanDuyne, R. P. (2008) “Resonance Localized Surface Plasmon Spectroscoy: Sensing Substrate and Inhibitor Binding to Cytochrome P450.” J. Phys. Chem,112, 13084-13088. PMID 16925400
Borch, J., Torta, F., Sligar, S. G., and Roepstorff, P. (2008) “Nanodiscs for Immobilization of Lipid Bilayers and Membrane Receptors: Kinetic Analysis of Cholera Toxin Binding to a Glycolipid Receptor.” Analytical Chemistry, 80, 6245-6252. PMID 18616345
Morrissey, J. H., Pureza, V., Davis-Harrison, R. L., Sligar, S. G., Ohkubo, Y. Z. and Tajkhorshid, E. (2008) “Blood Clotting Reactions on Nanoscale Phospholipid Bilayers” Thrombosis Research, 122 (Supplement 1), S23-S26.
Marin, V. L., Bayburt, T. H., Sligar, S. G., and Mrksich, M. (2007) “Functional Assays of Membrane-Bound Proteins with SAMDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry.” Angew. Chem, Int. Ed 46, 8796-8798. PMID 17943935
Kijac, A.Z., Li, Y., Sligar, S.G., and Rienstra, C.M. (2007) “Magic-Angle Spinning Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of Nanodisc-Embedded Human CYP3A4.” Biochemistry 46, 13696-13703. PMID 17985934
Shih, A.Y., Arkhipov, A., Freddolino, P.L., Sligar, S.G. and Schulten, K. (2007) “Assembly of Lipids and Proteins into Lipoprotein Particles.” J Phys Chem B, 111, 11095-11104. PMID 17696388
Shih, A. Y., Freddolino, P. L., Sligar, S. G. and Schulten, K. (2007) “Disassembly of Nanodiscs with Cholate.” NanoLetters, 7, 1692-1696. PMID 17503871
Bayburt, T.H., Leitz, A.J., Xie, G., Oprian, D.D., and Sligar, S.G. (2007) “Transducin Activation by Nanoscale Lipid Bilayers Containing One and Two Rhodopsins.” J. Biol. Chem., 282, 14875-14881. PMID 17395586
Nath, A., Atkins, W. M., and Sligar, S. G. (2007) “Applications of Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs in the Study of Membranes and Membrane Proteins.” Biochemistry 46, 2059-2069. PMID 17263563
- Self-Assembly of Discoidal Phospholipid Bilayer Nanoparticles with Membrane Scaffold Proteins (ACS 10.1021/nl025623k) TH Bayburt, YV Grinkova & SG Sligar, 2002.
External links
- Nandisc Technology from the Stephen Sligar laboratory
- HDL and Nanodiscs an overview of nanodisc technology at UIUC
- Phospholipid Bilayer Nanodiscs A summary from the Atkins lab at the University of Washington
- Purchase the MSP The plasmid for the MSP is available from AddGene