Lenino, Mahilyow Voblast
Encyclopedia
Lenino is a large village in Belarus
. Administratively a part of Horki Raion
of Mahilyow Voblast
. It is notable for the battlefield of the 1943 Battle of Lenino
.
Historically until 1918 the village had been known as Romanovo. Since the Truce of Andrusovo of 1697 it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
and was located not far from the Polish-Muscovite border. Administratively part of the Mścisław Voivodeship, it was a private property of the mighty Radziwiłł family. Its last owner before the partitions of Poland
was Karol Stanisław "Panie Kochanku" Radziwiłł. However, as he declined to sign an oath of loyalty to empress Catherine II of Russia
, the village was confiscated and donated to a Russian family of Dondukov-Korsakov in 1774. At that time the group of villages
consisted of 72 settlements with 8589 houses. In late 19th century the village itself had 700 inhabitants, roughly half of them Jews. On October 12, 1943 a major battle took place to the north of the village, later to be known by the name of battle of Lenino
, even though the village itself was not targeted by any of the sides. In 1968 a Polish-Soviet Brotherhood Memorial was opened in the village, marking the battlefield. In 1989 a Polish War Cemetery was created.
Belarus
Belarus , officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered clockwise by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest. Its capital is Minsk; other major cities include Brest, Grodno , Gomel ,...
. Administratively a part of Horki Raion
Horki Raion
Horki Raion is a raion in Mahilyow Voblast, Belarus, the administrative center is Horki....
of Mahilyow Voblast
Mahilyow Voblast
Mahilyow Voblasts or Mogilyov Oblast is a province of Belarus with its administrative center being Mogilyov ....
. It is notable for the battlefield of the 1943 Battle of Lenino
Battle of Lenino
The Battle of Lenino was a tactical World War II engagement that took place between October 12 and October 13th, 1943, north of the village of Lenino in the Mogilev region of Byelorussia...
.
Historically until 1918 the village had been known as Romanovo. Since the Truce of Andrusovo of 1697 it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
and was located not far from the Polish-Muscovite border. Administratively part of the Mścisław Voivodeship, it was a private property of the mighty Radziwiłł family. Its last owner before the partitions of Poland
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland or Partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in the second half of the 18th century and ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland for 123 years...
was Karol Stanisław "Panie Kochanku" Radziwiłł. However, as he declined to sign an oath of loyalty to empress Catherine II of Russia
Catherine II of Russia
Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great , Empress of Russia, was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia on as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg...
, the village was confiscated and donated to a Russian family of Dondukov-Korsakov in 1774. At that time the group of villages
Herrschaft (territory)
In the German feudal system, a Herrschaft or Herrlichkeit was the fiefdom of a lord, who in this area exercised his full feudal rights...
consisted of 72 settlements with 8589 houses. In late 19th century the village itself had 700 inhabitants, roughly half of them Jews. On October 12, 1943 a major battle took place to the north of the village, later to be known by the name of battle of Lenino
Battle of Lenino
The Battle of Lenino was a tactical World War II engagement that took place between October 12 and October 13th, 1943, north of the village of Lenino in the Mogilev region of Byelorussia...
, even though the village itself was not targeted by any of the sides. In 1968 a Polish-Soviet Brotherhood Memorial was opened in the village, marking the battlefield. In 1989 a Polish War Cemetery was created.