List of conflicts in the Maghreb
Encyclopedia
Note:
  • "Modern" is defined as post-WWI period ((post-colonial
    Colonialism
    Colonialism is the establishment, maintenance, acquisition and expansion of colonies in one territory by people from another territory. It is a process whereby the metropole claims sovereignty over the colony and the social structure, government, and economics of the colony are changed by...

    )), from 1918 until today.
  • "North Africa" definition is approximately overlapping the Arab term Maghreb
  • "Conflict" is defined as a separate 100+ casualty incident.
  • In all cases conflicts are listed by total deaths, including subconflicts (specified below).

List of conflicts

Date Conflict Location Casualties
1919 Egyptian Revolution of 1919
Egyptian Revolution of 1919
The Egyptian Revolution of 1919 was a countrywide revolution against the British occupation of Egypt and Sudan. It was carried out by Egyptians and Sudanese from different walks of life in the wake of the British-ordered exile of revolutionary leader Saad Zaghlul, and other members of the Wafd...

 
  Sultanate of Egypt
Sultanate of Egypt
The Sultanate of Egypt is the name of the short-lived protectorate that the United Kingdom imposed over Egypt between 1914 and 1922.-History:...

800-3,000
1920-1926 Rif War
Rif War
The Rif War, also called the Second Moroccan War, was fought between Spain and the Moroccan Rif Berbers.-Rifian forces:...

Republic of the Rif
Republic of the Rif
The Republic of the Rif , was created in September 1921, when the people of the Rif revolted and declared their independence from Spanish occupation as well as from the Moroccan sultan.Its capital city was Ajdir, its currency the Rif Republic Riffan, its national...

46,400
1939–1945 Mediterranean, Middle East and African theatres of World War II    Kingdom of Egypt
Kingdom of Egypt
The Kingdom of Egypt was the first modern Egyptian state, lasting from 1922 to 1953. The Kingdom was created in 1922 when the British government unilaterally ended its protectorate over Egypt, in place since 1914. Sultan Fuad I became the first king of the new state...

1,000,000
1946 Egyptian Student Riots   Kingdom of Egypt
Kingdom of Egypt
The Kingdom of Egypt was the first modern Egyptian state, lasting from 1922 to 1953. The Kingdom was created in 1922 when the British government unilaterally ended its protectorate over Egypt, in place since 1914. Sultan Fuad I became the first king of the new state...

100–300
1952 Egyptian Revolution of 1952    Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...

1,000
1955-1972 First Sudanese Civil War
First Sudanese Civil War
The First Sudanese Civil War was a conflict from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region that demanded representation and more regional autonomy...

 Sudan 500,000
1954-1962 Algerian War of Independence  Algeria 179,000-1,500,000
1957-1958 Ifni War
Ifni War
The Ifni War, sometimes called the Forgotten War in Spain , was a series of armed incursions into Spanish West Africa by Moroccan insurgents and Sahrawi rebels that began in October 1957 and culminated with the abortive siege of Sidi Ifni.The war, which may be seen as part of the general movement...

 Morocco 8,400
1961 Bizerte crisis
Bizerte crisis
The Bizerte Crisis occurred in July 1961 when Tunisia imposed a blockade on the French naval base at Bizerte, Tunisia, hoping to force its evacuation...

 Tunisia 654
1963-1964 Sand War
Sand War
The Sand War or Sands War occurred along the Algerian-Moroccan border in October 1963, and was a Moroccan attempt to claim the Tindouf and the Béchar areas that France had annexed to French Algeria a few decades earlier.- Background :...

 Morocco,  Algeria 339
1965-1979 Civil war in Chad
Civil war in Chad (1965–1979)
The First Chadian Civil War started in 1965/66, with riots and insurgency against Chadian president François Tombalbaye's rule, known for its authoritarianism and distrust of democracy.-Precedents:...

 Chad 500+
1975 Polisario Front
Polisario Front
The POLISARIO, Polisario Front, or Frente Polisario, from the Spanish abbreviation of Frente Popular de Liberación de Saguía el Hamra y Río de Oro is a Sahrawi rebel national liberation movement working for the independence of Western Sahara from Morocco...

 dispute for independence
 Morocco, SADR
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a partially recognised state that claims sovereignty over the entire territory of Western Sahara, a former Spanish colony. SADR was proclaimed by the Polisario Front on February 27, 1976, in Bir Lehlu, Western Sahara. The SADR government controls about...

