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Kotlin class destroyer (Project 56)
Encyclopedia
Kotlin class destroyer
s were Cold War era ships built for the Soviet Navy
. The Russian name for this class was Project 56 Spokoinyy (Спокойный, "tranquil"). 27 ships were built between 1955 and 1958; they were all decommissioned in the late 1980s. The Kildin class
is based on the design of the Kotlins. The Chinese Luda class
, which is based on the Neustrashimy class
, also borrows some design concepts from the Kotlin class.
11 ships (Project 56PLO, Kotlin Mod.) were modified for enhanced ASW
capabilities by adding rocket depth charge launchers.
In 1962, the Soviet Navy installed the navalized version of the S-125 Neva, the SA-N-1 'Goa', to a Project 56K Kotlin SAM class destroyer, the Bravyi (also spelled Bravyy) for testing. The system used the 4K90 (V-600) missile that could engage targets at distances from 4–15 km (2.5–9.3 mi) and altitudes of 100–10000 m (328.1–32,808.4 ft). Fire control and guidance was provided by 4R90 Yatagan radar. The system could track only one target at a time. The missiles were loaded on the dual-arm ZIF-101 launcher, with under-deck magazine storage for 16 more.
The Soviet navy would eventually retrofit seven Kotlin ships to carry SAMs; these ships were known to NATO as the Kotlin SAM class (Project 56A). One more was modified and sold to Poland (Project 56AE, being the only Project 56 destroyer exported). Later versions of the SAM system, such as the Volna-M (SA-N-1B), the Volna-P, and Volna-N provided greater missile range and capability.
The ships were scrapped between 1987 and 1990.
Destroyer
In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller, powerful, short-range attackers. Destroyers, originally called torpedo-boat destroyers in 1892, evolved from...
s were Cold War era ships built for the Soviet Navy
Soviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy would have played an instrumental role in a Warsaw Pact war with NATO, where it would have attempted to prevent naval convoys from bringing reinforcements across the Atlantic Ocean...
. The Russian name for this class was Project 56 Spokoinyy (Спокойный, "tranquil"). 27 ships were built between 1955 and 1958; they were all decommissioned in the late 1980s. The Kildin class
Kildin class destroyer
The Kildin Class destroyer was a series of destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the late 1950s. They were a missile armed version of the Kotlin class destroyer Four ships were built around the KSShch anti-ship missile. When this missile became obsolete in the 1960s, three ships were modernised...
is based on the design of the Kotlins. The Chinese Luda class
Luda class destroyer
The Type 051 destroyer missile destroyer was the first surface warfare oriented vessel ever designed and built in China, and the first Chinese ship to be fitted with an integrated combat direction system...
, which is based on the Neustrashimy class
Neustrashimy class destroyer
The Neustrashimy was a destroyer built for the Soviet Navy in the early 1950s. She was to be the prototype for an extended production run but only one ship was built. The Neustrashimy was considered too big for series production and a modified design, the Kotlin Class destroyer was chosen for...
, also borrows some design concepts from the Kotlin class.
Design
This design was a smaller version of the Neustrashimy class destroyer which was seen as being too large and expensive for economic series production, as well as too slow. Detailed design changes eliminated some of the problems seen during trials of the Neustrashimyy. A production run of 100 ships was planned but this was curtailed because of the advent of the guided missile. 32 were ordered, but four ships were completed as Kildin class (Project 56E/EM), the last vessel was canceled.11 ships (Project 56PLO, Kotlin Mod.) were modified for enhanced ASW
Anti-submarine warfare
Anti-submarine warfare is a branch of naval warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, or other submarines to find, track and deter, damage or destroy enemy submarines....
capabilities by adding rocket depth charge launchers.
