Leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1 also known as LINGO-1 is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

 which in humans is encoded by the LINGO1 gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

.

Structure

LINGO-1 contains an N-terminal leucine-rich repeat

Leucine-rich repeat

A leucine-rich repeat is a protein structural motif that forms an α/β horseshoe fold. It is composed of repeating 20–30 amino acid stretches that are unusually rich in the hydrophobic amino acid leucine...

 (LRR) domain, followed by 9 typical LRR domains, C-terminal  LRR domain, an IgC2 domain, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic tail.

LINGO-1 interacts with the Nogo receptor.

Function

LINGO-1 is primarily expressed in neuronal tissue, and most abundantly in cortex. It has been implicated in the inhibition of axon regeneration through a ternary complex formed with NgR1 (ligand-binding subunit) and p75 (signal transducing subunit). The inhibitory action is achieved through RhoA

RHOA

Ras homolog gene family, member A is a small GTPase protein known to regulate the actin cytoskeleton in the formation of stress fibers. In humans, it is encoded by the gene RHOA....

-GTP

Guanosine triphosphate

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate is a purine nucleoside triphosphate. It can act as a substrate for the synthesis of RNA during the transcription process...

 upregulation in response to the presence of MOG

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein ' is a glycoprotein believed to be important in the process of myelinization of nerves in the central nervous system . In humans this protein is encoded by the MOG gene...

, MAG

Myelin-associated glycoprotein

Myelin-associated glycoprotein is a cell membrane glycoprotein that is a member of the SIGLEC family of proteins and is a functional ligand of the NOGO-66 receptor, NgR. MAG is believed to be involved in myelination during nerve regeneration....

or Nogo-66 in the central nervous system. LINGO-1 also inhibits oligodendrocyte precursor differentiation and myelination, by a mechanism that also involves activation of RhoA, but which apparently does not require 75 or NgR1.

Further reading