Kokborok language
Encyclopedia
The Borok language, or Kok Borok, also spelled Kokborok and also known as Tripuri, is the native language of the Tripuri people of the Indian state of Tripura
and neighboring areas of Bangladesh
. The word Kok Borok is a compound of kok "language" and borok "people", which is used specifically for the Borok people. Thus Kok Borok means "language of the Borok".
". The Chronicle of the Borok Kings were written in a book called the Rajratnakar, this book was originally written down in Kokborok using the Koloma script by Durlobendra Chontai.
Later, two Brahmins, Sukreswar and Vaneswar translated it into Sanskrit and then again translated the chronicle into Bengali
in the 14th century AD. The chronicle of Twipra in Kokborok and Rajratnakar are no longer available. Kokborok was relegated to a common people's dialect during the rule of the Borok Kings in the Kingdom of Twipra, in contrast to Bengali language
, from the period of the 14th century till the 20th century.
Kokborok was recognised as an official language of Tripura
state in 1979. There currently is a debate over giving the language recognition as a National language of India
.
and South East Asia.
It is closely related to the Bodo language
and the Dimasa language
of neighbouring state of Assam
. The Garo language
is also a related language as spoken in neighbouring Bangladesh
.
Original writers decided to use the letter w as a symbol for a vowel which does not exist in the English language
.
N' is the pronunciation of the nasal sound; e.g., in' (yes).
Ng is a digraph and is generally used in the last syllable of a word; e.g., aming (cat), holong (stone).
Ua is often used initially; e.g., uak (pig), uah (bamboo), uatwi (rain).
Uo is often used finally; e.g., thuo (sleeping), buo (beat).
is a group of 2 vowels. The wi diphthong is spoken as ui after sounds of the letters m and p. Two examples are: chumui (cloud) and thampui (mosquito). The ui diphthong is a variation of the wi diphthong. Other less frequently occurring diphthongs such as oi are called closing diphthongs. A closing diphthong refers to a syllable that does not end in a consonant.
. Some examples are;
There are no Kokborok words beginning with ng. At the end of a syllable, any vowel except w can be found, along with a limited amount of consonants: p, k, m, n, ng, r and l. Y is found only in closing diphthongs like ai and wi.
example:
low tone High tone
(a) Original words: thang-go; phai-come; borok-nation; borog-men kotor-big; kuchu-youngest; kwrwi-not;etc.
(b) Compound words, that is, words made of more than one original words: nai-see; thok-testy; naithok-beautiful; mwtai-god; nog-house; tongthar-temple; bwkha-heart; bwkhakotor-brave; etc.
(c) Words with suffixes: swrwng-learn; swrwngnai-learner; nugjak-seen; kaham-good; hamya- bad; etc.
(d) Naturalized loan words: gerogo-to roll; gwdna-neck; tebil- table; puitu-faith; etc.
(e) Loan words: kiching-friend; etc.
There is a clear cut difference in Kokborok between nouns and verbs. All true verbs are made with a verbal root followed by a number of suffixes, these suffixes are not placed at random but according to definite rules.
s in the Indian states of Tripura
, Assam
, Mizoram
and the neighbouring provinces of the country Bangladesh
mainly in Chittagong Hill Tracts
. There are three main dialects, which are not mutually intelligible, though the western dialect of the royal family, Debbarma
, is a prestige dialect
understood by everyone. It is the standard for teaching and literature. It is taught as medium of instruction up to class fifth and as subject language up to Graduate level. The other dialects are Jamatia
and Noatia
.
cultural organisations have been working fruitfully for the development of the language since the last century. Foremost among them are the:
One major translation of the 20th century was the "Smai Kwtal", the New Testament of the Bible in Kokborok language, published in 1976 AD by the Bible Society of India. The "Smai Kwtal" benchmarked all other works in the coming years and was the first popular literature to have seen the day-to-day use among the Tripuri community.
The present trend of development of the Kokborok literary works show that the Kokborok literature is moving forward slowly but steadily with its vivacity and distinctive originality to touch the rich literature of the rich languages. The Department of Kokborok in Tripura University
is responsible for the teaching and training of Kokborok language and literature.
-Census of India 2001 language reporthttp://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm
KOK-BOROK 78,000 in Bangladesh (1993 Johnstone); 658,000 in India (1994 IMA); 736,000 in all countries. Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Baric, Konyak–Bodo–Borok–Garo dialects.
TIPPERA (TIPPERA, TIPPERAH, TIPRA,TRIPERAH) [TPE] 105,000 (1993 Johnstone). Chittagong Hills. Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Unclassified. Many men can speak Bengali. 36 dialects.
-Part of the Ethnologue, 13th Edition, Barbara F. Grimes, Editor, 1996, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc.
which has disappeared now. Since the 19th century the Kingdom of Twipra used the Bengali script
for writing in Kok-borok. But, since the independence of India
and Twipra's merger with India
the Roman Script is being promoted by non-governmental organizations. The script issue is highly politicized, with the Left Front
government advocating usage of Bengali script and the Twipra Christians and ethno-nationalists are advocating for the Roman script.
