List of WLAN channels
Encyclopedia
The List of WLAN channels is the set of legally allowed Wireless LAN
channels using IEEE 802.11
.
The 802.11 workgroup currently documents use in three distinct frequency
ranges, 2.4 GHz
, 3.6 GHz and 4.9/5.0 GHz bands. Each range is divided into multitude of channels
. Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. In some countries, such as the United States, licensed Amateur Radio
operators may use some of the channels at much higher power for long distance wireless access.
Potential Wireless LAN
uses of this range are documented by IEEE 802.11 clauses 18 (802.11b), 19 (802.11g) and 20 (802.11n). IEEE 802.11 clauses 14 and 15 also specify potential uses of this range, but did not see widespread implementation.
Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Consult your local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. Most of the world will allow the first thirteen channels in the spectrum.
Earlier, in Spain the only allowable channels were 10–11, and in France 10–13. These restrictions have been removed since, and these countries are currently following the common European policy (channels 1–13).
In the USA, 802.11 operation in the channels 12 and 13 is actually allowed under low powered conditions. The 2.4 GHz Part 15 band in the US allows spread-spectrum operation as long as the 50-dB bandwidth of the signal is within the range of 2400–2483.5 MHz which wholly encompasses both channels 12 and 13. A Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) document clarifies that only channel 14 is forbidden and furthermore low-power transmitters with low-gain antennas may legally operate in channels 12 and 13. However, channels 12 and 13 are not normally used in order to avoid any potential interference in the adjacent restricted frequency band, 2483.5–2500 MHz, which is subject to strict emission limits set out in 47 CFR §15.205.
In Canada, 12 channels are available for use, 11 of which at full power and channel 12's transmit power limited. However, few devices have a method to enable a lower powered channel 12.
Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and CCK
modes (Clause 18 a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e. 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 §19.4.2)
Outdoor use of channels 1-4 is not allowed in Israel, although indoor use is permitted.
This range is documented as only being allowed as a licensed band in the United States. Please see IEEE 802.11y
for details.
Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges.
Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Consult your local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time.
In 2007 the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices in operating on 5.250 - 5.350 GHz and 5.47 - 5.725 GHz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications. In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5470 MHz - 5725 MHz band to avoid interference with Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) systems. This statement eliminated the use of channels 120, 124, and 128. Channels 116 and 132 may be used, so long as they are separated by more than 30MHz (center-to-center) from a TDWR location which is within 35km of the device.
Germany requires dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities on 5.250 - 5.350 GHz and 5.47 - 5.725 GHz as well, in addition the frequency range 5.150 - 5.250 GHz is only allowed for indoor use.
Since this is the German implementation of EU-Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.
Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.
South Africa simply copied the European regulations.
Japan allows 34,38,42 and 46 channels for connecting J52 supported old APs.
Wireless LAN
A wireless local area network links two or more devices using some wireless distribution method , and usually providing a connection through an access point to the wider internet. This gives users the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be connected to the network...
channels using IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.11
IEEE 802.11 is a set of standards for implementing wireless local area network computer communication in the 2.4, 3.6 and 5 GHz frequency bands. They are created and maintained by the IEEE LAN/MAN Standards Committee . The base version of the standard IEEE 802.11-2007 has had subsequent...
.
The 802.11 workgroup currently documents use in three distinct frequency
Frequency
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit time. It is also referred to as temporal frequency.The period is the duration of one cycle in a repeating event, so the period is the reciprocal of the frequency...
ranges, 2.4 GHz
GHZ
GHZ or GHz may refer to:# Gigahertz .# Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state — a quantum entanglement of three particles.# Galactic Habitable Zone — the region of a galaxy that is favorable to the formation of life....
, 3.6 GHz and 4.9/5.0 GHz bands. Each range is divided into multitude of channels
Channel (communications)
In telecommunications and computer networking, a communication channel, or channel, refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel...
. Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. In some countries, such as the United States, licensed Amateur Radio
Amateur radio
Amateur radio is the use of designated radio frequency spectrum for purposes of private recreation, non-commercial exchange of messages, wireless experimentation, self-training, and emergency communication...
operators may use some of the channels at much higher power for long distance wireless access.
