Leyland Panther Cub
Encyclopedia
The Leyland Panther Cub was a rear-engined single-decker bus built by Leyland Motor Corporation in the United Kingdom.
It was a derivative of the Panther that Leyland were forced into building for an influential customer, it was only offered on the home market, and only bought by operators in England and Wales. Leyland engineers felt it was underpowered and their heart was never in the project, although it was marketed to the extent of full-colour full page press adverts and the production of a demonstrator. Only 94 were built. They entered service between 1964 and 1968, few served full lives with their original operators.
It came third in Classic Bus magazine's reader-poll of the worst buses ever, only outvoted by the Daimler Roadliner
and the Guy Wulfrunian
.
Due to United Kingdom
stautory construction & use rules on maximum rear-overhang length, Leyland considered that the O.600H engine of the Panther would not be a feasible fit in a shorter version. So instead units from the Leyland Tiger Cub
rather than the Leyland Leopard
were employed. Manchester already had 15 Tiger Cubs with Park Royal
bodies and the first Panther Cub was shown at the 1964 Commercial Motor show at Earls Court
. Sales were patchy thereafter and the model was axed in 1968 by which time Manchester had ordered 30 Panthers.
The exhibit at the 1964 show was Manchester Corporation number 62 (ANF162B). It carried a Park Royal B43D body derived from the BET design, but featuring deeper windows forward of the exit door. The reviewer for Buses Illustrated
noted the unladen weight was 6.5 tons, even though the body was 'well-finished'. The two bodied Panthers on show-stands were for Glasgow and Hull and had, respectively an Alexander B42D+31 body weighing 7ton, 8.75cwt and a Roe
B45D body tipping the scales at 7ton 6cwt. Thus a bodied Panther Cub would weigh almost a ton less than the equivalent Panther. Interestingly although the chassis type is widely quoted as "PSRC1/1", the designation engraved on the rear chassis cross member of preserved example BND 874C is simply "P/C".
show, this was YTB771D which in 1967 became the sole Panther Cub in the Eastbourne Corporation
fleet. D-registration Panther Cubs also went to BET-group fleet Thomas Brothers of Port Talbot
, South Wales
who took three (HTG180-2D) with similar Strachan bus bodies but with single door and 47 seats, to Stockton and to Middlesbrough Corporation who took the only two with Northern Counties
B45F bodies. The largest Municipal purchaser of the Panther Cub was Portsmouth Corporation Transport
who took 26 in 1967 with Metro Cammell Weymann and Marshall bodies to B43D layout. Other municipal sales were to Ashton-under-Lyne (2), Brighton (7), Oldham (4), Warrington (1) and Wigan(2). The only other BET fleet to buy the Panther Cub was East Yorkshire Motor Services
who took 16 with single-door 45-seat Marshall bus bodies.
Bodies on the Panther Cub were by East Lancashire Coachbuilders
(6), Park Royal (24), Marshall (40), Massey (2), Metro-Cammell (14), Northern Counties]] (2) and Strachan (6), Wigan’s two had the only Massey B45D bodies and were registered DJP468E and EEK1F.
Nobody wanted a Panther-cub coach. The closest alternative in the Leyland Motor Corporation catalogue was the Park Royal-bodied Albion Viking but that only sold six of a planned sixteen. The Panther Cub chassis frame was given AEC units and built in Southall as the short-wheelbase AEC Swift
and sold well from 1966 to 1975.
for nine years. One Wigan example was sold to the Malta Department of Education, who only occasionally used it. This bus, DJP468E, has since been repatriated and is being restored by preservationists. Four lizards that travelled from Malta aboard it as stowaways were successfully re-homed with a herpetologist in Lancashire. The other example, EEK 1F, remained in the UK, ending its days with a Stockport haulier before being scrapped.
owning 30% shares in Park Royal Vehicles and Charles H. Roe, and Leyland Motor Corporation owning 25% of Bristol Commercial Vehicles
and Eastern Coach Works
, this removed Bristol chassis and ECW bodies from the sales restrictions that had applied from 1948. The Bristol RE
was available in 10m or 11m form and even in the shorter version, large high-output Leyland and Gardner engines could be fitted. Many customers bought the shorter RESL version and 698 of these were sold between 1966 and 1975. The only 10m long rear-engined single decker chassis to sell better than the RESL in the UK was the short-wheelbase AEC Swift
, which shared the same frame as the Panther Cub.
It was a derivative of the Panther that Leyland were forced into building for an influential customer, it was only offered on the home market, and only bought by operators in England and Wales. Leyland engineers felt it was underpowered and their heart was never in the project, although it was marketed to the extent of full-colour full page press adverts and the production of a demonstrator. Only 94 were built. They entered service between 1964 and 1968, few served full lives with their original operators.
