Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery
Encyclopedia
Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass (MIDCAB) is a surgical treatment for coronary heart disease
that is a less invasive method of coronary artery bypass surgery
(CABG). MIDCAB gains surgical access to the heart with a smaller incision than other types of CABG. MIDCAB is sometimes referred to as "keyhole" heart surgery
because the operation is analogous to operating through a keyhole
.
MIDCAB is a form of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB), performed "off-pump" - without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (the heart-lung machine). MIDCAB differs from OPCAB in the type of incision used for the surgery; with traditional CABG and OPCAB a median sternotomy
(dividing the breastbone) provides access to the heart; with MIDCAB, the surgeon enters the chest cavity through a mini-thoracotomy (a 2-to-3 inch incision between the ribs).
MIDCAB surgery is no more reserved for anteriorly placed single- or double-vessel diseases, because recently such lesions are usually managed with angioplasty. Hence this surgery has recently been used in multivessel diseases.
.
Coronary heart disease
Coronary artery disease is the end result of the accumulation of atheromatous plaques within the walls of the coronary arteries that supply the myocardium with oxygen and nutrients. It is sometimes also called coronary heart disease...
that is a less invasive method of coronary artery bypass surgery
Coronary artery bypass surgery
Coronary artery bypass surgery, also coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and colloquially heart bypass or bypass surgery is a surgical procedure performed to relieve angina and reduce the risk of death from coronary artery disease...
(CABG). MIDCAB gains surgical access to the heart with a smaller incision than other types of CABG. MIDCAB is sometimes referred to as "keyhole" heart surgery
Cardiac surgery
Cardiovascular surgery is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease , correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease from various causes including endocarditis, rheumatic heart...
because the operation is analogous to operating through a keyhole
Keyhole
A keyhole is where a key is inserted to open a lock. It is more properly known as a keyway.Keyhole has the following meanings:* Gravitational keyhole is a region of an orbit where a small gravitational input could cause a small body to collide with the large body it is orbiting.* Keyhole surgery is...
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MIDCAB is a form of off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (OPCAB), performed "off-pump" - without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass (the heart-lung machine). MIDCAB differs from OPCAB in the type of incision used for the surgery; with traditional CABG and OPCAB a median sternotomy
Median sternotomy
Median sternotomy is a type of surgical procedure in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided, or "cracked"...
(dividing the breastbone) provides access to the heart; with MIDCAB, the surgeon enters the chest cavity through a mini-thoracotomy (a 2-to-3 inch incision between the ribs).
MIDCAB surgery is no more reserved for anteriorly placed single- or double-vessel diseases, because recently such lesions are usually managed with angioplasty. Hence this surgery has recently been used in multivessel diseases.
MIDCAB in hybrid revascularization
People with multi-vessel coronary disease, who desire a minimally invasive approach to surgery may be eligible for hybrid bypass. A hybrid approach combines coronary bypass (using the MIDCAB approach) and coronary stentingPercutaneous coronary intervention
Percutaneous coronary intervention , commonly known as coronary angioplasty or simply angioplasty, is one therapeutic procedure used to treat the stenotic coronary arteries of the heart found in coronary heart disease. These stenotic segments are due to the build up of cholesterol-laden plaques...
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See also
- Cardiac surgeonCardiac surgeonA cardiac surgeon is a surgeon who performs cardiac surgery—operative procedures on the heart and great vessels.-Training:A cardiac surgery residency typically comprises anywhere from six to nine years of training to become a fully qualified surgeon...
- Cardiac surgeryCardiac surgeryCardiovascular surgery is surgery on the heart or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease , correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease from various causes including endocarditis, rheumatic heart...
- Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgeryTotally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgeryTotally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery is an entirely endoscopic robotic surgery used to treat coronary heart disease, developed in the very late 1990s. It is an advanced form of Minimally Invasive Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery, which allows bypass surgery to be conducted off-pump...