,  Algeria
14,000-21,000
1977 Libyan–Egyptian War  ,  Libya 500
1977 1977 Egyptian Bread Riots
1977 Egyptian Bread Riots
The Egyptian 'Bread Riots' of 1977 affected most major cities in Egypt from January 18-19, 1977. The riots were a spontaneous uprising by hundreds of thousands of lower class people protesting World Bank and International Monetary Fund-mandated termination of state subsidies on basic foodstuffs...

 
 Egypt 70–800
1978-1987 Chadian–Libyan conflict  Egypt,  Chad 8,500
1979-1982 Civil conflict in Chad  Chad
1983-2005 Second Sudanese Civil War
Second Sudanese Civil War
The Second Sudanese Civil War started in 1983, although it was largely a continuation of the First Sudanese Civil War of 1955 to 1972. Although it originated in southern Sudan, the civil war spread to the Nuba mountains and Blue Nile by the end of the 1980s....

 Sudan 1,000,000-2,500,000
1986 1986 Egyptian Conscription Riot   Egypt 107
1992–2000 Terrorism in Egypt
Terrorism in Egypt
Terrorism in Egypt refers to terrorist attacks in Egypt, many of them linked to Islamic extremism. Targets have included government officials, police, tourists and the Christian minority...

 
 Egypt 1,300–2,000
1992-2002 Algerian Civil War
Algerian Civil War
The Algerian Civil War was an armed conflict between the Algerian government and various Islamist rebel groups which began in 1991. It is estimated to have cost between 150,000 and 200,000 lives, in a population of about 25,010,000 in 1990 and 31,193,917 in 2000.More than 70 journalists were...

 Algeria 150,000-200,000
1990-1995 Tuareg Rebellion (1990–1995)  Mali  Niger 650-1,500
2002- Insurgency in the Maghreb
Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)
The Maghreb has been the subject of an insurgency since 2002 waged by the neo-Khawarij Islamist militia, Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat, or, GSPC...

 Morocco,  Algeria,  Mauritania,  Niger,  Mali 6,000
2005-2010 Civil war in Chad (2005–2010)  Chad  Sudan 1,140
2007-2009 Second Tuareg Rebellion  Mali  Niger 350-1,330
2010– Arab Spring
Arab Spring
The Arab Spring , otherwise known as the Arab Awakening, is a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests occurring in the Arab world that began on Saturday, 18 December 2010...

 Tunisia,  Egypt,  Libya,  Sudan,  Morocco,  Algeria, SADR
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is a partially recognised state that claims sovereignty over the entire territory of Western Sahara, a former Spanish colony. SADR was proclaimed by the Polisario Front on February 27, 1976, in Bir Lehlu, Western Sahara. The SADR government controls about...

26,000-31,000
2011 Sudan–SPLM-N conflict
Sudan–SPLM-N conflict (2011)
The Sudan–SPLM-N conflict is an ongoing conflict in 2011 between the Army of Sudan and the Sudanese Revolutionary Front, particularly the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-North , a northern affiliate of the Sudan People's Liberation Army/Movement in South Sudan...

 Sudan 1,500

Casualties breakdown

[a].North African Campaign
North African campaign
During the Second World War, the North African Campaign took place in North Africa from 10 June 1940 to 13 May 1943. It included campaigns fought in the Libyan and Egyptian deserts and in Morocco and Algeria and Tunisia .The campaign was fought between the Allies and Axis powers, many of whom had...

 (combined figure ~1,000,000 killed):
Western Desert Campaign
Western Desert Campaign
The Western Desert Campaign, also known as the Desert War, was the initial stage of the North African Campaign during the Second World War. The campaign was heavily influenced by the availability of supplies and transport. The ability of the Allied forces, operating from besieged Malta, to...

 - 50,000 casualties
Battle of Cape Bon - 900+ casualties
Raid on Alexandria (1941)
Raid on Alexandria (1941)
The Raid on Alexandria was carried out on 19 December 1941 by Italian Navy forces attacking Royal Navy forces in the harbour of Alexandria.-Background:...