It came third in Classic Bus magazine's reader-poll of the worst buses ever, only outvoted by the Daimler Roadliner
Daimler Roadliner
The Daimler Roadliner was a single deck bus or coach chassis built by Daimler between 1962 and 1972. Notoriously unreliable, it topped the 1993 poll by readers of Classic Bus as the worst bus type ever, beating the Guy Wulfrunian into second place...
and the Guy Wulfrunian
Guy Wulfrunian
The Guy Wulfrunian was a front-engine double-decker bus chassis produced by Guy from 1959 to 1965.-History:The Wulfrunian was developed jointly by Guy and the West Riding Automobile Company, and, of 137 vehicles built, 126 went to West Riding...
.
Background
The Leyland Panther Cub was a short-wheelbase derivative of the Panther for 10m (33 ft 6in) long by 2.5m (8 ft 2½ in) wide bodies. It was proposed by Manchester Corporation, whom Leyland had targeted as a potential launch customer for the Panther. Manchester said they were only interested in a rear-engined single-decker 33 ft long and if Leyland didn't build them 20 to that length they would get Daimler to build short-wheelbase Roadliners instead.Due to United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
stautory construction & use rules on maximum rear-overhang length, Leyland considered that the O.600H engine of the Panther would not be a feasible fit in a shorter version. So instead units from the Leyland Tiger Cub
Leyland Tiger Cub
The Leyland Tiger Cub was a lightweight underfloor-engined chassis built by Leyland Motors between 1951 and 1970, most as 44-45 seat buses, with a smaller number as coaches...
rather than the Leyland Leopard
Leyland Leopard
The Leyland Leopard was a mid-engined single-deck bus and coach chassis built by Leyland between 1959 and 1982. It was popular with bus and coach operators throughout the British Isles...
were employed. Manchester already had 15 Tiger Cubs with Park Royal
Park Royal Vehicles
Dating its origins back to 1889, Park Royal Vehicles along with its Leeds-based subsidiary Charles H. Roe was one of Britain's leading coachbuilders and bus manufacturers based at Park Royal, west London, UK.-Associated Commercial Vehicles:...
bodies and the first Panther Cub was shown at the 1964 Commercial Motor show at Earls Court
Earls Court
Earls Court is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England. It is an inner-city district centred on Earl's Court Road and surrounding streets, located 3.1 miles west south-west of Charing Cross. It borders the sub-districts of South Kensington to the East, West...
. Sales were patchy thereafter and the model was axed in 1968 by which time Manchester had ordered 30 Panthers.
Description
The steel-channel ladder frame (upswept to the rear) was similar to the Panther but about 2ft shorter, with a wheelbase of 16ft 6in rather than the Panther's standard 18ft 6in or optional 17ft 6in. The front-mounted radiator, front steel-leaf springs, driving controls, fuel-supply, braking system, electrical systems and other ancillaries were standard Panther components, whilst the Leyland O.400H engine, pneumocyclic gearbox, brakes, axles, 8-stud wheels, tyre equipment and rear steel-leaf springs were units taken from or derived from the Tiger Cub PSUC1/13.The exhibit at the 1964 show was Manchester Corporation number 62 (ANF162B). It carried a Park Royal B43D body derived from the BET design, but featuring deeper windows forward of the exit door. The reviewer for Buses Illustrated
Buses Magazine
Buses is a United Kingdom magazine, focusing mainly on the UK bus scene.It was formerly known as Buses Illustrated until 1968 and is published by Ian Allan Publishing. The current editor is Alan Millar, based in Scotland. It also produces a yearbook, published in August every year for the next year...
noted the unladen weight was 6.5 tons, even though the body was 'well-finished'. The two bodied Panthers on show-stands were for Glasgow and Hull and had, respectively an Alexander B42D+31 body weighing 7ton, 8.75cwt and a Roe
Charles H. Roe
Charles H. Roe Ltd. was a Yorkshire coachbuilding company. It was for most of its life based at Crossgates Carriage Works, in Leeds.In 1947 it was taken over by Park Royal Vehicles. Two years later, along with its parent, it became part of Associated Commercial Vehicles in 1949, which was merged...
B45D body tipping the scales at 7ton 6cwt. Thus a bodied Panther Cub would weigh almost a ton less than the equivalent Panther. Interestingly although the chassis type is widely quoted as "PSRC1/1", the designation engraved on the rear chassis cross member of preserved example BND 874C is simply "P/C".
