Maschinenbau Kiel
Encyclopedia
Maschinenbau Kiel GmbH designed, manufactured and marketed marine diesel engines, diesel locomotives and tracked vehicles under the MaK brand name. The three primary operating divisions of Maschinenbau Kiel GmbH were sold to different companies in the 1990s.
Rheinmetall
acquired the military vehicles division in 1990. Siemens
acquired the locomotive manufacturing division in 1992. Siemens sold the locomotive division to the current owner, Vossloh
, in 1998. Caterpillar Inc.
acquired the marine diesel engine division in 1997.
Both Vossloh and the marine diesels division of Caterpillar are still based in Kiel
, Caterpillar continues to use MaK brand name on their products. The companies are major employers in Kiel.
limiting arms production in Germany, the defence based industries in Kiel sought other markets. Kiel Deutsche Werke
AG (DWK) was founded; producing diesel locomotives as well as shipbuilding and firearms manufacture. During the second world war Deutsche work produced U-boats, as well as locomotives for the Wehrmacht. The end of the second world war brought not only destruction of many of the facilities in Kiel, but also the end of the company.
In 1959 a crisis led to the companies purchase by Bremer Atlas GmbH and its conversion into a GmbH
(a type of limited liability company).
In 1964 MaK became part of the Krupp
group due to the take over of its parent company. By 1990 the production of the Leopard 2 Tank had ended and the prospect of future orders was uncertain; the military equipment production division was organised into a new company MaK System GmbH. which was acquired by the cannon manufacturer Rheinmetall
. The locomotive production arm of the company was sold in 1992 to Siemens.
In 1997 the marine engines part of the business was sold to Caterpillar Inc.
.
In the 1950s and 1960s diesel locomotives of the 'connecting rod' with jackshaft drive type were built and sold to numerous private companies to replace steam locomotives.
During the 1950s the plant produced locomotives for the Deutsche Bundesbahn, including the DB Class V 60
, DB Class V 65
, DB Class V 80
In 1965 native locomotive production began to use cardan shafts as part of the transmission system.
During the 1960s further locomotive models were produced for the Deutsche Bundesbahn including the Class V 90's, DB Class V 100
, DB Class V 200
and DB Class V 160
A third program of locomotive building began in 1979 - based on the standards (Arbeitskreis Standard-Diesellok) produced by the Federal Association of Railways (Bundesverbandes Deutscher Eisenbahnen) which required the use of standard interchangeable components. In the exterior design right angles and flat steel predominate - primarily for cost reasons, internally a switch to faster running engines was made, with engines from MTU
being used. The G 1206 BB; a development of the G 1201 BB, with numerous intermediate models, proved notably successful being in production for decades, with a new shunting version introduced in 2007.
In the harsh economic climate of that time the company tried to expand its range - and its customer base. Using electrical components from the Swiss-German company BBC
MaK started production of diesel-electric locomotives - some were successful, notably the EN 6400
of which 60 were bought by Nederlandse Spoorwegen
.
In 1992 the name of the company was changed to Krupp Verkehrstechnik GmbH (with the corporation of some other companies in the Krupp group). 1994 brought a sale to Siemens
and became part of Siemens rail technology (Siemens Schienenfahrzeugtechnik SFT).
On the 1st of October 1998 the factory in Kiel along with a branch plant in Moers
was sold to Vossloh AG
. Vossloh Rail Vehicle Engineering (Vossloh Schienenfahrzeugtechnik GmbH) or "VSFT" was the new name.
Under Vosslohs management the locomotives produced carried the traditional MaK logo. On the 23rd of April 2004 the company was renamed "Vossloh Locomotives GmbH"
In 1983 "MaK DATA SYSTEM" emerged as a profit center
for the Krupp MaK external information technology service. Since 1995 it has been an independent company: MaK DATA SYSTEM Kiel GmbH.
In 2006, the foundry of the Caterpillar engine works and the former MaK foundry was sold to SHW Casting Technologies GmbH, a foundry group, and now trades under the name Gießerei Kiel GmbH (Kiel Foundry Ltd) or "GK"
MaK locomotives (category) and Vossloh locomotives (category)
Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall AG is a German automotive and defence company with factories in Düsseldorf, Kassel and Unterlüß. The company has a long tradition of making guns and artillery pieces...
acquired the military vehicles division in 1990. Siemens
Siemens
Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
acquired the locomotive manufacturing division in 1992. Siemens sold the locomotive division to the current owner, Vossloh
Vossloh
Vossloh AG is a German transport technology manufacturer based in the Westphalian town of Werdohl. The group has 4,700 employees , and generated sales of €1.2 billion, of which approximately 60% came from the rail infrastructure division, and the remainder from the motive power and components...