 - 8 casualties
Action off Cape Bougaroun
Action off Cape Bougaroun
The Action off Cape Bougaroun, or the Attack on Convoy KMF-25A was a Luftwaffe action against an Allied naval convoy off the coast of Algeria during World War II. The convoy of American, British, Greek and Dutch ships was attacked on November 6, 1943 by twenty-five German land based aircraft. Six...

 - 27 killed
Mers al-Kbir - 1,299 killed
Operation Torch
Operation Torch
Operation Torch was the British-American invasion of French North Africa in World War II during the North African Campaign, started on 8 November 1942....

 - 1,825 killed
Tunisia campaign
Tunisia Campaign
The Tunisia Campaign was a series of battles that took place in Tunisia during the North African Campaign of the Second World War, between Axis and Allied forces. The Allies consisted of British Imperial Forces, including Polish and Greek contingents, with American and French corps...

 - ~376,000 killed


[b].Polisario Front
Polisario Front
The POLISARIO, Polisario Front, or Frente Polisario, from the Spanish abbreviation of Frente Popular de Liberación de Saguía el Hamra y Río de Oro is a Sahrawi rebel national liberation movement working for the independence of Western Sahara from Morocco...

 dispute for independence combined casualties 14,000:
Western Sahara War
Western Sahara War
The Western Sahara War was an armed conflict primarily between the Polisario Front and Morocco, the conflict erupted after the withdrawal of Spain from the Spanish Sahara in accordance with the Madrid Accords by which it gave administrative control of the territory to Morocco and Mauritania...

 - 7,000 Moroccan, Mauritianian and French soldiers killed; 4,000 Polisario killed; 3,000 civilians killed.
Independence Intifada (Western Sahara)
Gdeim Izik protest camp - 18-36 killed.


[c].Tuarge rebellion (1990-1995) combined casualties at least 650-1,500:
Tchin-Tabaradene massacre - 650-1,500 civilians killed.


[d].Arab Spring
Arab Spring
The Arab Spring , otherwise known as the Arab Awakening, is a revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests occurring in the Arab world that began on Saturday, 18 December 2010...

 combined casualty figure 26,200-31,200:
2011 Egyptian Revolution
2011 Egyptian revolution
The 2011 Egyptian revolution took place following a popular uprising that began on Tuesday, 25 January 2011 and is still continuing as of November 2011. The uprising was mainly a campaign of non-violent civil resistance, which featured a series of demonstrations, marches, acts of civil...

 - 846 killed
Timeline of the 2011 Egyptian revolution under Supreme Council of the Armed Forces - 72 killed.
Tunisian Revolution
Tunisian revolution
The Tunisian Revolution is an intensive campaign of civil resistance, including a series of street demonstrations taking place in Tunisia. The events began in December 2010 and led to the ousting of longtime President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in January 2011...

 - 224 killed
2011 Libyan civil war
2011 Libyan civil war
The 2011 Libyan civil war was an armed conflict in the North African state of Libya, fought between forces loyal to Colonel Muammar Gaddafi and those seeking to oust his government. The war was preceded by protests in Benghazi beginning on 15 February 2011, which led to clashes with security...

 - 25,000-30,000 killed
2011 Western Saharan protests
2011 Western Saharan protests
The 2011 Western Saharan protests began on 26 February 2011 as a reaction to the failure of police to prevent anti-Sahrawi looting in the city of Dakhla, Western Sahara, and blossomed into protests across the territory...

 - 1 killed
2010–2011 Algerian protests
2010–2011 Algerian protests
The 2010–2011 Algerian protests are a continuing series of protests taking place throughout Algeria from 28 December 2010 onwards, part of similar protests across the Middle East and North Africa. Causes cited by the protestors include unemployment, the lack of housing, food-price inflation,...

 - 8 killed
2011 Moroccan protests
2011 Moroccan protests
The 2011 Moroccan protests are a series of demonstrations across Morocco and the Moroccan-controlled Western Saharan territory which began on 20 February 2011 and are influenced by other protests in the region.-Origin:...

 - 1 killed
2011 Sudanese protests
2011 Sudanese protests
The 2011 Sudanese protests came in the wake of the 2010–2011 Middle East and North Africa protests. Unlike other Arab countries, popular uprisings in Sudan have managed to topple the government, twice, in 1964 and 1985.-Background:...

 - 1 killed

See also

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
x
OK