Naniwa Kawashima
Encyclopedia
Naniwa Kawashima (1865-1949), a member of the Japanese spy network in Manchuria
Manchuria
Manchuria is a historical name given to a large geographic region in northeast Asia. Depending on the definition of its extent, Manchuria usually falls entirely within the People's Republic of China, or is sometimes divided between China and Russia. The region is commonly referred to as Northeast...

 and close friend of to Shanqi, the 10th of hereditary Prince Su (肅親王) of the Manchu imperial family, who had inherited the allegiance of the tribes of Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China, located in the northern region of the country. Inner Mongolia shares an international border with the countries of Mongolia and the Russian Federation...

. Prince Su was a close friend of Japan's Empress's uncle, Prince Kanin.

After Su's death his daughter Dongzhen (東珍, literally meaning East Jewel), was adopted at the age of eight, by Kawashima who brought her up as his own daughter and re-educated her as a Japanese, adopting the name Yoshiko Kawashima. She later accused him of raping her at the age of 17, and went on to become a spy in China for Japan.

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