, in 1998. Caterpillar Inc.
Caterpillar Inc.
Caterpillar Inc. , also known as "CAT", designs, manufactures, markets and sells machinery and engines and sells financial products and insurance to customers via a worldwide dealer network. Caterpillar is the world's largest manufacturer of construction and mining equipment, diesel and natural gas...
acquired the marine diesel engine division in 1997.
Both Vossloh and the marine diesels division of Caterpillar are still based in Kiel
Kiel
Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 238,049 .Kiel is approximately north of Hamburg. Due to its geographic location in the north of Germany, the southeast of the Jutland peninsula, and the southwestern shore of the...
, Caterpillar continues to use MaK brand name on their products. The companies are major employers in Kiel.
Pre-History
The companies origins can be traced back at least as far as 1918. With the Treaty of VersaillesTreaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties at the end of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of...
limiting arms production in Germany, the defence based industries in Kiel sought other markets. Kiel Deutsche Werke
Deutsche Werke
Deutsche Werke was a German shipbuilding company founded in 1925 when Kaiserliche Werft Kiel and other shipyards were merged. It came as a result of the Treaty of Versailles after World War I that forced the German defence industry to shrink...
AG (DWK) was founded; producing diesel locomotives as well as shipbuilding and firearms manufacture. During the second world war Deutsche work produced U-boats, as well as locomotives for the Wehrmacht. The end of the second world war brought not only destruction of many of the facilities in Kiel, but also the end of the company.
1948-1997
The company Maschinenbau Kiel was founded on the 25 May 1948 as a limited liability company. It included several factories of the former Deutsche Werke AG. In 1954 after a lengthy legal dispute with MAN the name was changed from MAK to MaK.In 1959 a crisis led to the companies purchase by Bremer Atlas GmbH and its conversion into a GmbH
Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung
Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung is a type of legal entityvery common in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and other Central European countries...
(a type of limited liability company).
In 1964 MaK became part of the Krupp
Krupp
The Krupp family , a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, have become famous for their steel production and for their manufacture of ammunition and armaments. The family business, known as Friedrich Krupp AG Hoesch-Krupp, was the largest company in Europe at the beginning of the 20th...
group due to the take over of its parent company. By 1990 the production of the Leopard 2 Tank had ended and the prospect of future orders was uncertain; the military equipment production division was organised into a new company MaK System GmbH. which was acquired by the cannon manufacturer Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall
Rheinmetall AG is a German automotive and defence company with factories in Düsseldorf, Kassel and Unterlüß. The company has a long tradition of making guns and artillery pieces...
. The locomotive production arm of the company was sold in 1992 to Siemens.
In 1997 the marine engines part of the business was sold to Caterpillar Inc.
Diesel Engines
The marine diesel engines division became Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG in 1997 and is now a 100% subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. The engines still carry the MaK logo. One example of the success of this organisation is the use of four engines of the type MaK 9 M 43 C in the cruise ship AIDAdivaAIDAdiva
AIDAdiva is a cruise ship operated by the German cruise line AIDA Cruises. The ship was built at Meyer Werft in Papenburg, Germany.-External links:*...
.
Locomotives
- See also :Category:MaK locomotives
In the 1950s and 1960s diesel locomotives of the 'connecting rod' with jackshaft drive type were built and sold to numerous private companies to replace steam locomotives.
During the 1950s the plant produced locomotives for the Deutsche Bundesbahn, including the DB Class V 60
DB Class V 60
The DB Class V 60 is a German diesel locomotive operated by the Deutsche Bundesbahn and later, the Deutsche Bahn AG , which is used particularly for shunting duties, but also for hauling light goods trains. Seventeen locomotives were bought used by the Norwegian State Railways and designated NSB...
, DB Class V 65
DB Class V 65
The DB Class V 65 locomotives were German, eight-wheeled, rod-coupled diesel locomotives operated by Deutsche Bundesbahn intended for light railway services and medium-heavy shunting duties...
, DB Class V 80
DB Class V 80
The Class V 80 is a type of German diesel locomotive operated by theDeutsche Bundesbahn, that was redesignated as Class 280 from 1968.- History :...
In 1965 native locomotive production began to use cardan shafts as part of the transmission system.
During the 1960s further locomotive models were produced for the Deutsche Bundesbahn including the Class V 90's, DB Class V 100
DB Class V 100
These DB Class V 100 diesel locomotives were produced in the late 1950s by the Deutsche Bundesbahn for non-electrified branch lines as a replacement for steam locomotives...
