Mirošov
Encyclopedia
Mirošov is a town in Western Bohemia
, the Czech Republic
(Plzeň Region
, Rokycany District
), 7 km southeast of Rokycany, 457 m. above sea level. Mirošov is located on the Skořický potok Stream that is joined by Příkosický potok Stream in the town's territory. In the east large forested complex of Brdy
hills begins, its highest elevations being Tok (864 m. above sea-level) and Praha (862 m. above sea-level). Brdy hills reach to the proximity of Mirošov with elevation of Záborčí (569 m. above sea-level). 2 km southeast from Mirošov lies a settlement of Myť. This small village is under administration of Mirošov.
Monastery
in Plzeň. Village was for centuries dominated by various feudal families. In 19th century however the face of Mirošov and its environs profoundly changed with discovery of rich coal deposits. In 1833 mining started in modest dimensions but the real impetus to industrial coal mining was given by 1857 when two individuals found mighty coal bed. Rapid development of coal mining industry followed. Several coal pits sprang up in and around Mirošov making this region one of the foremost coal producing localities in Bohemia. In 1871 growing Mirošov was proclaimed a small town ("městýs"). As early as 1869 Mirošov had railway link to Rokycany which gave local coal access to markets in Central Europe. The railway served for cargo transport only creating an intricate network of sidings into local coal pits. Since 1879 public transport started on the Mirošov-Rokycany railway too. In 1882 another stretch of this railway opened, connecting Mirošov with Nezvěstice
on the main Plzeň-České Budějovice
railway artery. At the height of industrial prosperity Mirošov hosted 1,600 miners however with increased exploitation coal reserves were relatively soon depleted and by 1904 mining stopped in Mirošov. Town's population dropped and local economy reverted to its semi-rural shape. Some small-scale mining continued until 1947.http://www.mirosov.cz/
Mirošov was the site of an internment camp for ethnic Germans. The (now deceased) commander of the camp, Frantisek Foukal, has been accused of killing 220 of the inmates through maltreatment and direct killings, of which there is photographic evidence for the latter.
at the end of 19th century the population dropped and has stagnated thereafter.
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
, the Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
(Plzeň Region
Plzen Region
Plzeň Region is an administrative unit in the western part of Bohemia in the Czech Republic. It is named after its capital Plzeň .- Communes :...
, Rokycany District
Rokycany District
Rokycany District is a district within Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is Rokycany.- Complete list of municipalities :Bezděkov -Břasy -Březina -Bujesily -Bušovice -Cekov -Cheznovice -Chlum -Chomle -Čilá -Dobřív -...
), 7 km southeast of Rokycany, 457 m. above sea level. Mirošov is located on the Skořický potok Stream that is joined by Příkosický potok Stream in the town's territory. In the east large forested complex of Brdy
Brdy
Brdy are hills in the Czech Republic, forming a long massif stretching for cca.60 km from Prague in the direction of southwest. The northern section of the Brdy is called "Hřebeny" and features one narrow ridge . The Brdy proper starts south of the Litavka river gorge and consists of several...
hills begins, its highest elevations being Tok (864 m. above sea-level) and Praha (862 m. above sea-level). Brdy hills reach to the proximity of Mirošov with elevation of Záborčí (569 m. above sea-level). 2 km southeast from Mirošov lies a settlement of Myť. This small village is under administration of Mirošov.
History
Mirošov was mentioned in 1366, when Dobrohost z Ronšperka donated his estates in Mirošov to the Dominican OrderDominican Order
The Order of Preachers , after the 15th century more commonly known as the Dominican Order or Dominicans, is a Catholic religious order founded by Saint Dominic and approved by Pope Honorius III on 22 December 1216 in France...
Monastery
Monastery
Monastery denotes the building, or complex of buildings, that houses a room reserved for prayer as well as the domestic quarters and workplace of monastics, whether monks or nuns, and whether living in community or alone .Monasteries may vary greatly in size – a small dwelling accommodating only...
in Plzeň. Village was for centuries dominated by various feudal families. In 19th century however the face of Mirošov and its environs profoundly changed with discovery of rich coal deposits. In 1833 mining started in modest dimensions but the real impetus to industrial coal mining was given by 1857 when two individuals found mighty coal bed. Rapid development of coal mining industry followed. Several coal pits sprang up in and around Mirošov making this region one of the foremost coal producing localities in Bohemia. In 1871 growing Mirošov was proclaimed a small town ("městýs"). As early as 1869 Mirošov had railway link to Rokycany which gave local coal access to markets in Central Europe. The railway served for cargo transport only creating an intricate network of sidings into local coal pits. Since 1879 public transport started on the Mirošov-Rokycany railway too. In 1882 another stretch of this railway opened, connecting Mirošov with Nezvěstice
Nezvěstice
Nezvěstice is a village and municipality in Plzeň-City District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic.The municipality covers an area of , and has a population of 1,379 ....
on the main Plzeň-České Budějovice
Ceské Budejovice
České Budějovice is a city in the Czech Republic. It is the largest city in the South Bohemian Region and is the political and commercial capital of the region and centre of the Roman Catholic Diocese of České Budějovice and of the University of South Bohemia and the Academy of Sciences...
railway artery. At the height of industrial prosperity Mirošov hosted 1,600 miners however with increased exploitation coal reserves were relatively soon depleted and by 1904 mining stopped in Mirošov. Town's population dropped and local economy reverted to its semi-rural shape. Some small-scale mining continued until 1947.http://www.mirosov.cz/
Internment Camp
After World War IIWorld War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Mirošov was the site of an internment camp for ethnic Germans. The (now deceased) commander of the camp, Frantisek Foukal, has been accused of killing 220 of the inmates through maltreatment and direct killings, of which there is photographic evidence for the latter.
Demography
As to ethnicity, Mirošov, has traditionally been a Czech settlement. After cessation of coal miningCoal mining
The goal of coal mining is to obtain coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United States,...
at the end of 19th century the population dropped and has stagnated thereafter.
| Year | 1890 | 1961 | 1970 | 1980 | 1991 | 2003 | 2007 |
| Population | 2,322 | 1,875 | 2,186 | 2,218 | 2,045 | 2,231 | 2,194 |
Famous People from Mirošov
- Ladislav Feierabend (b. June 14 1891 in Kostelec nad OrlicíKostelec nad OrlicíKostelec nad Orlicí is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic located about 7 km southwest of Rychnov nad Kněžnou and 29 km east-southeast of Hradec Králové. It has 6,220 inhabitants .-External links:*...
, d. Aug.15 1969 in AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
), Czech agrarian politician, owned chateau of Mirošov in 1939-48 and lived here for some time - Karel KašparKarel KašparKarel Boromejský Kašpar was a Czech Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Prague from 1931 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1935.-Biography:...
, (b. May 16 1870 in Mirošov, d. Apr.21 1941 in Prague), catholic ArchbishopArchbishopAn archbishop is a bishop of higher rank, but not of higher sacramental order above that of the three orders of deacon, priest , and bishop...
of Prague