Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus
Encyclopedia
Lucius Arruntius Camillus Scribonianus was a Roman usurper
Roman usurper
Usurpers are individuals or groups of individuals who obtain and maintain the power or rights of another by force and without legal authority. Usurpation was endemic during roman imperial era, especially from the crisis of the third century onwards, when political instability became the rule.The...

 who attempted to overthrow the newly installed Emperor Claudius
Claudius
Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...

 in 41 CE.

Career

Scribonianus was reportedly the biological son of Marcus Furius Camillus
Marcus Furius Camillus (consul of 8 AD)
Marcus Furius Camillus, the consul of 8, was a close friend of the emperor Tiberius.He was the father of Livia Medullina who was betrothed to Claudius allegedly at Tiberius's instigation to reward a loyal friend; however, Livia died the day of her wedding, in 9 AD or 10 AD.Camillus was also the ...

 and brother to Livia Medullina
Livia Medullina
Livia Medullina Camilla was the second fiancee of the Emperor Claudius. She was the daughter of M. Furius Camillus, the consul of 8, who was a close friend of the Emperor Tiberius. Her adoptive brother was L...

, the second fiancee of Claudius
Claudius
Claudius , was Roman Emperor from 41 to 54. A member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, he was the son of Drusus and Antonia Minor. He was born at Lugdunum in Gaul and was the first Roman Emperor to be born outside Italy...

. He became the adopted son of Lucius Arruntius (consul 6 CE), and grandson of L. Arruntius (consul 22 BCE). Scribonianus became consul in 32 CE with Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus (biological father of Nero).

One of the people considered for the position of emperor after the death of Gaius Caligula, despite his near-relationship to Claudius, he nevertheless instigated a revolt against Claudius in 41 CE while imperial legate
Legatus
A legatus was a general in the Roman army, equivalent to a modern general officer. Being of senatorial rank, his immediate superior was the dux, and he outranked all military tribunes...

 of Dalmatia
Dalmatia (Roman province)
Dalmatia was an ancient Roman province. Its name is probably derived from the name of an Illyrian tribe called the Dalmatae which lived in the area of the eastern Adriatic coast in Classical antiquity....

. Approached by the influential senator Annius Vinicianus with a plot to overthrow Claudius, he was proclaimed imperator
Imperator
The Latin word Imperator was originally a title roughly equivalent to commander under the Roman Republic. Later it became a part of the titulature of the Roman Emperors as part of their cognomen. The English word emperor derives from imperator via Old French Empreur...

 by his troops, as Annius waited in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

 for his arrival. The rebellion failed when Scribonianus announced his intention to restore the Republic
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization where the government operated as a republic. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, traditionally dated around 508 BC, and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and...

, causing his troops to turn against him, and forcing him to flee to the island of Issa
Vis (island)
Vis is the most outerly lying larger Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea, and is part of the Central Dalmatian group of islands, with an area of 90.26 km² and a population of 3,617 . Of all the inhabited Croatian islands, it is the farthest from the coast...

. Here he committed suicide. Imperial propaganda later declared that divine intervention prevented the standards of the legions from being pulled from the ground, causing the soldiers to turn against Scribonianus and kill him.

A son survived him and was permitted to assume the post of quaestor
Quaestor
A Quaestor was a type of public official in the "Cursus honorum" system who supervised financial affairs. In the Roman Republic a quaestor was an elected official whereas, with the autocratic government of the Roman Empire, quaestors were simply appointed....

 under Claudius in 49 CE.

Sources

  • (Primary Source) Cassius Dio. Roman History Book 60
  • (Primary Source) Suetonius
    Suetonius
    Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, commonly known as Suetonius , was a Roman historian belonging to the equestrian order in the early Imperial era....

    . The Twelve Caesars, Life of Claudius.
  • Hazel, John. Who’s Who In The Roman World. Routledge. London. 2001
  • Lendering, Jona. Marcus Furius Camillus. www.livius.org
  • Levick, Barbara
    Barbara Levick
    Barbara M. Levick is a British historian, specializing in ancient history. She was educated at St Hugh's College, Oxford, and, since 1959, has been a Fellow of St Hilda's College, Oxford...

    . Claudius. Yale University Press. New Haven.
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