Mana (woreda)
Encyclopedia
Mana is one of the 180 woreda
s in the Oromia Region
of Ethiopia
. Part of the Jimma Zone
, Mana is bordered on the south by Seka Chekorsa
, on the west by Gomma
, on the north by Limmu Kosa
, and on the east by Kersa
. The administrative center of this woreda is Yebu.
The landscape of Mana includes mountains, high forests and plain divided by valleys. Mountains include Weshi and Bebella. Rivers include Aniso, Doha
, Wanja, Yebu and Sogibo. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 89.1% is arable or cultivable (86.1% was under annual crops), 2.7% pasture, 2.8% forest, and the remaining 5.4% is considered swampy, degraded or otherwise unusable. Khat
is an important cash crop. Coffee
is another important cash crop for this woreda; over 5,000 hectares are planted with this crop. On 28 September, 2006, the Walta Information Center
reported that farmers in this woreda sold 99,850 quintals of washed and unwashed coffee beans, earning 27.3 million Birr
.
Industry in the woreda includes 10 grain mills, 7 coffee hulling and 6 coffee pulping mills. There were 22 Farmers Associations with 20,434 members and 12 Farmers Service Cooperatives with 16,256 members. Mana has 8.5 kilometers of dry-weather and "a few" kilometers of all-weather road, for a minimum average road density of 17.7 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers, which is far less than the Zonal average of 70 per 1000 square kilometers. About 61% of the urban and 17% of the rural population has access to drinking water
.
in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 160,096, of whom 80,481 are men and 79,615 are women; 5,471 or 3.42% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 12.3%. With an estimated area of 478.91 square kilometers, Mana has an estimated population density of 334.3 people per square kilometer, which is greater than the Zone average of 150.6.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 115,600, of whom 57,795 were men and 57,805 women; 3,059 or 2.65% of its population were urban dwellers at the time. The five largest ethnic groups reported in Mana were the Oromo
(82.6%), the Yem
(6.16%), the Kullo (5.79%), the Amhara
(2.02%), and the Kafficho (1.26%); all other ethnic groups made up 2.17% of the population. However according to one source, in the early 1990s 20 kebeles of this woreda had 17,000 members of the Yem, which would increase their percentage of the population. Oromiffa
was spoken as a first language by 88.71%, 4.1% spoke Amharic
, 3.28% spoke Kullo, and 2.55% spoke Yemsa
; the remaining 1.52% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim
, with 88.9% of the population having reported they practiced that belief, while 10.63% of the population said they professed Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.
Woreda
Woreda is an administrative division of Ethiopia , equivalent to a district . Woredas are composed of a number of Kebele, or neighborhood associations, which are the smallest unit of local government in Ethiopia...
s in the Oromia Region
Oromia Region
Oromia is one of the nine ethnic divisions of Ethiopia...
of Ethiopia
Ethiopia
Ethiopia , officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth-largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2...
. Part of the Jimma Zone
Jimma Zone
Jimma is one of the 17 Zones of the Ethiopian Region of Oromia. Jimma is named for the former Kingdom of Jimma, which was absorbed into the former province of Kaffa in 1932...
, Mana is bordered on the south by Seka Chekorsa
Seka Chekorsa (woreda)
Seka Chekorsa is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the administrative center, Seka Chekorsa. Part of the Jimma Zone, Seka Chekorsa is bordered on the south by the Gojeb River which separates it from the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, on...
, on the west by Gomma
Gomma (woreda)
Gomma is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named after the former Kingdom of Gomma, whose territory was roughly the same as the modern woreda...
, on the north by Limmu Kosa
Limmu Kosa
Limmu Kosa is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. It is named in part after the former kingdom of Limmu-Ennarea, whose territories included the area this woreda now covers...
, and on the east by Kersa
Kersa (Jimma)
Kersa is one of the 180 woredas in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Jimma Zone, Kersa is bordered on the south by Dedo, on the southwest by Seka Chekorsa, on the west by Mana, on the north by Limmu Kosa, on the northeast by Tiro Afeta, and on the southeast by Omo Nada...
. The administrative center of this woreda is Yebu.
The landscape of Mana includes mountains, high forests and plain divided by valleys. Mountains include Weshi and Bebella. Rivers include Aniso, Doha
Doha River
Doha River is a river in southwestern Ethiopia....
