Musso war
Encyclopedia
The Musso war was an armed conflict between the federation of the Three Leagues (Drei Bünde) in the Grisons, an associate state of the Old Swiss Confederacy
, and the Duchy of Milan
early in the 16th century.
The Milanese reeve
of Como
, Gian Giacomo Medici, who resided on castle Musso, had been raiding the valley of Chiavenna since 1521, and in 1526 he even occupied the Valtellina
, both subject territories of the Three Leagues. The Three Leagues managed to drive the Milanese forces back. In 1531, when another Milanese attack on the Valtellina occurred, the Three Leagues called the Old Swiss Confederacy
for help, calling in duties of a defence alliance concluded earlier. The confederacy was at that time already entrapped in religious conflicts following the Reformation
, and only the Protestant
cantons supported the Three Leagues. In a peace treaty concluded the next year, Chiavenna and the Valtellina were granted to the Three Leagues; only three communes at the north end of Lake Como
, the tre pievi, came under the supervision of Milan.
The refusal of the Catholic cantons to support the Three Leagues in these skirmishes was taken by the Swiss canton of Zürich
as the reason to start the second war of Kappel
. The Catholic cantons would emerge victorious from that war and even gain the majority in the confederacy's federal assembly, the Tagsatzung
, with far-reaching consequences for the confederacy.
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy was the precursor of modern-day Switzerland....
, and the Duchy of Milan
Duchy of Milan
The Duchy of Milan , was created on the 1st of may 1395, when Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Lord of Milan, purchased a diploma for 100,000 Florins from King Wenceslaus. It was this diploma that installed, Gian Galeazzo as Duke of Milan and Count of Pavia...
early in the 16th century.
The Milanese reeve
Vogt
A Vogt ; plural Vögte; Dutch voogd; Danish foged; ; ultimately from Latin [ad]vocatus) in the Holy Roman Empire was the German title of a reeve or advocate, an overlord exerting guardianship or military protection as well as secular justice...
of Como
Como
Como is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy.It is the administrative capital of the Province of Como....
, Gian Giacomo Medici, who resided on castle Musso, had been raiding the valley of Chiavenna since 1521, and in 1526 he even occupied the Valtellina
Valtellina
Valtellina or the Valtelline valley ; is a valley in the Lombardy region of northern Italy, bordering Switzerland. Today it is known for its skiing, its hot spring spas, its cheeses and its wines...
, both subject territories of the Three Leagues. The Three Leagues managed to drive the Milanese forces back. In 1531, when another Milanese attack on the Valtellina occurred, the Three Leagues called the Old Swiss Confederacy
Old Swiss Confederacy
The Old Swiss Confederacy was the precursor of modern-day Switzerland....
for help, calling in duties of a defence alliance concluded earlier. The confederacy was at that time already entrapped in religious conflicts following the Reformation
Reformation in Switzerland
The Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate and population of Zürich in the 1520s. It led to significant changes in civil life and state matters in Zürich and spread to several other cantons of the Old Swiss...
, and only the Protestant
Protestantism
Protestantism is one of the three major groupings within Christianity. It is a movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation, justification, and ecclesiology.The doctrines of the...
cantons supported the Three Leagues. In a peace treaty concluded the next year, Chiavenna and the Valtellina were granted to the Three Leagues; only three communes at the north end of Lake Como
Lake Como
Lake Como is a lake of glacial origin in Lombardy, Italy. It has an area of 146 km², making it the third largest lake in Italy, after Lake Garda and Lake Maggiore...
, the tre pievi, came under the supervision of Milan.
The refusal of the Catholic cantons to support the Three Leagues in these skirmishes was taken by the Swiss canton of Zürich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
as the reason to start the second war of Kappel
Second war of Kappel
The second war of Kappel was an armed conflict in 1531 between the Protestant and the Catholic cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy during the Reformation in Switzerland.-Cause:...
. The Catholic cantons would emerge victorious from that war and even gain the majority in the confederacy's federal assembly, the Tagsatzung
Tagsatzung
The Swiss Tagsatzung was the legislative and executive council of the Swiss confederacy from the beginnings until the formation of the Swiss federal state in 1848. It was a meeting of delegates of the individual cantons...
, with far-reaching consequences for the confederacy.
See also
- History of the Grisons
- Reformation in SwitzerlandReformation in SwitzerlandThe Protestant Reformation in Switzerland was promoted initially by Huldrych Zwingli, who gained the support of the magistrate and population of Zürich in the 1520s. It led to significant changes in civil life and state matters in Zürich and spread to several other cantons of the Old Swiss...
- Wars of KappelWars of KappelThe wars of Kappel were two armed conflicts fought near Kappel am Albis between the Protestant and the Roman Catholic cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy during the reformation in Switzerland.*First war of Kappel...