At present both the scripts are being used in the state, in education as well as in literary and cultural circles.
cultural organization which has been established to promote the language and culture of the Tripuri people.
The mission was started by Naphurai Jamatia. It has its office in Krishnanagar in Agartala. It publishes many books in Kokborok, most notable of which is the Anglo-Kokborok Dictionary by Binoy Debbarma.
Tripura
Tripura is a state in North-East India, with an area of . It is the third smallest state of India, according to area. Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to the east. The capital is Agartala and the main languages spoken are...
and neighboring areas of Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
. The word Kok Borok is a compound of kok "language" and borok "people", which is used specifically for the Borok people. Thus Kok Borok means "language of the Borok".
History
Kok-borok has existed in its various forms since at least the 1st century AD, when the historical record of Twipra Kings began to be written down. The script of Kok-borok was called "KolomaKoloma
Koloma is the ancient script of Kokborok....
". The Chronicle of the Borok Kings were written in a book called the Rajratnakar, this book was originally written down in Kokborok using the Koloma script by Durlobendra Chontai.
Later, two Brahmins, Sukreswar and Vaneswar translated it into Sanskrit and then again translated the chronicle into Bengali
Bengali language
Bengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...
in the 14th century AD. The chronicle of Twipra in Kokborok and Rajratnakar are no longer available. Kokborok was relegated to a common people's dialect during the rule of the Borok Kings in the Kingdom of Twipra, in contrast to Bengali language
Bengali language
Bengali or Bangla is an eastern Indo-Aryan language. It is native to the region of eastern South Asia known as Bengal, which comprises present day Bangladesh, the Indian state of West Bengal, and parts of the Indian states of Tripura and Assam. It is written with the Bengali script...
, from the period of the 14th century till the 20th century.
Kokborok was recognised as an official language of Tripura
Tripura
Tripura is a state in North-East India, with an area of . It is the third smallest state of India, according to area. Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to the east. The capital is Agartala and the main languages spoken are...
state in 1979. There currently is a debate over giving the language recognition as a National language of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
.
Classification and related languages
Kokborok is a Tibeto-Burman language falling under the Sino-Tibetan language family of East AsiaEast Asia
East Asia or Eastern Asia is a subregion of Asia that can be defined in either geographical or cultural terms...
and South East Asia.
It is closely related to the Bodo language
Bodo language
Bodo is a language that belongs to the branch of Barish section under Baric division of the Tibeto-Burman languages and spoken by the Bodo people of north-eastern India and Nepal...
and the Dimasa language
Dimasa language
Dimasa language is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Dimasa people in the state of Assam in North East India.-Phrases:English / Dimasa1)Where are you? = Ning baraha dong?2)I am here. = Ang eraha dong?...
of neighbouring state of Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
. The Garo language
Garo language
Garo is the language of the majority of the people of the Garo Hills in the Indian state of Meghalaya. Garo is also used in Kamrup, Dhubri, Goalpara and the Darrang districts of Assam, India as well as in neighboring Bangladesh...
is also a related language as spoken in neighbouring Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
.
Kokborok sounds and phonetics
It is a typical Tibeto-Burmese language and consists of the following sounds:Vowels
| Unrounded Roundedness In phonetics, vowel roundedness refers to the amount of rounding in the lips during the articulation of a vowel. That is, it is vocalic labialization. When pronouncing a rounded vowel, the lips form a circular opening, while unrounded vowels are pronounced with the lips relaxed... | Rounded Roundedness In phonetics, vowel roundedness refers to the amount of rounding in the lips during the articulation of a vowel. That is, it is vocalic labialization. When pronouncing a rounded vowel, the lips form a circular opening, while unrounded vowels are pronounced with the lips relaxed... |
Rounded | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | y | u |
| High-mid | e | ||
| Low-mid | ɔ | ||
| Low | a |
Original writers decided to use the letter w as a symbol for a vowel which does not exist in the English language
English language
English is a West Germanic language that arose in the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England and spread into what was to become south-east Scotland under the influence of the Anglian medieval kingdom of Northumbria...
.
Consonants
| Labial | Dental | Apico- Alveolar |
Lamino- Postalveolar |
Velar | Glottal | ||
| Stops Stop consonant In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or an oral stop, is a stop consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases. The occlusion may be done with the tongue , lips , and &... and affricates Affricate consonant Affricates are consonants that begin as stops but release as a fricative rather than directly into the following vowel.- Samples :... |
Aspirated | pʰ | t̪ʰ | kʰ | |||
| Voiceless | p | t̪ | t͡ʃ | k | |||
| Voiced Voice (phonetics) Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds, with sounds described as either voiceless or voiced. The term, however, is used to refer to two separate concepts. Voicing can refer to the articulatory process in which the vocal cords vibrate... |
b | d̪ | d͡ʒ | ɡ | |||
| Fricatives Fricative consonant Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together. These may be the lower lip against the upper teeth, in the case of ; the back of the tongue against the soft palate, in the case of German , the final consonant of Bach; or... |
Voiceless | s | h | ||||
| Nasals Nasal consonant A nasal consonant is a type of consonant produced with a lowered velum in the mouth, allowing air to escape freely through the nose. Examples of nasal consonants in English are and , in words such as nose and mouth.- Definition :... |
m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Liquids Liquid consonant In phonetics, liquids or liquid consonants are a class of consonants consisting of lateral consonants together with rhotics.-Description:... |
l, r | ||||||
N' is the pronunciation of the nasal sound; e.g., in' (yes).