, Wanja, Yebu and Sogibo. A survey of the land in this woreda shows that 89.1% is arable or cultivable (86.1% was under annual crops), 2.7% pasture, 2.8% forest, and the remaining 5.4% is considered swampy, degraded or otherwise unusable. Khat
Khat
Khat, qat, gat or Waquish Spoken from true Yemeni, is a flowering plant native to tropical East Africa and the Arabian Peninsula....
is an important cash crop. Coffee
Coffee
Coffee is a brewed beverage with a dark,init brooo acidic flavor prepared from the roasted seeds of the coffee plant, colloquially called coffee beans. The beans are found in coffee cherries, which grow on trees cultivated in over 70 countries, primarily in equatorial Latin America, Southeast Asia,...
is another important cash crop for this woreda; over 5,000 hectares are planted with this crop. On 28 September, 2006, the Walta Information Center
Walta Information Center
Walta Information Center is a private news and information service that is based in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.-External links:*...
reported that farmers in this woreda sold 99,850 quintals of washed and unwashed coffee beans, earning 27.3 million Birr
Ethiopian birr
The birr is the unit of currency in Ethiopia. Before 1976, dollar was the official English translation of birr. Today, it is officially birr in English as well....
.
Industry in the woreda includes 10 grain mills, 7 coffee hulling and 6 coffee pulping mills. There were 22 Farmers Associations with 20,434 members and 12 Farmers Service Cooperatives with 16,256 members. Mana has 8.5 kilometers of dry-weather and "a few" kilometers of all-weather road, for a minimum average road density of 17.7 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers, which is far less than the Zonal average of 70 per 1000 square kilometers. About 61% of the urban and 17% of the rural population has access to drinking water
Water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia
Access to water supply and sanitation in Ethiopia is amongst the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa and the entire world. While access has increased substantially with funding from external aid, much still remains to be done to achieve the Millennium Development Goal of halving the share of people...
.
Population
Based on figures published by the Central Statistical AgencyCentral Statistical Agency (Ethiopia)
The Central Statistical Agency is an agency of the government of Ethiopia designated to provide all surveys and censuses for that country used to monitor economic and social growth, as well as to act as an official training center in that field. It is part of the Ethiopian Ministry of Finance and...
in 2005, this woreda has an estimated total population of 160,096, of whom 80,481 are men and 79,615 are women; 5,471 or 3.42% of its population are urban dwellers, which is less than the Zone average of 12.3%. With an estimated area of 478.91 square kilometers, Mana has an estimated population density of 334.3 people per square kilometer, which is greater than the Zone average of 150.6.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 115,600, of whom 57,795 were men and 57,805 women; 3,059 or 2.65% of its population were urban dwellers at the time. The five largest ethnic groups reported in Mana were the Oromo
Oromo people
The Oromo are an ethnic group found in Ethiopia, northern Kenya, .and parts of Somalia. With 30 million members, they constitute the single largest ethnic group in Ethiopia and approximately 34.49% of the population according to the 2007 census...
(82.6%), the Yem
Yem people
The Yem are an ethnic group living in south-western Ethiopia. They are also called by their neighbors as the Janjero, but the Yem consider this exonym derogatory, since it sounds similar to the Amharic word "zinjero" which means "monkey". Their native language is Yemsa, one of the Omotic languages,...
(6.16%), the Kullo (5.79%), the Amhara
Amhara people
Amhara are a highland people inhabiting the Northwestern highlands of Ethiopia. Numbering about 19.8 million people, they comprise 26% of the country's population, according to the 2007 national census...
(2.02%), and the Kafficho (1.26%); all other ethnic groups made up 2.17% of the population. However according to one source, in the early 1990s 20 kebeles of this woreda had 17,000 members of the Yem, which would increase their percentage of the population. Oromiffa
Oromo language
Oromo, also known as Afaan Oromo, Oromiffa, Afan Boran, Afan Orma, and sometimes in other languages by variant spellings of these names , is an Afro-Asiatic language, and the most widely spoken of the Cushitic family. Forms of Oromo are spoken as a first language by more than 25 million Oromo and...
was spoken as a first language by 88.71%, 4.1% spoke Amharic
Amharic language
Amharic is a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia. It is the second most-spoken Semitic language in the world, after Arabic, and the official working language of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Thus, it has official status and is used nationwide. Amharic is also the official or working...
, 3.28% spoke Kullo, and 2.55% spoke Yemsa
Yemsa language
Yemsa is the language of the Yem people of the former Kingdom of Yamma, known as Kingdom of Janjero to the Amhara. It is a member of the Omotic group of languages, most closely related to Kaffa. It is distinctive in having a several levels of lexicon contingent on social hierarchy, rather like...
; the remaining 1.52% spoke all other primary languages reported. The majority of the inhabitants were Muslim
Islam in Ethiopia
According to the latest 2007 national census, Islam is the second most widely practised religion in Ethiopia after Christianity, with over 25 million of Ethiopians adhering to Islam according to the 2007 national census, having arrived in Ethiopia in 615...
, with 88.9% of the population having reported they practiced that belief, while 10.63% of the population said they professed Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity.