Matriculation in India
Encyclopedia
In India
, "matriculation" (sometimes called "matric") is a term commonly used to refer to the final year of high school, which ends at tenth standard (tenth grade) and the qualification received on finishing the tenth standard (tenth grade) of high school and passing the or the state board exams
, commonly called "matriculation exams". Most students who pass out of matriculation, or class 10, are 15-16 years old. Once the Matric year and exam have been passed, students are said to have "matriculated". Upon successfully passing, a student may continue onto junior college (equivalent of British Sixth Form (16-18 years old)) for Intermediate Exams (equivalent to British A' or Advanced Level Examination). The 11th and 12th standards (grades) are usually referred to as "first year junior college" and "second year junior college". Most students who pass out of class 12 are 17-18 years old.
India continued to use terms such as Matriculation
Exams and Intermediate
Exams taken from the days of the British Raj
although these terms were replaced in England itself with O' or Ordinary Level Examinations (now called GCSE) and A' or Advanced Level Examinations post World War II. Specialising in 3 or 4 A' level subjects for basis of entry to university
; a system followed in many of the former British colonies unlike American system which has a much broader range of subjects, but to a lower level, for entry to university. The American 1st year level at university is regarded as equivalent to the British A' Level. Consequently the American degrees are of longer duration and some (e.g. Medicine) are only done post graduation of first degree course.
With the introduction of separate entrance examination
s for entry into medicine
, engineering
and law courses, many students (especially those opting for science
) tend to take their 12th exams lightly. Entrance exams usually comprise of multiple-choice-questions on physics
, chemistry
and biology
(or mathematics
) and are conducted separately on national and state levels. Additionally some highly coveted institutions hold their own entrance tests. These competitive exams are among the toughest in the world and competition is intense, for example over 400,000 students appear for the IIT-JEE exam, competing for 13,500 seats at the IITs
. Just as the IIT-JEE is for the IITs, BITSAT is conducted for admission to another of India's elite universities, Birla Institute of Technology and Science
for Bachelor’s in Engineering programs in its Pilani, Hyderabad and Goa campuses. About two lakh students compete in BITSAT for ,500 seats in the various BITS campuses.The CBSE and ICSE
boards conduct twelfth standard courses nationally, while state boards
operate at the state-level.
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
, "matriculation" (sometimes called "matric") is a term commonly used to refer to the final year of high school, which ends at tenth standard (tenth grade) and the qualification received on finishing the tenth standard (tenth grade) of high school and passing the or the state board exams
Secondary School Certificate
The Secondary School Certificate, also known as SSC, is a public examination taken by students in Bangladesh, Pakistan and in the states of Tamilnadu, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Goa in India after successfully completing at least ten years of schooling. It is followed...
, commonly called "matriculation exams". Most students who pass out of matriculation, or class 10, are 15-16 years old. Once the Matric year and exam have been passed, students are said to have "matriculated". Upon successfully passing, a student may continue onto junior college (equivalent of British Sixth Form (16-18 years old)) for Intermediate Exams (equivalent to British A' or Advanced Level Examination). The 11th and 12th standards (grades) are usually referred to as "first year junior college" and "second year junior college". Most students who pass out of class 12 are 17-18 years old.
India continued to use terms such as Matriculation
Matriculation
Matriculation, in the broadest sense, means to be registered or added to a list, from the Latin matricula – little list. In Scottish heraldry, for instance, a matriculation is a registration of armorial bearings...
Exams and Intermediate
Intermediate
Intermediate means "occurring between two extremes, or in the middle of a range". It comes from the Latin word 'intermedia' which literally means 'among the middle' and may refer to:...
Exams taken from the days of the British Raj
British Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
although these terms were replaced in England itself with O' or Ordinary Level Examinations (now called GCSE) and A' or Advanced Level Examinations post World War II. Specialising in 3 or 4 A' level subjects for basis of entry to university
University
A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects. A university is an organisation that provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education...
; a system followed in many of the former British colonies unlike American system which has a much broader range of subjects, but to a lower level, for entry to university. The American 1st year level at university is regarded as equivalent to the British A' Level. Consequently the American degrees are of longer duration and some (e.g. Medicine) are only done post graduation of first degree course.
With the introduction of separate entrance examination
Entrance examination
An entrance examination is an examination that many educational institutions use to select students for admission. These exams may be administered at any level of education, from primary to higher education, although they are more common at higher levels....
s for entry into medicine
MBBS
MBBS was a popular BBS system in the Nordic countries during the mid-1990s. It was created by a team of Oslo-based enthusiasts, led by Mike Robertson. As many BBS systems of that era, it was only available for the DOS platform. Since one process could only handle one node, multitaskers such as...
, engineering
BE
BE, B.E., Be or be may refer to:*The verb to be *Bachelor of Engineering, undergraduate academic degree*Buddhist Era of the Thai solar calendar*Bahá'í Era, the date notation of the Bahá'í calendar...
and law courses, many students (especially those opting for science
Science
Science is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe...
) tend to take their 12th exams lightly. Entrance exams usually comprise of multiple-choice-questions on physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
, chemistry
Chemistry
Chemistry is the science of matter, especially its chemical reactions, but also its composition, structure and properties. Chemistry is concerned with atoms and their interactions with other atoms, and particularly with the properties of chemical bonds....
and biology
Biology
Biology is a natural science concerned with the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy. Biology is a vast subject containing many subdivisions, topics, and disciplines...
(or mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
) and are conducted separately on national and state levels. Additionally some highly coveted institutions hold their own entrance tests. These competitive exams are among the toughest in the world and competition is intense, for example over 400,000 students appear for the IIT-JEE exam, competing for 13,500 seats at the IITs
Indian Institutes of Technology
The Indian Institutes of Technology are a group of autonomous engineering and technology-oriented institutes of higher education. The IITs are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961 which has declared them as “institutions of national importance”, and lays down their powers, duties,...
. Just as the IIT-JEE is for the IITs, BITSAT is conducted for admission to another of India's elite universities, Birla Institute of Technology and Science
Birla Institute of Technology and Science
Birla Institute of Technology & Science, is a private university located in Pilani, Rajasthan, India. BITS Pilani is considered one of the most prestigious and selective universities in India...
for Bachelor’s in Engineering programs in its Pilani, Hyderabad and Goa campuses. About two lakh students compete in BITSAT for ,500 seats in the various BITS campuses.The CBSE and ICSE
Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education or ICSE examination is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of school education in India, for class 10, i.e., grade 10...
boards conduct twelfth standard courses nationally, while state boards
Higher Secondary (School) Certificate
The Higher Secondary Certificate, also known as HSC, is a public examination taken by students in Bangladesh, Pakistan and in the states of Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Punjab, Maharashtra and Goa in India after successfully completing at least twelve years of schooling, that is two years...
operate at the state-level.