, DB Class V 200
DB class V 200
DB Class V 200.0 was one of the first diesel-hydraulic express locomotives of the German Deutsche Bundesbahn and - as Am 4/4 - of the SBB-CFF-FFS in Switzerland.-DB Service:...
and DB Class V 160
DB Class V 160
The Class V 160 is a class of diesel-hydraulic locomotives of the German railways. It is the first variant of the V160 family, built for the Deutsche Bundesbahn for medium/heavy trains....
A third program of locomotive building began in 1979 - based on the standards (Arbeitskreis Standard-Diesellok) produced by the Federal Association of Railways (Bundesverbandes Deutscher Eisenbahnen) which required the use of standard interchangeable components. In the exterior design right angles and flat steel predominate - primarily for cost reasons, internally a switch to faster running engines was made, with engines from MTU
MTU Friedrichshafen
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH is a manufacturer of commercial internal combustion engines founded by Wilhelm Maybach and his son Karl Maybach in 1909...
being used. The G 1206 BB; a development of the G 1201 BB, with numerous intermediate models, proved notably successful being in production for decades, with a new shunting version introduced in 2007.
In the harsh economic climate of that time the company tried to expand its range - and its customer base. Using electrical components from the Swiss-German company BBC
Brown, Boveri & Cie
Brown, Boveri & Cie was a Swiss group of electrical engineering companies.It was founded in Baden, Switzerland, in 1891 by Charles Eugene Lancelot Brown and Walter Boveri who worked at the Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon. In 1970 BBC took over the Maschinenfabrik Oerlikon...
MaK started production of diesel-electric locomotives - some were successful, notably the EN 6400
NS Class 6400
The NS Class 6400 is a type of 4 axle diesel-electric freight locomotive. 120 were built by MaK and ABB between 1988 and 1994 for Nederlandse Spoorwegen.-Design and description:...
of which 60 were bought by Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen , or NS, is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands.Its trains operate over the tracks of the Dutch national railinfrastructure, operated by ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003...
.
In 1992 the name of the company was changed to Krupp Verkehrstechnik GmbH (with the corporation of some other companies in the Krupp group). 1994 brought a sale to Siemens
Siemens
Siemens may refer toSiemens, a German family name carried by generations of telecommunications industrialists, including:* Werner von Siemens , inventor, founder of Siemens AG...
and became part of Siemens rail technology (Siemens Schienenfahrzeugtechnik SFT).
On the 1st of October 1998 the factory in Kiel along with a branch plant in Moers
Moers
Moers is a German city on the left bank of the Rhine. Moers belongs to the district of Wesel...
was sold to Vossloh AG
Vossloh
Vossloh AG is a German transport technology manufacturer based in the Westphalian town of Werdohl. The group has 4,700 employees , and generated sales of €1.2 billion, of which approximately 60% came from the rail infrastructure division, and the remainder from the motive power and components...
. Vossloh Rail Vehicle Engineering (Vossloh Schienenfahrzeugtechnik GmbH) or "VSFT" was the new name.
Under Vosslohs management the locomotives produced carried the traditional MaK logo. On the 23rd of April 2004 the company was renamed "Vossloh Locomotives GmbH"
Former constituent companies
The construction equipment manufacturing company is now known as ATLAS TEREX GmbH.In 1983 "MaK DATA SYSTEM" emerged as a profit center
Profit center
A profit center is a part of a corporation that directly adds to its profit.-Overview :A profit center is a section of a company treated as a separate business. Thus profits or losses for a profit center are calculated separately...
for the Krupp MaK external information technology service. Since 1995 it has been an independent company: MaK DATA SYSTEM Kiel GmbH.
In 2006, the foundry of the Caterpillar engine works and the former MaK foundry was sold to SHW Casting Technologies GmbH, a foundry group, and now trades under the name Gießerei Kiel GmbH (Kiel Foundry Ltd) or "GK"
Products
- Leopard tankLeopard tankThe Leopard is a main battle tank designed and produced in West Germany that first entered service in 1965. Developed in an era when HEAT warheads were thought to make conventional heavy armour of limited value, the Leopard focussed on firepower in the form of the German-built version of the...
, also produced by Krauss–MaffeiKrauss-MaffeiThe Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co KG or simply Krauss-Maffei is an injection molding machine manufacturer and defence company based in Munich, Germany...
MaK locomotives (category) and Vossloh locomotives (category)
External links
- History of Locomotive building in Kiel (in German) from Loks-aus-kiel.de
- Vossloh Locomotives Manufacturer of locomotives
- Atlas Maschinen GmbH Formerly Atlas-Terex, a manufacturer of cranes and excavators
- Gießerei Kiel Manufacturer of metal castings, owner of the former MaK foundry
- Caterpillar Marine Power Systems Manufacturer of MaK branded marine engines