Sales
Manchester bought the twenty it had promised to. They entered service in 1965 with ANF-B and BND-C registrations, the only other customers to take C-registered Panther Cubs was Sunderland Corporation who had three examples with Marshall B45D bodies (BBR49-51C) and Stockton-upon-Tees who took two Park Royal examples identical to the Manchester buses (CUP501-2C) and were to take two more in 1966. Leyland produced a Strachan-bodied B43D demonstrator for the 1966 Earls CourtEarls Court
Earls Court is a district in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England. It is an inner-city district centred on Earl's Court Road and surrounding streets, located 3.1 miles west south-west of Charing Cross. It borders the sub-districts of South Kensington to the East, West...
show, this was YTB771D which in 1967 became the sole Panther Cub in the Eastbourne Corporation
Eastbourne Buses
Eastbourne Buses was a bus operator running within the Borough of Eastbourne and into the surrounding area, including Pevensey, Hailsham, Tunbridge Wells, Uckfield and East Grinstead, with a fleet of around 50 vehicles...
fleet. D-registration Panther Cubs also went to BET-group fleet Thomas Brothers of Port Talbot
Port Talbot
Port Talbot is a town in Neath Port Talbot, Wales. It had a population of 35,633 in 2001.-History:Port Talbot grew out of the original small port and market town of Aberafan , which belonged to the medieval Lords of Afan. The area of the parish of Margam lying on the west bank of the lower Afan...
, South Wales
South Wales
South Wales is an area of Wales bordered by England and the Bristol Channel to the east and south, and Mid Wales and West Wales to the north and west. The most densely populated region in the south-west of the United Kingdom, it is home to around 2.1 million people and includes the capital city of...
who took three (HTG180-2D) with similar Strachan bus bodies but with single door and 47 seats, to Stockton and to Middlesbrough Corporation who took the only two with Northern Counties
Northern Counties
Northern Counties Motor and Engineering Company was a manufacturer of bus bodywork located in Wigan Lane, Wigan, in North West England.-Overview:...
B45F bodies. The largest Municipal purchaser of the Panther Cub was Portsmouth Corporation Transport
Portsmouth Corporation Transport
Portsmouth Corporation Transport was a tram, trolleybus and bus operator formed in 1898 and owned by Portsmouth Corporation. Tram services ended in 1936, while bus operations continued until the company was privatised in 1988.-History:...
who took 26 in 1967 with Metro Cammell Weymann and Marshall bodies to B43D layout. Other municipal sales were to Ashton-under-Lyne (2), Brighton (7), Oldham (4), Warrington (1) and Wigan(2). The only other BET fleet to buy the Panther Cub was East Yorkshire Motor Services
East Yorkshire Motor Services
East Yorkshire Motor Services is a large bus and coach operator which operates throughout Kingston upon Hull, the East Riding of Yorkshire, the North Yorkshire coast and the North York Moors. In and around Scarborough, EYMS operates as Scarborough & District Motor Services...
who took 16 with single-door 45-seat Marshall bus bodies.
Bodies on the Panther Cub were by East Lancashire Coachbuilders
East Lancashire Coachbuilders
East Lancashire Coachbuilders Limited was a manufacturer of bus bodies and carriages founded in 1934 in Blackburn, Lancashire, England.In 1994 the company expanded in to new premises and commenced a programme of development that resulted in a range of single and double deck buses which was the...
(6), Park Royal (24), Marshall (40), Massey (2), Metro-Cammell (14), Northern Counties]] (2) and Strachan (6), Wigan’s two had the only Massey B45D bodies and were registered DJP468E and EEK1F.
Problems in operation
These were manifold and diffIcult to resolve for some operators to resolve. The Panther Cub was a relatively underpowered chassis asked to do a job beyond its capabilities. Ten of the twenty Manchester examples had turbo-charged engines, the turbocharger fitment designed to give more torque at lower revolutions rather than more horsepower, but the turbocharged engines had more than their share of blown cylinder-head gaskets and was removed to improve reliability, so although the option was offered throughout the Panther Cub's short life, few but the Manchester buses had this version of the O.400H engine. East Yorkshire seemed to have least troubles with the type and Manchester found it most troublesome. An engineer with Manchester Corporation during the time they were operated has said that the reluctance of maintenance staff to treat the new buses as different to the older front-engined double-deckers then forming the majority of the Manchester fleet was as much to blame as perceived design weaknesses. This view is supported by their later longevity with smaller operators in the UK and overseas more inclined to adapt and manage difficulties flexibly to overcome them, as in the UK and overseas. Yorkshire's East Riding is a generally-flat littoral and their Panther Cubs replaced Tiger Cubs that were not very taxed by their duties. The Manchester buses were asked to do the job of 56-seat double-deckers on busy urban routes.Nobody wanted a Panther-cub coach. The closest alternative in the Leyland Motor Corporation catalogue was the Park Royal-bodied Albion Viking but that only sold six of a planned sixteen. The Panther Cub chassis frame was given AEC units and built in Southall as the short-wheelbase AEC Swift
AEC Swift
The AEC Swift was a rear-engined single-deck bus chassis built by AEC between 1964 and 1974. The chassis design was closely related to the Leyland Panther...