In 1962, the Soviet Navy installed the navalized version of the S-125 Neva, the SA-N-1 'Goa', to a Project 56K Kotlin SAM class destroyer, the Bravyi (also spelled Bravyy) for testing. The system used the 4K90 (V-600) missile that could engage targets at distances from 4–15 km (2.5–9.3 mi) and altitudes of 100–10000 m (328.1–32,808.4 ft). Fire control and guidance was provided by 4R90 Yatagan radar. The system could track only one target at a time. The missiles were loaded on the dual-arm ZIF-101 launcher, with under-deck magazine storage for 16 more.
The Soviet navy would eventually retrofit seven Kotlin ships to carry SAMs; these ships were known to NATO as the Kotlin SAM class (Project 56A). One more was modified and sold to Poland (Project 56AE, being the only Project 56 destroyer exported). Later versions of the SAM system, such as the Volna-M (SA-N-1B), the Volna-P, and Volna-N provided greater missile range and capability.
Ships
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Modernisation | Decommissioned |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spokoinyy - Спокойный - "Peaceful" | Zhdanov Zhdanov Shipyard Zhdanov Shipyard may refer to:* Severnaya Verf a shipyard of Saint Petersburg named Zhdanov Shipyard between 1935 - 1989* Mariupol Shipyard when Mariupol from 1948 to 1989 was named Zhdanov in honor of Andrei Zhdanov.... , Leningrad |
28 November 1953 | 27 June 1956 | none | 19 April 1990 |
| Svetlyy - Светлый - "Bright" ( or "Light") | Zhdanov, Leningrad | 27 October 1953 | 17 September 1955 | none | 25 April 1989 |
| Speshnyy - Спешный - "Rapid" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Skromnyy - Скромный - "Modest" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | 25 April 1989 | ||
| Svedushchiy - Сведущий - "Knowledgeable" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Smyshlenyy - Смышленый - "Sharp (quickwitted)" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Skrytnyy - Скрытный - "Secretive" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | none | |||
| Soznatelnyy - Сознательный - "Aware" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Spravedlivyy - Справедливый - "Just" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56AE) | Transferred to the Polish navy as the ORP Warszawa ORP Warszawa (Kotlin SAM class) ORP Warszawa was a .She was originally the Spravedlivyy of the Soviet navy, built in Leningrad. She was later transferred to the Polish navy, the only ship of this class to be so transferred.-References:... 1970 |
||
| Nesokrushimyy - Несокрушимый - "Indestructible" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Nakhodchivyy - Находчивый - "Resourceful" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Nastoychivyy - Настойчивый - "Persistent" | Zhdanov, Leningrad | SAM (56A) | |||
| Byvalvyy - Бывалый - "Experienced" | Nikolayev Mykolaiv Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:... |
ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Bravyy - Бравый - "Brave" | Nikolayev | SAM (56K) | |||
| Besslednyy - Бесследный - "Untraceable" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Burlivyy - Бурливый - "Turbulent" or "Tempestuous" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Blagorodnyy - Благородный - "Noble" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Blestyashchyy - Блестящий - "Brilliant" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Plammeny - Пламенный - "Fiery" or "Ardent" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Naporystyy - Напористый - "Forceful" | Nikolayev | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vyzyvayushchiy - Вызывающий - "Challenging" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Veskiy - Веский - "Convincing" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | none | |||
| Vdokhnovenyy - Вдохновенный - "Inspiring" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vozmuschenyy - Возмущенный - "Indignant" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | ASW (56PLO) | |||
| Vozbuzhdenyy - Возбужденный - "Excited" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | SAM (56A) | |||
| Vliyatelnyy - Влиятельный - "Influential" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | none | 17 July 1988 | ||
| Vyderzhannyy - Выдержанный - "Consistent" | Komsomolsk-na-Amure | 24 June 1957 | 10 December 1957 | none | 24 April 1992 |
- Bravyy - was the Kotlin SAM prototype
The ships were scrapped between 1987 and 1990.
External links
- Federation of American Scientists: Project 56 Kotlin class, Project 56-A Kotlin SAM class, Project 56-PLO Kotlin Mod class Destroyer All Russian Kotlin Class Destroyers - Complete Ship List