2.4 GHz (802.11b/g/n)
There are 14 channels designated in the 2.4 GHz range spaced 5 MHz apart (with the exception of a 12 MHz spacing before Channel 14). As the protocol requires 25 MHz of channel separation, adjacent channels overlap and will interfere with each other. Consequently, using only channels 1, 6, 11 is recommended in the US to avoid interference. In the rest of the world, the four channels 1, 5, 9, 13 are recommended.Potential Wireless LAN
Wireless LAN
A wireless local area network links two or more devices using some wireless distribution method , and usually providing a connection through an access point to the wider internet. This gives users the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be connected to the network...
uses of this range are documented by IEEE 802.11 clauses 18 (802.11b), 19 (802.11g) and 20 (802.11n). IEEE 802.11 clauses 14 and 15 also specify potential uses of this range, but did not see widespread implementation.
Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Consult your local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time. Most of the world will allow the first thirteen channels in the spectrum.
| channel | frequency (MHz) |
North America |
Japan | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1* | 2412 | |||
| 2 | 2417 | |||
| 3 | 2422 | |||
| 4 | 2427 | |||
| 5* | 2432 | |||
| 6 | 2437 | |||
| 7 | 2442 | |||
| 8 | 2447 | |||
| 9* | 2452 | |||
| 10 | 2457 | |||
| 11 | 2462 | |||
| 12 | 2467 | |||
| 13* | 2472 | |||
| 14 | 2484 | |||
| *With 802.11g and newer only the channels 1, 5, 9, and 13 shall be used in order to obey the non-overlapping 20 MHz OFDM channel scheme borrowed from 802.11a. |
||||
Earlier, in Spain the only allowable channels were 10–11, and in France 10–13. These restrictions have been removed since, and these countries are currently following the common European policy (channels 1–13).
In the USA, 802.11 operation in the channels 12 and 13 is actually allowed under low powered conditions. The 2.4 GHz Part 15 band in the US allows spread-spectrum operation as long as the 50-dB bandwidth of the signal is within the range of 2400–2483.5 MHz which wholly encompasses both channels 12 and 13. A Federal Communications Commission
Federal Communications Commission
The Federal Communications Commission is an independent agency of the United States government, created, Congressional statute , and with the majority of its commissioners appointed by the current President. The FCC works towards six goals in the areas of broadband, competition, the spectrum, the...
(FCC) document clarifies that only channel 14 is forbidden and furthermore low-power transmitters with low-gain antennas may legally operate in channels 12 and 13. However, channels 12 and 13 are not normally used in order to avoid any potential interference in the adjacent restricted frequency band, 2483.5–2500 MHz, which is subject to strict emission limits set out in 47 CFR §15.205.
In Canada, 12 channels are available for use, 11 of which at full power and channel 12's transmit power limited. However, few devices have a method to enable a lower powered channel 12.
Channel 14 is valid only for DSSS and CCK
Complementary code keying
Complementary Code Keying is a modulation scheme used with wireless networks that employ the IEEE 802.11b specification. In 1999, CCK was adopted to supplement the Barker code in wireless digital networks to achieve data rate higher than 2 Mbit/s at the expense of shorter distance...
modes (Clause 18 a.k.a. 802.11b) in Japan. OFDM (i.e. 802.11g) may not be used. (IEEE 802.11-2007 §19.4.2)
Outdoor use of channels 1-4 is not allowed in Israel, although indoor use is permitted.
3.6 GHz (802.11y)
Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11y-2008This range is documented as only being allowed as a licensed band in the United States. Please see IEEE 802.11y
IEEE 802.11y
IEEE 802.11y-2008 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 standard that enables high powered Wi-Fi equipment to operate on a co-primary basis in the 3650 to 3700 MHz band in the United States, except when near a grandfathered satellite earth station...
for details.
Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges.
| channel | frequency (MHz) |
United States | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 MHz | 10 MHz | 20 MHz | ||
| 131 | 3657.5 | |||
| 132 | 3662.5 | |||
| 132 | 3660.0 | |||
| 133 | 3667.5 | |||
| 133 | 3665.0 | |||
| 134 | 3672.5 | |||
| 134 | 3670.0 | |||
| 135 | 3677.5 | |||
| 136 | 3682.5 | |||
| 136 | 3680.0 | |||
| 137 | 3687.5 | |||
| 137 | 3685.0 | |||
| 138 | 3689.5 | |||
| 138 | 3690.0 | |||
5 GHz (802.11a/h/j/n)
Except where noted, all information taken from Annex J of IEEE 802.11-2007 modified by amendments k, y and n.Countries apply their own regulations to both the allowable channels, allowed users and maximum power levels within these frequency ranges. Consult your local authorities as these regulations may be out of date as they are subject to change at any time.
