Menjiwo
Encyclopedia
Menjiwo is one of the 77 woreda
s in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia
. The name Menjiwo is derived from the province Manjo of the Kingdom of Kaffa
; however, the province of Manjo lay within the boundaries of neighboring Ginbo, while Menjiwo occupies the lands of the Gallo province of the former kingdom. Part of the Keficho Shekicho Zone
, Menjiwo is bordered on the south by Telo
, on the west by Ginbo
, on the north by the Gojeb River
which separates it from the Oromia Region
, and on the east by the Semien Omo Zone
. The major town in Menjiwo is Adiya Kaka.
This woreda has been described as "one of the most isolated zones in the Region, with most kebele
s inaccessible by road throughout the year." According to a 2004 report, Menjiwo had 56 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 53 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers. Despite the lack of all-weather roads, this woreda possesses "a largely self-contained economy, not wealthy, but economically secure. Major cash crops include corn
, teff
, wheat, and haricot beans. Other important sources of income include selling butter.
in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 101,288, of whom 51,851 are men and 49,437 are women; 2,075 or 2.05% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 9.7%. With an estimated area of 1,054.22 square kilometers, Menjiwo has an estimated population density of 96.1 people per square kilometer, which is greater than the Zone average of 81.9.
In the 1994 national census Menjiwo had a population of 71,575, of whom 34,953 were men and 36,622 women; 1,145 or 1.6% of its population were urban dwellers. The four largest ethnic groups reported in this woreda were the Kafficho (91.24%), the Kullo (5.04%), the Amhara
(1.27%), and the Konta (0.85%); all other ethnic groups made up 1.6% of the population. Kafa
was spoken as a first language by 89.29% of the inhabitants, 7% spoke Kullo, 1.55% Konta, and 1.25% spoke Oromiffa
; the remaining 0.91% spoke all other primary languages reported. Concerning education
, 11.86% of the population were considered literate; 5.62% of children aged 7-12 were in primary school; 0.42% of the children aged 13-14 were in junior secondary school; and 0.14% of the inhabitants aged 15-18 were in senior secondary school. Concerning sanitary conditions
, about 40.96% of the urban houses and 7.63% of all houses had access to safe drinking water at the time of the census, while about 33.58% of the urban and 7.84% of the total had toilet facilities.
Woreda
Woreda is an administrative division of Ethiopia , equivalent to a district . Woredas are composed of a number of Kebele, or neighborhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia...
s in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
. The name Menjiwo is derived from the province Manjo of the Kingdom of Kaffa
Kingdom of Kaffa
The Kingdom of Kaffa was an early modern state located in what is now Ethiopia, with its capital at Bonga. The Gojeb River formed its northern border, beyond which lay the Gibe kingdoms; to the east the territory of the Konta and Kullo peoples lay between Kaffa and the Omo River; to the south...
; however, the province of Manjo lay within the boundaries of neighboring Ginbo, while Menjiwo occupies the lands of the Gallo province of the former kingdom. Part of the Keficho Shekicho Zone
Keficho Shekicho Zone
Keficho Shekicho is a Zone in the Ethiopian Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region . While in their latest population estimates the Central Statistical Agency includes it as a single Zone, the list of second administrative level bodies maintained by the United Nations Geographic...
, Menjiwo is bordered on the south by Telo
Telo
Telo is one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. This woreda has its origins in the province Chetta of the former Kingdom of Kaffa. A triangle-shaped sub-unit of the Keficho Shekicho Zone, Telo is bordered on the west by Decha, at the northwest...
, on the west by Ginbo
Ginbo
Ginbo is one of the 77 woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. The name Ginbo comes from one of the provinces in the former Kingdom of Kaffa...
, on the north by the Gojeb River
Gojeb River
The Gojeb River is eastward-flowing tributary of the Omo River in Ethiopia. It rises in the mountains of Guma, flowing in almost a direct line its confluence with the Omo at....
which separates it from the Oromia Region
Oromia Region
Oromia is one of the nine ethnic divisions of Ethiopia...
, and on the east by the Semien Omo Zone
Semien Omo Zone
Semien Omo was a Zone in the Ethiopian Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region . It was named after the Omo River, which flows in the western area of the former zone...
. The major town in Menjiwo is Adiya Kaka.
This woreda has been described as "one of the most isolated zones in the Region, with most kebele
Kebele
A kebele is the smallest administrative unit of Ethiopia similar to ward, a neighbourhood or a localized and delimited group of people...
s inaccessible by road throughout the year." According to a 2004 report, Menjiwo had 56 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 53 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers. Despite the lack of all-weather roads, this woreda possesses "a largely self-contained economy, not wealthy, but economically secure. Major cash crops include corn
Maize
Maize known in many English-speaking countries as corn or mielie/mealie, is a grain domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain seeds called kernels. Though technically a grain, maize kernels are used in cooking as a vegetable...
, teff
Teff
Eragrostis tef, known as teff, taf , or khak shir , is an annual grass, a species of lovegrass native to the northern Ethiopian Highlands of Northeast Africa....
, wheat, and haricot beans. Other important sources of income include selling butter.
Demographics
Based on figures published by the Central Statistical AgencyCentral Statistical Agency (Ethiopia)
The Central Statistical Agency is an agency of the government of Ethiopia designated to provide all surveys and censuses for that country used to monitor economic and social growth, as well as to act as an official training center in that field. It is part of the Ethiopian Ministry of Finance and...
in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 101,288, of whom 51,851 are men and 49,437 are women; 2,075 or 2.05% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 9.7%. With an estimated area of 1,054.22 square kilometers, Menjiwo has an estimated population density of 96.1 people per square kilometer, which is greater than the Zone average of 81.9.
In the 1994 national census Menjiwo had a population of 71,575, of whom 34,953 were men and 36,622 women; 1,145 or 1.6% of its population were urban dwellers. The four largest ethnic groups reported in this woreda were the Kafficho (91.24%), the Kullo (5.04%), the Amhara
Amhara people
Amhara are a highland people inhabiting the Northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Numbering about 19.8 million people, they comprise 26% of the country's population, according to the 2007 national census...
(1.27%), and the Konta (0.85%); all other ethnic groups made up 1.6% of the population. Kafa
Kafa language
Kaffa is an Afroasiatic language spoken in Ethiopia around Bonga in the Keficho Shekicho Zone. The language is also called Kafi nono.- Further reading :...
was spoken as a first language by 89.29% of the inhabitants, 7% spoke Kullo, 1.55% Konta, and 1.25% spoke Oromiffa
Oromo language
Oromo, also known as Afaan Oromo, Oromiffa, Afan Boran, Afan Orma, and sometimes in other languages by variant spellings of these names , is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic family. Forms of Oromo are spoken as a first language by more than 25 million Oromo and...
; the remaining 0.91% spoke all other primary languages reported. Concerning education
Education in Ethiopia
Education in Ethiopia has been dominated by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church for many centuries until secular education was adopted in the early 1900s. Prior to 1974, Ethiopia had an estimated illiteracy rate well above 90% and compared poorly with the rest of Africa in the provision of schools and...
, 11.86% of the population were considered literate; 5.62% of children aged 7-12 were in primary school; 0.42% of the children aged 13-14 were in junior secondary school; and 0.14% of the inhabitants aged 15-18 were in senior secondary school. Concerning sanitary conditions
Water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia
Access to water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia is amongst the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa and the entire world. While access has increased substantially with funding from external aid, much still remains to be done to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving the share of people...
, about 40.96% of the urban houses and 7.63% of all houses had access to safe drinking water at the time of the census, while about 33.58% of the urban and 7.84% of the total had toilet facilities.