Metadata controller
Encyclopedia
Metadata controller is a storage area network
Storage area network
A storage area network is a dedicated network that provides access to consolidated, block level data storage. SANs are primarily used to make storage devices, such as disk arrays, tape libraries, and optical jukeboxes, accessible to servers so that the devices appear like locally attached devices...

(SAN) technology for managing file locking, space allocation and data access authorization.
This is needed when several clients are given block level access to the same disk volume.

The abstract for the patent describing this technology can be read here
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