List of Hikayat
Encyclopedia
Hikayat - an Arabic word that literally translates to "stories" - is a form of Malay literature, which relate the adventures of national heroes of Malayan kingdoms, or royal chronicles. The stories they contain, though based on history, are heavily romanticized. This is a list of hikayat.

14th century

  • Terengganu Inscription Stone
    Terengganu Inscription Stone
    Terengganu Inscription Stone is the oldest artifact with Jawi writing on it. The inscriptions, which are in Malay, believed to be written on 22 February 1303...

     BBT 1302-1388
  • Hikayat Bayan Budiman
    Hikayat Bayan Budiman
    Hikayat Bayan Budiman is the Malay version of a tradition that begins with the Sanskrit Śukasaptati, The Parrot's Seventy Tales, an Indian work, in which a parrot tells 70 stories in order to prevent a woman from going on the wrong path. These chain stories, like the Arabian Nights, form the crux...

     Bayan 1371 (MS 1852)
  • Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai
    Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai
    Hikayat Raja-raja Pasai is perhaps the earliest work in Malay on the first Malay-Islamic kingdom of Samudera-Pasai. In the Hikayat, Merah Silu met Muhammad in his dream and accepted conversion to Islam. The Hikayat book is believed to be a creation of 14th century, according to Dr...

     Pasai ±1390 (MS 1815)

15th century

  • Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah
    Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah
    Hikayat Muhammad Hanafiah is a Malay literary work that recounts the story of Muhammad ibn al-Hanafiyyah, half-brother of the martyrs of Shiism, Hasan and Husayn...

      MH ±1450 (MSS <1624, <1682)
  • Hikayat Amir Hamzah
    Hikayat Amir Hamzah
    Hikayat Amir Hamzah is a Malay literary work that chronicles the hero by the name Amir Hamzah. This book is one of the two Hikayat mentioned in Sejarah Melayu as one of the Hikayat used to encourage Malay warriors in their fight against invading Portuguese in Malacca in 1511.The manuscripts were...

  • Undang-Undang Melaka UU 1450-1750 (MS ±1780)

16th century

  • Hikayet Deva Mandu
  • Hikayat Seri Rama Rama unknown (MS <1633)
  • Hikayat Inderaputera Ind <1600 (MS 1600)
  • Hikayat Iskandar Zulkarnain
    Hikayat Iskandar Zulkarnain
    Hikayat Iskandar Zulkarnain is an ancient Malay script which describes a character from Al-Quran and his exploits and achievements. The text itself predates "Sejarah Melayu" , however, the oldest manuscript is dated 1713. It is too poor a state of repair to be usable...

      Isk <1600 (MS ±1830)
  • Qasidah al-Burdah QB unknown (MS <1604)
  • `Aqâ´id al-Nasafî AN 1590 (MS ditto)
  • Syair Hamzah Fansuri HF late 16th century (MSS early 17th century - 1853)

17th century

  • Spraek en Woord-Boek SWB 1603
  • Taj al-Salatin (Dewan) TS.D 1603 (MS ±1775)
  • Taj al-Salatin (Roorda) TS.R 1603
  • Hikayat Aceh Aceh ±1625 (MS ±1675)
  • Cerita Kutai Kutai 1625 (MS 1849)
  • Bustan al-Salatin BS 1640 (MS >1807)
  • Hujjat al-Siddîq HS 1641-1644 (MS 1772)
  • Hikayat Tanah Hitu Hitu 1650 (MS <1662)
  • Hikayat Ibrahim ibn Adham IbrA ±1650 (MS 1775)
  • Hikayat Pelanduk Jenaka Pel unknown (MS ±1650)
  • Sejarah Melayu
    Sejarah Melayu
    Sejarah Melayu or Malay Annals is a Malay literary work which covers a period of over 600 years that chronicles the, then and now, Genealogies of Rulers in the Malay Archipelago...

     SM ±1650 (MS 1808)
  • Hikayat Banjar
    Hikayat Banjar
    The Hikayat Banjar is the chronicle of Banjarmasin, Indonesia. This text, also called the History of Lambung Mangkurat, contains the history of the kings of Banjar and of Kota Waringin in southeast and south Borneo respectively....

     dan Kota Waringin Banj 1663 (MS 1810)
  • Tarjumân al-Mustafîd TM 1642-1693 (MS ±1675)
  • Bab Takzir BT ±1680 (MS <1753)
  • Hikayat Ibrahim ibn Adham (short) IbrA.s 1689 (MS 1817)

18th century

  • Asal Bangsa Jin & Dewa-Dewa ABJD ±1700 (MS 1855)
  • Hikayat Hang Tuah
    Hikayat Hang Tuah
    Hikayat Hang Tuah is a Malay work of literature that tells the tale of the legendary Malay Muslim warrior Hang Tuah and his four warrior friends - Hang Jebat, Hang Kasturi, Hang Lekir and Hang Lekiu - who lived during the height of the Sultanate of Malacca in the 15th century.The most memorable...