In 2007 the FCC (United States) began requiring that devices in operating on 5.250 - 5.350 GHz and 5.47 - 5.725 GHz must employ dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities. This is to avoid interference with weather-radar and military applications. In 2010, the FCC further clarified the use of channels in the 5470 MHz - 5725 MHz band to avoid interference with Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) systems. This statement eliminated the use of channels 120, 124, and 128. Channels 116 and 132 may be used, so long as they are separated by more than 30MHz (center-to-center) from a TDWR location which is within 35km of the device.
Germany requires dynamic frequency selection (DFS) and transmit power control (TPC) capabilities on 5.250 - 5.350 GHz and 5.47 - 5.725 GHz as well, in addition the frequency range 5.150 - 5.250 GHz is only allowed for indoor use.
Since this is the German implementation of EU-Rule 2005/513/EC, similar regulations must be expected throughout the European Union.
Austria adopted Decision 2005/513/EC directly into national law.
South Africa simply copied the European regulations.
Japan allows 34,38,42 and 46 channels for connecting J52 supported old APs.
| channel | frequency (MHz) |
United States | Europe | Japan | Singapore | China | Israel | Korea | Turkey | Australia | South Africa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40/20 MHz | 40/20 MHz | 40/20 MHz | 10 MHz | 40/20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 40/20 MHz | 40/20 MHz | 40/20 MHz | ||
| 183 | 4915 | |||||||||||
| 184 | 4920 | |||||||||||
| 185 | 4925 | |||||||||||
| 187 | 4935 | |||||||||||
| 188 | 4940 | |||||||||||
| 189 | 4945 | |||||||||||
| 192 | 4960 | |||||||||||
| 196 | 4980 | |||||||||||
| 7 | 5035 | |||||||||||
| 8 | 5040 | |||||||||||
| 9 | 5045 | |||||||||||
| 11 | 5055 | |||||||||||
| 12 | 5060 | |||||||||||
| 16 | 5080 | |||||||||||
| 34 | 5170 | -clientonly | -indoors | -indoors | ||||||||
| 36 | 5180 | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||||
| 38 | 5190 | -clientonly | -indoors | -indoors | ||||||||
| 40 | 5200 | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||||
| 42 | 5210 | -clientonly | -indoors | -indoors | ||||||||
| 44 | 5220 | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||||
| 46 | 5230 | -clientonly | -indoors | -indoors | ||||||||
| 48 | 5240 | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||||
| 52 | 5260 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||
| 56 | 5280 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||
| 60 | 5300 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||
| 64 | 5320 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -indoors | -indoors | |||||||
| 100 | 5500 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 104 | 5520 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 108 | 5540 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 112 | 5560 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 116 | 5580 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 120 | 5600 | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | |||||||||
| 124 | 5620 | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | |||||||||
| 128 | 5640 | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | |||||||||
| 132 | 5660 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 136 | 5680 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 140 | 5700 | -w/DFS | -DFS/TPC | -DFS/TPC | ||||||||
| 149 | 5745 | |||||||||||
| 153 | 5765 | |||||||||||
| 157 | 5785 | |||||||||||
| 161 | 5805 | |||||||||||
| 165 | 5825 | |||||||||||
See also
- Electromagnetic interference at 2.4 GHzElectromagnetic interference at 2.4 GHzElectromagnetic interference at 2.4 GHz can affect various devices.This article details the different users of the 2.4 GHz band, how they cause interference to other users and how they are prone to interference from other users.-Phone:...
- High Speed Multimedia Radio
- List of WLAN frames
- Wireless LANWireless LANA wireless local area network links two or more devices using some wireless distribution method , and usually providing a connection through an access point to the wider internet. This gives users the mobility to move around within a local coverage area and still be connected to the network...