Monja Jaona
Encyclopedia
Monja Jaona was a Malagasy
politician and early nationalist. Jaona founded the Madagascar for the Malagasy
party and agitated for the downfall of the Tsiranana
regime in 1972. He was also the mayor of Tulear. His son Monja Roindefo
is former Prime Minister of Madagascar
.
, Malagasy politician and early nationalist, was born in September at Amboasary
. [much of the below information is from ]
1929 - At the age of 19, moved north to work on one of the large plantations there. Met Pastor Jean Vernier and became a Christian.
- Moved back south to Manambaro
, where he worked for the Lutheran mission
1935 - Began his political career, fighting for the rights of peasants
1939 - Joined French Forces and while sent to France, did not arrive there, but was rather sent back to Madagascar after the Franco-German Armistice of 1940 and demobilized several months later
- Placed under house arrest first at Lake Alaotra
then Manakara
where, he founded the JINA in 1943.
1945 - Campaigned for Dr. Ravoahangy
1946 - Established contacts with the Mouvement Democratique de la Renovation Malgache (MDRM) [see Malagasy Uprising#The MDRM uprising]
1946 - Imprisoned in September by French Colonial government due to the "Decree Cayla"
1950 - Released from prison, though still harassed by colonial administration
1955 - Settled in Tulear
1958 - Formed the Madagasikara Otronin'ny Malagasy MO.NI.MA.--Madagascar for the Malagasy--party in Tulear which he led till his death. This became a significant regional party which represented radical intellectuals and peasants from the south.
1959 - Became Mayor of Tulear, a post he held till 1961
1960 - Madagascar became independent
1971 - Claimed authorship of April 1-2 armed insurrection by impoverished peasants in Androy who were upset by corruption of government tax collectors at a time when their cattle herds were being ravaged by diseases. There were also frustrations due to the failure of the government to provide disaster relief in response to a serious drought which was followed by floods. More than 1,000 armed members of the MO.NI.MA. attacked 5 military posts in the Tulear province, resulting in 1 of the security forces killed and 11 wounded. This was quickly and harshly suppressed by the government, with 45 of the MO.NI.MA. killed, 9 wounded and 847 held for questioning. Many MO.NI.MA. members were sent by cargo ship from Fort Dauphin to Nosy Lava where they were imprisoned.
1972 - Monja Jaona and the MO.NI.MA. party, which had become a left-wing opposition movement, gained the support of Tananarive's university students and urban radicals who, though MO.NI.MA. was banned by the government, led demonstrations against President Tsiranana until his fall May 1972.
1977 - MO.NI.MA. left the Front National pour la Defense de la Révolution (FNDR), rejoining it in 1981, leaving it again in 1987
1982 - Monja Jaona ran against President Ratsiraka
, lost, denounced results as fraudulent and put under house arrest until 1983
1989 - Ran for Presidential Election again, but only received 4% of the vote
1992 - Wounded in March by police during a confrontation at Fiadanana
1994 - Died September 3 at the age of 84
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
politician and early nationalist. Jaona founded the Madagascar for the Malagasy
Madagascar for the Malagasy
Madagascar for the Malagasy, political party in Madagascar, usually known as Madagasikara otronin'ny Malagasy , and in French sometimes Mouvement nationaliste et indépendant de Madagascar....
party and agitated for the downfall of the Tsiranana
Philibert Tsiranana
Philibert Tsiranana was a Malagasy politician and leader, who served as the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972....
regime in 1972. He was also the mayor of Tulear. His son Monja Roindefo
Monja Roindefo
Monja Roindefo Zafitsimivalo is a Malagasy politician who was Prime Minister of Madagascar from March 2009 to October 2009. He was appointed on 7 February 2009 by opposition leader Andry Rajoelina at the head of Rajoelina's rival government; later, on 17 March, Rajoelina was installed in power by...
is former Prime Minister of Madagascar
Prime Minister of Madagascar
This page contains a list of the Prime Ministers of Madagascar.-Prime Ministers of Madagascar :-Affiliations:*PSD - Social Democratic Party of Madagascar and the Comoros...