      Tuah 1700 (MS 1849)
  • Hikayat Patani
    Hikayat Patani
    The Hikayat Patani, or Story of Patani, is a tale that chronicles the history and legends of the Sultanate of Patani, a small Malay-speaking kingdom located on the east coast of the Malay Peninsula...

      Pat 1730 (MS 1839)
  • Surat al-Anbiya' Anb ±1750
  • Syair Bidasari Bid ±1750 (MS 1825)
  • Risalah Shihabuddin RS 1750s (MS 1823)
  • Risalah fi 'l-Tawhid RT 1760s (MS 1783)
  • Misa Melayu Misa ±1780 (MS 1836)
  • Hikayat Nakhoda Muda Nakh 1788 (MS <1791)

19th century

  • Hikayat Perintah Negeri Benggala PNB 1811 (MS 1811)
  • Syair Sultan Maulana Maul ±1815 (MS 1825)
  • Syair Sinyor Kosta Kosta 1820
  • Syair Raja Tedung dengan Raja Katak T&K unknown (MS ±1865)
  • Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa
    Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa
    Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa or The Kedah Annals is an ancient Malay literature that chronicles the bloodline of Merong Mahawangsa and the foundation of the Kedah, a state in Malaysia. Though there are historical accuracies, there are many incredible assertions...

      MW ±1821 (MS 1898)
  • Surat Keterangan Syeikh Jalaluddin SJal >1821 (MS <1829)
  • Silsilah Perak Perak ±1826
  • Syair Kerajaan Bima Bima ±1830 (MS 1857)
  • Syair Dagang Berjual-Beli DBB 1831
  • Syair Potong Gaji PG 1831
  • Syair Tengku Perbu Perb 1835
  • Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Kelantan
    Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Kelantan
    Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Kelantan was a Malay literary work of Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir...

     1838
  • Civil War in Kelantan Kel 1839
  • Hikayat Marakarma (Si Miskin) Misk unknown (MS 1855)
  • Ceretera2 karangan Abdullah Abd.C 1843,1851
  • Hikayat Abdullah
    Hikayat Abdullah
    Hikayat Abdullah was the major literary work of Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir, a Malacca-born Munshi of Singapore. It was completed in 1845 and first published in 1849, making it one of the first Malay literary texts being published commercially. Abdullah’s authorship was prominently displayed in this...

     1843
  • Syair2 karangan Abdullah Abd.S 1828-1848
  • Syair Engku Puteri EPut 1844
  • Hikayat Maharaja Marakarma Mar 1844 or 1848
  • Syair Perang Johor PJ 1844
  • Hikayat Iblis Iblis 1846
  • Syair Kunjungan Tengku Selangor KTS <1860
  • Warnasarie Ws 1852
  • Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah
    Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah
    Kisah Pelayaran Abdullah ke Mekah was the last work of Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir. The work recounts Abdullah’s voyage from Singapore to Jeddah on his Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca...

     1854
  • Mukhtasar Tawarikh al-Wustha TW 1854
  • Hikayat Siak Siak 1855 (MS 1893)
  • Syair Kumbang Mengindera Kumb <1859
  • Surat kepada Von de Wall VdW 1856-1872
  • Syair Bayan Budiman BayB ±1860
  • Syair Kumbang dan Melati K&M <1866
  • Syair Bunga Air Mawar Mwr <1866
  • Syair Nuri dengan Simbangan Nuri ±1860
  • Syair Nyamuk dan Lalat Nymk ±1860
  • Syair Saudagar Bodoh SBod 1861
  • Hikayat Raja Damsyik Dmsy.H 1863
  • Syair Raja Damsyik Dmsy.S 1864
  • Syair Kiamat Kmt unknown (MS 1865)
  • Salasilah Melayu dan Bugis M&B 1865
  • Tuhfat al-Nafis
    Tuhfat al-Nafis
    Tuhfat al-Nafis is a work of Malay literature written by Raja Ali Haji in Jawi in 1885. It records and chronicles events, especially those of the 19th century, that occurred in several Malay states. Some of the events recorded in the work are the founding of the state of Terengganu and the murder...

    TN 1866 (MS 1890)
  • Syair Awai Awai 1868
  • Syair Bunga-Bungaan Bunga ±1870
  • Syair Burung Pungguk Pung ±1870
  • Syair Unggas Soal Jawab Ungg 1871
  • Syair Sang Kupu-Kupu Kupu ? 1870s
  • Kitab Suci KS 1879 (PL), 1935 (PB)
  • Raja Inggeris Jubili RIJ 1887
  • Ucapan Kwin Jubili UKJ 1887 (edition 1891) PB 1889-1938
  • Muhimmat al-Nafa´is MN 1892
  • Syair Perjalanan Sultan Lingga PSL 1894
  • Al-Imam Imam 1906-1908
  • Syair Raksi Raksi unknown (MS 1915)
  • Majalah Guru MG 1930-1935
  • Saudara S 1930-1935
  • Warta Malaya WM 1931-1935
  • Majlis M 1932-1935
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