Maria of Bytom
Encyclopedia
Maria of Bytom also known as Queen Maria of Hungary ' onMouseout='HidePop("12753")' href="/topics/Timisoara">Timişoara
), Rumania, 15 December 1315), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Bytom
branch and by marriage Queen of Hungary.
She was the third child and only daughter of Duke Casimir of Bytom
by his wife Helena.
, King of Hungary
, according to the chronicle of Jan Długosz, which is generally accepted by the majority of historians. The marriage was probably on the initiative of Władysław I the Elbow-high, and the role of matchmaker was played by her brother Bolesław
, then Scholastic of Kraków
and Duke of Toszek
. Also, this union was the external expression of the approximation between the Polish and Hungarian Kingdoms, connected to the transition of the House of Anjou politics in a close political relations with Poland. The position of Maria as Queen of Hungary also paved the way for the subsequent career in the Hungarian church of his brothers Bolesław (later Archbishop of Esztergom
) and Mieszko
(later Bishop of Nitra
and Veszprém
).
Maria died on 15 December 1315 and was buried in the Royal vault of Székesfehérvár
in the Basilica
of the Virgin Mary.
However, another sources stated that King Charles I's third and last wife, Elisabeth of Poland
was the mother of Katherine and Elisabeth.
Timisoara
Timișoara is the capital city of Timiș County, in western Romania. One of the largest Romanian cities, with an estimated population of 311,586 inhabitants , and considered the informal capital city of the historical region of Banat, Timișoara is the main social, economic and cultural center in the...
), Rumania, 15 December 1315), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast in the Bytom
Bytom
Bytom is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. The central-western district of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - metropolis with the population of 2 millions. Bytom is located in the Silesian Highlands, on the Bytomka river .The city belongs to the Silesian Voivodeship since...
branch and by marriage Queen of Hungary.
She was the third child and only daughter of Duke Casimir of Bytom
Casimir of Bytom
Casimir of Bytom was a Duke of Opole during 1282–1284 and Duke of Bytom from 1284 until his death....
by his wife Helena.
Life
In 1306 Maria married Charles I Robert of AnjouCharles I of Hungary
Charles I , also known as Charles Robert , was the first King of Hungary and Croatia of the House of Anjou. He was also descended from the old Hungarian Árpád dynasty. His claim to the throne of Hungary was contested by several pretenders...
, King of Hungary
King of Hungary
The King of Hungary was the head of state of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1000 to 1918.The style of title "Apostolic King" was confirmed by Pope Clement XIII in 1758 and used afterwards by all the Kings of Hungary, so after this date the kings are referred to as "Apostolic King of...
, according to the chronicle of Jan Długosz, which is generally accepted by the majority of historians. The marriage was probably on the initiative of Władysław I the Elbow-high, and the role of matchmaker was played by her brother Bolesław
Bolesław of Toszek
Bolesław of Toszek , was a Duke of Toszek since 1303 until his death and Archbishop of Esztergom from 1321.He was the oldest son of Duke Casimir of Bytom by his wife Helena.- Life :...
, then Scholastic of Kraków
Kraków
Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life...
and Duke of Toszek
Toszek
Toszek is a town in Poland, in Gliwice County, Silesian Voivodeship, with 4,000 inhabitants.- History :The beginning of the settlement and fortified keep is dated in the 9th and 10th centuries when the area was ruled by the Piasts, Mieszko I of Poland and later Bolesław I the Brave.The fortified...
. Also, this union was the external expression of the approximation between the Polish and Hungarian Kingdoms, connected to the transition of the House of Anjou politics in a close political relations with Poland. The position of Maria as Queen of Hungary also paved the way for the subsequent career in the Hungarian church of his brothers Bolesław (later Archbishop of Esztergom
Esztergom
Esztergom , is a city in northern Hungary, 46 km north-west of the capital Budapest. It lies in Komárom-Esztergom county, on the right bank of the river Danube, which forms the border with Slovakia there....
) and Mieszko
Mieszko of Bytom
Mieszko of Bytom , was a Duke of Siewierz during 1312-1328 , Bishop of Nitra during 1328-1334 and Bishop of Veszprém since 1334 until his death....
(later Bishop of Nitra
Nitra
Nitra is a city in western Slovakia, situated at the foot of Zobor Mountain in the valley of the river Nitra. With a population of about 83,572, it is the fifth largest city in Slovakia. Nitra is also one of the oldest cities in Slovakia and the country's earliest political and cultural center...
and Veszprém
Veszprém
Veszprém is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county of the same name.-Location:...
).
Maria died on 15 December 1315 and was buried in the Royal vault of Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár
Székesfehérvár is a city in central Hungary and is the 9th largest in the country. Located around southwest of Budapest. It is inhabited by 101,973 people , with 136,995 in the Székesfehérvár Subregion. The city is the centre of Fejér county and the regional centre of Central Transdanubia...
in the Basilica
Basilica
The Latin word basilica , was originally used to describe a Roman public building, usually located in the forum of a Roman town. Public basilicas began to appear in Hellenistic cities in the 2nd century BC.The term was also applied to buildings used for religious purposes...
of the Virgin Mary.
Issue
Whether the marriage of Charles I Robert and Maria had offspring, there are divided opinions. Some historians believed that the union was childless due to the infertility of Maria; but another group of Polish and foreign historians, led by the genealogist Włodzimierz Dworzaczek, argue that the marriage in fact produced two daughters:- Katherine (d. 1355), married in 1338 to Duke Henry II of ŚwidnicaHenry II of SwidnicaHenry II of Świdnica, , was a Duke of Świdnica since 1326 until his death .He was the second and younger son of Duke Bernard of Świdnica by his wife Kunigunde, daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high, Duke of Kuyavia and since 1320 King of Poland.-Life:Henry's exact date of birth is unknown, but was...
; their only child, Anne of ŚwidnicaAnna von SchweidnitzAnna of Schweidnitz was Queen of Bohemia, German Queen, and Empress of the Holy Roman Empire. She was the third wife of Emperor Charles IV.-Biography:...
, was later Holy Roman Empress by her marriage with Charles IV of LuxembourgCharles IV, Holy Roman EmperorCharles IV , born Wenceslaus , was the second king of Bohemia from the House of Luxembourg, and the first king of Bohemia to also become Holy Roman Emperor....
. - Elisabeth (d. by 19 August 1367), married "Bolesław of Opole" (probably Duke Bolesław II of NiemodlinBolesław II of NiemodlinBolesław II of Niemodlin , was a Duke of Niemodlin since 1365 until his death .He was the eldest son of Bolesław the Elder, Duke of Niemodlin, by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Henry VI the Good, Duke of Wrocław.-Life:...
).
However, another sources stated that King Charles I's third and last wife, Elisabeth of Poland
Elisabeth of Poland
Elisabeth of Poland was Queen consort of Hungary and regent of Poland. She is also known as Elisabeth of Kujavia and Elisabeth Piast.-Early life:...
was the mother of Katherine and Elisabeth.