Marcantonio V Colonna was an Italian nobleman of the Colonna family

Colonna family

The Colonna family is an Italian noble family; it was powerful in medieval and Renaissance Rome, supplying one Pope and many other Church and political leaders...

 and Prince of Paliano

Princes of Paliano

The title Duke and Prince of Paliano is borne by the head of the Colonna di Paliano family. At times the honour has been borne by several members at once...

.

Colonna was the son of Don Filippo I Colonna

Filippo I Colonna

Filippo Colonna , Prince of Paliano, was an Italian nobleman, who was the head of the Colonna family of Rome and the hereditary Gran Connestabile at the court of Naples.-Biography:He was born at Rome...

, Prince of Paliano and his wife, Lucrezia Tomacelli. He was the brother of Anna Colonna

Anna Colonna

Anna Colonna was an Italian noblewoman of the Colonna and Barberini families and Princess of Paliano-Biography:Colonna was born in 1601; the daughter of Filippo Colonna, Prince of Paliano and Lucrezia Tomacelli, dei signori di Galatro, and was thus Princess of Paliano.On 14 October 1627, at age...

 who married Taddeo Barberini

Taddeo Barberini

Taddeo Barberini was an Italian nobleman of the House of Barberini who became Prince of Palestrina and Gonfalonier of the Church; commander of the Papal Army. He was a nephew of Pope Urban VIII and brother of Cardinals Francesco Barberini and Antonio Barberini...

 (Prince of Palestrina

Palestrina

Palestrina is an ancient city and comune with a population of about 18,000, in Lazio, c. 35 km east of Rome...

) and Cardinal Girolamo Colonna

Girolamo Colonna

Girolamo Colonna was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and member of the noble Colonna family.-Biography:...

.

Colonna married Isabella Gioeni Cardona, Princess of Castiglione and had issue including:

• Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna
  Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna
  Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna was an Italian nobleman of the Colonna family. He was the 8th Duke and Prince of Paliano and hereditary Grand Constable of the Kingdom of Naples. He was also a Knight of the Golden Fleece.-Biography:...
  
   who married Maria Mancini (a niece of Cardinal Mazarin) and inherited Colonna's titles.
• Anna Colonna, who married Paolo Spinola, 3rd Marquis of the Balbases
  Paolo Spinola, 3rd Marquis of the Balbases
  Paolo Spinola, , 3rd Marquis of the Balbases, 3rd Duke of San Severino and Sesto, was a Spanish noble and diplomat.He was the son of Filippo Spinola, 2nd Marquis of Los Balbases and Geronima Doria....
  
   and had issue including Carlo Antonio Spinola
  Carlo Antonio Spinola
  Carlo Filippo Antonio Spinola y Colonna, 4th marquis of the Balbases, , Viceroy of Sicily, 1707–1713, during the European military conflict known as Spanish Succession War holding the kingdom of Sicily for pretender, after recognized as king of Spain, Philip V of Spain...
  
  .

When Colonna's father died, it was revealed he had appointed his Cardinal son, Girolamo, as heir instead of his eldest son Frederico. The decision started a significant succession conflict upon his death. In the interim, while his older brothers fought over control of the duchy

Duchy

A duchy is a territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess.Some duchies were sovereign in areas that would become unified realms only during the Modern era . In contrast, others were subordinate districts of those kingdoms that unified either partially or completely during the Medieval era...

, Marcantonio Colonna served as Prince of Paliano. When Frederico died in 1641 (without issue) and Girolamo died (also without issue as was always likely considering he was a Cardinal), Marcantonio Colonna's son succeeded him as Prince and assumed the title of Duke

Duke

A duke or duchess is a member of the nobility, historically of highest rank below the monarch, and historically controlling a duchy...

as well.