.
Timeline
1910 - Monja JaonaMonja Jaona
Monja Jaona was a Malagasy politician and early nationalist. Jaona founded the Madagascar for the Malagasy party and agitated for the downfall of the Tsiranana regime in 1972. He was also the mayor of Tulear...
, Malagasy politician and early nationalist, was born in September at Amboasary
Amboasary
Amboasary is a town in Anosy Region, Madagascar....
. [much of the below information is from ]
1929 - At the age of 19, moved north to work on one of the large plantations there. Met Pastor Jean Vernier and became a Christian.
- Moved back south to Manambaro
Manambaro
Manambaro is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Taolanaro, which is a part of Anosy Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 26,000 in 2001 commune census....
, where he worked for the Lutheran mission
1935 - Began his political career, fighting for the rights of peasants
1939 - Joined French Forces and while sent to France, did not arrive there, but was rather sent back to Madagascar after the Franco-German Armistice of 1940 and demobilized several months later
- Placed under house arrest first at Lake Alaotra
Lake Alaotra
Lake Alaotra is the largest lake in Madagascar, located in Toamasina Province, in the northern central plateau. Its basin is composed of shallow freshwater lakes and marshes surrounded by areas of dense vegetation. It forms the center of the island's most important rice-growing region...
then Manakara
Manakara
Manakara is a city in Madagascar.It is the capital of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region.The city is located at the east coast and has a small port. It is the endpoint of the Fianarantsoa-Côte Est railway , which connects the city of Fianarantsoa with the sea. For those interested in traveling to Manakara...
where, he founded the JINA in 1943.
1945 - Campaigned for Dr. Ravoahangy
1946 - Established contacts with the Mouvement Democratique de la Renovation Malgache (MDRM) [see Malagasy Uprising#The MDRM uprising]
1946 - Imprisoned in September by French Colonial government due to the "Decree Cayla"
1950 - Released from prison, though still harassed by colonial administration
1955 - Settled in Tulear
1958 - Formed the Madagasikara Otronin'ny Malagasy MO.NI.MA.--Madagascar for the Malagasy--party in Tulear which he led till his death. This became a significant regional party which represented radical intellectuals and peasants from the south.
1959 - Became Mayor of Tulear, a post he held till 1961
1960 - Madagascar became independent
1971 - Claimed authorship of April 1-2 armed insurrection by impoverished peasants in Androy who were upset by corruption of government tax collectors at a time when their cattle herds were being ravaged by diseases. There were also frustrations due to the failure of the government to provide disaster relief in response to a serious drought which was followed by floods. More than 1,000 armed members of the MO.NI.MA. attacked 5 military posts in the Tulear province, resulting in 1 of the security forces killed and 11 wounded. This was quickly and harshly suppressed by the government, with 45 of the MO.NI.MA. killed, 9 wounded and 847 held for questioning. Many MO.NI.MA. members were sent by cargo ship from Fort Dauphin to Nosy Lava where they were imprisoned.
1972 - Monja Jaona and the MO.NI.MA. party, which had become a left-wing opposition movement, gained the support of Tananarive's university students and urban radicals who, though MO.NI.MA. was banned by the government, led demonstrations against President Tsiranana until his fall May 1972.
1977 - MO.NI.MA. left the Front National pour la Defense de la Révolution (FNDR), rejoining it in 1981, leaving it again in 1987
1982 - Monja Jaona ran against President Ratsiraka
Ratsiraka
Ratsiraka is a Malagasy surname. You may be looking for:* Didier Ratsiraka, President of Madagascar 1975-1993 and 1997-2002* Roland Ratsiraka, a Malagasy politician who is nephew of the aforementioned...
, lost, denounced results as fraudulent and put under house arrest until 1983
1989 - Ran for Presidential Election again, but only received 4% of the vote
1992 - Wounded in March by police during a confrontation at Fiadanana
1994 - Died September 3 at the age of 84