Mixed transcortical aphasia
Encyclopedia
Mixed transcortical aphasia is the least common of the three transcortical aphasia
s (behind transcortical motor aphasia
and transcortical sensory aphasia
, respectively). Mixed transcortical aphasia is characterized by severe speaking and comprehension impairment, but with preserved repetition. People who suffer mixed transcortical aphasia struggle greatly to produce propositional language or to understand what is being said to them, yet they can repeat long, complex utterances or finish a song once they hear the first part.
In this rare type of aphasia, Broca's area
, Wernicke's area
, and the arcuate fasciculus
are intact but the watershed region around them is damaged. This damage isolates these areas from the rest of the brain. The most frequent etiology
of mixed transcortical aphasia is stenosis (narrowing) of the internal carotid artery
.
Aphasia
Aphasia is an impairment of language ability. This class of language disorder ranges from having difficulty remembering words to being completely unable to speak, read, or write....
s (behind transcortical motor aphasia
Transcortical motor aphasia
Transcortical Motor Aphasia , also known as adynamic aphasia and extrasylvian motor aphasia, results from an injury to the anterior superior frontal lobe. The injury is typically caused by a cerebrovascular accident , commonly referred to as a stroke. The area of insult is sometimes referred to as...
and transcortical sensory aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia
Transcortical sensory aphasia is caused by lesions in the inferior left temporal lobe of the brain located near Wernicke's area, and is usually due to minor hemorrhage or contusion in the temporal lobe, or infarcts of the left posterior cerebral artery...
, respectively). Mixed transcortical aphasia is characterized by severe speaking and comprehension impairment, but with preserved repetition. People who suffer mixed transcortical aphasia struggle greatly to produce propositional language or to understand what is being said to them, yet they can repeat long, complex utterances or finish a song once they hear the first part.
In this rare type of aphasia, Broca's area
Broca's area
Broca's area is a region of the hominid brain with functions linked to speech production.The production of language has been linked to the Broca’s area since Pierre Paul Broca reported impairments in two patients. They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal...
, Wernicke's area
Wernicke's area
Wernicke's area is one of the two parts of the cerebral cortex linked since the late nineteenth century to speech . It is involved in the understanding of written and spoken language...
, and the arcuate fasciculus
Arcuate fasciculus
The arcuate fasciculus is the neural pathway connecting the posterior part of the temporoparietal junction with the frontal cortex in the brain and is now considered as part of the superior longitudinal fasciculus..-Neuroanatomy:...
are intact but the watershed region around them is damaged. This damage isolates these areas from the rest of the brain. The most frequent etiology
Etiology
Etiology is the study of causation, or origination. The word is derived from the Greek , aitiologia, "giving a reason for" ....
of mixed transcortical aphasia is stenosis (narrowing) of the internal carotid artery
Internal carotid artery
In human anatomy, the internal carotid arteries are two major arteries, one on each side of the head and neck. They arise from the common carotid arteries where these bifurcate into the internal and external carotid artery, and they supply the brain....
.
External links
- Aphasia Center of California in Oakland, CA, U.S.