Man Mocked by Two Women
Encyclopedia
Man Mocked by Two Women or Women Laughing or (Spanish: Dos Mujeres y un hombre) or The Ministration (Spanish: Dos Mujeres Y Un Hombre) are names given to a fresco painting likely completed between 1820–1823 by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya
.
It is one of Goya's 14 "Black Paintings
", a series created in despair near the end of his life, and is oppressively dark in both mood and colour. It shows two women with maniacal smiles seemingly laughing at a simple-minded man masturbating at the left hand of the picture. Despite their jeers, the woman to the right is also likely masturbating which -in the absence of any written or oral comment from Goya on any work on the series- art critics and historians believe lends to the image's futile and sterile intent.
, his final major series, which were executed in oil directly onto the plaster walls of the house he was living in outside Madrid. Goya did not intend for any of these paintings to be seen by others; they were executed during an intense period of physical, mental and political disillusionment, and he never spoke or wrote about them. Although today they are considered amongst the most important works of his output, it was not until some 50 years after his death, around 1874, that they were taken down and transferred to a canvas support.
Fred Licht, "The sickly grin of his face certainly seems indicative of some sort of sexual compulsion".
The two women are likely prostitutes, and leer with mocking expressions and broad sinister smiles, seemingly ignoring the male figure. Some critics have speculated that the lower, concealed, portion of the canvas hides the fact that the woman on the far right is also masturbating. Support for this view draws from the strange smiles and expressions on both women's faces, which are equally grotesque as the man's. According to Licht,
Like most of the other works in the series, x-ray shows that the canvas was repainted and reworked before the final version was settled on. The position of the foremost figure's hand changed, and it is possible that the two female figures were, in an early version, shown reading a book resting on a man's knees. Licht notes this contradictory approach to sexuality in many of Goya's works; while he was unflinching and realistic "to the point of crass" in depicting humanity as it actually is, he was often coy, reserved, and almost prudish in depicting sexual scenes, usually hiding or obscuring genitals, even in his depictions of naked male flayed figures in his "The Disasters of War
" etchings.
Although the 14 paintings in the series are not linked thematically, they share characteristics. They are all predominantly dark; Goya began each with a thick overlay of black paint on top of which he etched the figures with lighter shades of whites, grays, blues and green. As with the current work, they are painted with broad slashing brush strokes. And as with this work, each has at the center what Robert Hughes
describes as "a gaping hole...[a] gaping void" - the subject's open mouth. Women Laughing is often seen as a companion piece to Men Reading
; both are vertical rather than horizontal and smaller in scale than the other works. Both are thematically less dark than the other works in the series, although they are chromatically darker.
According to the c. 1828-30 inventory of Goya's friend, Antonio Brugada
, Women Laughing was situated opposite Men Reading on the smaller walls of the upper floor of the Quinta. Today it is housed in the Museo del Prado
, Madrid.
Francisco Goya
Francisco José de Goya y Lucientes was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns. Goya was a court painter to the Spanish Crown, and through his works was both a commentator on and chronicler of his era...
.
It is one of Goya's 14 "Black Paintings
Black Paintings
The Black Paintings is the name given to a group of paintings by Francisco Goya from the later years of his life, likely between 1819–1823. They portray intense, haunting themes, reflective of both his fear of insanity and by then, his bleak outlook on humanity...
", a series created in despair near the end of his life, and is oppressively dark in both mood and colour. It shows two women with maniacal smiles seemingly laughing at a simple-minded man masturbating at the left hand of the picture. Despite their jeers, the woman to the right is also likely masturbating which -in the absence of any written or oral comment from Goya on any work on the series- art critics and historians believe lends to the image's futile and sterile intent.
Background
At the age of 75, living alone and in mental and physical despair, he completed the work as one of his 14 Black PaintingsBlack Paintings
The Black Paintings is the name given to a group of paintings by Francisco Goya from the later years of his life, likely between 1819–1823. They portray intense, haunting themes, reflective of both his fear of insanity and by then, his bleak outlook on humanity...
