Kutzneria
Encyclopedia
Kutzneria is a genus of bacteria
Bacteria
Bacteria are a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals...

 in Phylum Actinobacteria
Actinobacteria
Actinobacteria are a group of Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content. They can be terrestrial or aquatic. Actinobacteria is one of the dominant phyla of the bacteria....

. Three species of Kutzneria have been described as of 2001. This genus was named after Hans-Jiirgen Kutzner, a German microbiologist.

Morphology & Biology

Kutzneria are non-motile, aerobic, mesophilic, thermotolerant, Gram positive, chemo-organotrophs. They have stable, branched, cottony aerial mycelium
Mycelium
thumb|right|Fungal myceliaMycelium is the vegetative part of a fungus, consisting of a mass of branching, thread-like hyphae. The mass of hyphae is sometimes called shiro, especially within the fairy ring fungi. Fungal colonies composed of mycelia are found in soil and on or within many other...

. Their cell walls contain N-acetylated muramic acid
Muramic acid
Muramic acid is a form of sugar acid. Chemically it is the ether between lactic acid and glucosamine. It occurs naturally as an N-acetyl derivative in peptidoglycan which has many biological functions such as a component in many typical bacterial cell walls....

 and meso-diaminopimelic acid. They produce spores which are either cocci, bacilli or oval. They are long sporangiophores measuring up to 50 micrometres which are formed by septation of coiled, unbranched hyphae within the sporangiophores.

Species

The three species are:

1. Kutzneria albida; first described by Furumai, Ogawa, and Okuda in 1968,

2. Kutzneria kofuensis; first described by Nonomura and Ohara 1969 (named after Kofu, a district in Japan, where the organism was isolated),

3. Kutzneria viridogrisea; first described by Okuda, Furumai, Watanabe, Okugawa, and Kimura in 1966.

These species were previously classified under the family Streptosporangiaceae (suborder Streptosporangineae) and were known as Streptosporangium albidum, Streptosporangium viridogriseum (subspecies kofuense), and Streptosporangium viridogriseum, respectively.
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