and sold well from 1966 to 1975.
Disposal overseas
Although Panther Cubs had a bad reputation within the United Kingdom they sold well in former British colonies and to UK independents as second-hand bargains. 12 of the 20 Manchester buses withstood up to a decade of further service in Australia whilst two worked in Scotland's Central BeltCentral Belt
The Central Belt of Scotland is a common term used to describe the area of highest population density within Scotland. Despite the name, it is not geographically central but is nevertheless situated at the 'waist' of Scotland on a conventional map and the term 'central' is used in many local...
for nine years. One Wigan example was sold to the Malta Department of Education, who only occasionally used it. This bus, DJP468E, has since been repatriated and is being restored by preservationists. Four lizards that travelled from Malta aboard it as stowaways were successfully re-homed with a herpetologist in Lancashire. The other example, EEK 1F, remained in the UK, ending its days with a Stockport haulier before being scrapped.
Preservation
One of the Manchester Corporation buses has been preserved, and is part of the Greater Manchester Transport Museum collection, though privately owned. There are only three other survivors of the type. Former Warrington no. 92 with East Lancashire B43D body is the only roadworthy turbocharged example and Wigan DJP468E is in the midst of a thorough re-build. Portsmouth 175, GTP 175E, is preserved and is currently stored in the south of England.Causes of poor sales
The pace of change was faster in the 1960s than it had been in the previous decade, and the Panther Cub was overtaken by events. The most important of which was a share-exchange in January 1965 between the Department of Transport and Leyland Motor Corporation, this resulted in the Transport Holding CompanyTransport Holding Company
The Transport Holding Company was a British Government owned company created by the Transport Act 1962 to administer a range of state-owned transport, travel and engineering companies that were previously managed by the British Transport Commission ; it came into existence on 1 January...
owning 30% shares in Park Royal Vehicles and Charles H. Roe, and Leyland Motor Corporation owning 25% of Bristol Commercial Vehicles
Bristol Commercial Vehicles
Bristol Commercial Vehicles was a vehicle manufacturer of in Bristol, England. Most production was of buses but trucks and railbus chassis were also built....
and Eastern Coach Works
Eastern Coach Works
Eastern Coach Works Ltd was a bus and railbus body building company based in Lowestoft, England.-History:The company can trace its roots back to 1912, when United Automobile Services was founded in the town to run bus services. United began a coach building business at the Lowestoft site in 1920...
, this removed Bristol chassis and ECW bodies from the sales restrictions that had applied from 1948. The Bristol RE
Bristol RE
The Bristol RE was a rear-engined single-deck bus chassis built by Bristol Commercial Vehicles from 1962 until 1982. It is widely considered the most successful of the first generation of rear-engined single-deckers....
was available in 10m or 11m form and even in the shorter version, large high-output Leyland and Gardner engines could be fitted. Many customers bought the shorter RESL version and 698 of these were sold between 1966 and 1975. The only 10m long rear-engined single decker chassis to sell better than the RESL in the UK was the short-wheelbase AEC Swift
AEC Swift
The AEC Swift was a rear-engined single-deck bus chassis built by AEC between 1964 and 1974. The chassis design was closely related to the Leyland Panther...
, which shared the same frame as the Panther Cub.
Sources
- Jack, The Leyland Bus Mark 2, Glossop 1982
- Booth (ed), Classic Bus no 7, Edinburgh, September 1993
- Booth (ed), Classic Bus no 26, Edinburgh, November 1996
- Booth (ed), Classic Bus no 31, Edinburgh, September 1997
- Townsin (ed), Buses Illustrated, Shepperton no116, September 1964
- Parke (ed), Buses Illustrated, Shepperton (nos122-4, 9, 131, 154), 1965–68
- Curtis, Bristol RE, Shepperton 1987
- Lamb (ed) Bus & Coach Preservation, Portsmouth, Volume 5 number 5 October 2002
- http:/www.buslistsontheweb.co.uk