, his final major series, which were executed in oil directly onto the plaster walls of the house he was living in outside Madrid. Goya did not intend for any of these paintings to be seen by others; they were executed during an intense period of physical, mental and political disillusionment, and he never spoke or wrote about them. Although today they are considered amongst the most important works of his output, it was not until some 50 years after his death, around 1874, that they were taken down and transferred to a canvas support.
Description
The work shows three figures, two witch-like women and the profile of a man at the lower left of the canvas, huddled together against a black background and lit from the front left. The intended meaning of the work is highly obscure. The background is devoid of setting or detail, and no context is given as to who these people might be, what they are captured doing, or where the scene is set. The figure to the lower left is generally presumed to be male. His hands are around his crotch, he appears to be either masturbating, exposing himself, or mentally retarded; according to art criticArt critic
An art critic is a person who specializes in evaluating art. Their written critiques, or reviews, are published in newspapers, magazines, books and on web sites...
Fred Licht, "The sickly grin of his face certainly seems indicative of some sort of sexual compulsion".
The two women are likely prostitutes, and leer with mocking expressions and broad sinister smiles, seemingly ignoring the male figure. Some critics have speculated that the lower, concealed, portion of the canvas hides the fact that the woman on the far right is also masturbating. Support for this view draws from the strange smiles and expressions on both women's faces, which are equally grotesque as the man's. According to Licht,
- "There may be an element of self-mockery in this painting, some equation between the ironic loneliness of the exhibitionist (whose aim of attracting people is constantly thwarted by the means he obsessively adopts to capture attention) and the artist who also bares himself without shame or restraint and who is also doomed to being railed at as an aberration."
Like most of the other works in the series, x-ray shows that the canvas was repainted and reworked before the final version was settled on. The position of the foremost figure's hand changed, and it is possible that the two female figures were, in an early version, shown reading a book resting on a man's knees. Licht notes this contradictory approach to sexuality in many of Goya's works; while he was unflinching and realistic "to the point of crass" in depicting humanity as it actually is, he was often coy, reserved, and almost prudish in depicting sexual scenes, usually hiding or obscuring genitals, even in his depictions of naked male flayed figures in his "The Disasters of War
The Disasters of War
The Disasters of War are a series of 8280 prints in the first published edition , for which the last two plates were not available. See "Execution". prints created between 1810 and 1820 by the Spanish painter and printmaker Francisco Goya...
" etchings.
Although the 14 paintings in the series are not linked thematically, they share characteristics. They are all predominantly dark; Goya began each with a thick overlay of black paint on top of which he etched the figures with lighter shades of whites, grays, blues and green. As with the current work, they are painted with broad slashing brush strokes. And as with this work, each has at the center what Robert Hughes
Robert Hughes (critic)
Robert Studley Forrest Hughes, AO is an Australian-born art critic, writer and television documentary maker who has resided in New York since 1970.-Early life:...
describes as "a gaping hole...[a] gaping void" - the subject's open mouth. Women Laughing is often seen as a companion piece to Men Reading
Men Reading
Men Reading or The Reading or Politicians are names given to a fresco painting likely completed between 1820–1823 by the Spanish artist Francisco Goya...
; both are vertical rather than horizontal and smaller in scale than the other works. Both are thematically less dark than the other works in the series, although they are chromatically darker.
According to the c. 1828-30 inventory of Goya's friend, Antonio Brugada
Antonio Brugada
Antonio Brugada was a Spanish painter. Brugada is best known for his dramatic seascapes.Brugada was a friend of Francisco Goya, and was instrumental in cataloguing, and idetifying some of the mythological figures in Goya's c. 1823 "Black paintings" series.-Sources:*...
, Women Laughing was situated opposite Men Reading on the smaller walls of the upper floor of the Quinta. Today it is housed in the Museo del Prado
Museo del Prado
The Museo del Prado is the main Spanish national art museum, located in central Madrid. It features one of the world's finest collections of European art, from the 12th century to the early 19th century, based on the former Spanish Royal Collection, and unquestionably the best single collection of...
, Madrid.