A kolpik is a type of traditional headgear worn in families of some Chassidic Rebbes (Hasidic rabbis), by unmarried children on Shabbat

Shabbat

Shabbat is the seventh day of the Jewish week and a day of rest in Judaism. Shabbat is observed from a few minutes before sunset on Friday evening until a few minutes after when one would expect to be able to see three stars in the sky on Saturday night. The exact times, therefore, differ from...

, and by some Rebbes on special occasions. It is made from brown fur, as opposed to a spodik

Spodik

A spodik is a tall fur hat worn by some Hasidic Jews, particularly members of sects originating in Congress Poland. Spodiks are to be distinguished from shtreimels, which are a similar type of fur hat worn by Hasidim...

, worn by Polish chassidic dynasties, which is fashioned out of black fur.

The word originated from a Turkic word for this kind of hats, kalpak.