Ng is a digraph and is generally used in the last syllable of a word; e.g., aming (cat), holong (stone).
Ua is often used initially; e.g., uak (pig), uah (bamboo), uatwi (rain).
Uo is often used finally; e.g., thuo (sleeping), buo (beat).
Diphthong
A diphthongDiphthong
A diphthong , also known as a gliding vowel, refers to two adjacent vowel sounds occurring within the same syllable. Technically, a diphthong is a vowel with two different targets: That is, the tongue moves during the pronunciation of the vowel...
is a group of 2 vowels. The wi diphthong is spoken as ui after sounds of the letters m and p. Two examples are: chumui (cloud) and thampui (mosquito). The ui diphthong is a variation of the wi diphthong. Other less frequently occurring diphthongs such as oi are called closing diphthongs. A closing diphthong refers to a syllable that does not end in a consonant.
Syllables
A majority of words are formed by combining the root with an affixAffix
An affix is a morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word. Affixes may be derivational, like English -ness and pre-, or inflectional, like English plural -s and past tense -ed. They are bound morphemes by definition; prefixes and suffixes may be separable affixes...
. Some examples are;
- kuchuk is formed from the root chuk (to be high), with the prefix, ku.
- phaidi (come) is formed from the root phai (to come), with the suffix di.
There are no Kokborok words beginning with ng. At the end of a syllable, any vowel except w can be found, along with a limited amount of consonants: p, k, m, n, ng, r and l. Y is found only in closing diphthongs like ai and wi.
Clusters
"Clusters" are a group of consonants at the beginning of a syllable, like phl, ph + l, in phlat phlat (very fast), or sl in kungsluk kungsluk (foolish man). Clusters are quite impossible at the end of a syllable. There are some "false clusters" such as phran (to dry) which is actually phw-ran. These are very common in echo words : phlat phlat, phre phre, prai prai, prom prom, etc.Tone
There are two tones in kokborok, a high and a low tone. To mark the high tone, the letter h is attached to the vowel with the high tone.example:
low tone High tone
- lai-easy laih-crossed
- bor-senseless bohr-to plant
- cha-correct chah-to eat
- nukhung-family nukhuhng-roof
Morphology
Morphologically kok-borok words can be divided into five categories. They are the following.(a) Original words: thang-go; phai-come; borok-nation; borog-men kotor-big; kuchu-youngest; kwrwi-not;etc.
(b) Compound words, that is, words made of more than one original words: nai-see; thok-testy; naithok-beautiful; mwtai-god; nog-house; tongthar-temple; bwkha-heart; bwkhakotor-brave; etc.
(c) Words with suffixes: swrwng-learn; swrwngnai-learner; nugjak-seen; kaham-good; hamya- bad; etc.
(d) Naturalized loan words: gerogo-to roll; gwdna-neck; tebil- table; puitu-faith; etc.
(e) Loan words: kiching-friend; etc.
Kokborok grammar
See full article Kokborok grammarKokborok Grammar
Kokborok, also Tripuri, is language of the Bodo branch of the Tibeto-Burman language family. It is an official language of Tripura, a state of India.- Syntax :The principal structures of affirmative sentences in Kokborok are the following:...
There is a clear cut difference in Kokborok between nouns and verbs. All true verbs are made with a verbal root followed by a number of suffixes, these suffixes are not placed at random but according to definite rules.
Counting and numbering
Counting in Kokborok is called lekhamung. The basic numbers are:| 1. | sa |
| 2. | nwi |
| 3. | tham |
| 4. | brwi |
| 5. | ba |
| 6. | dok |
| 7. | sni |
| 8. | char |
| 9. | chuku |
| 10. | chi |
| 20. | nwichi(khol) |
| 100. | ra |
| 101. | sara sa |
| 200. | nwira |
| 1000. | sai |
| 1001. | sa sai |
| 2000. | nwi sai |
| 10,000. | chisai |
| 20,000. | nwichi sai |
| 100,000. | rasai |
| 200,000. | nwi rasai |
| 1,000,000. | chirasai |
| 2,000,000. | nwichi rasai |
| 10,000,000. | rwjak |
| 20,000,000. | nwi rwjak |
| 1,000,000,000. | rarwjak |
| 1,000,000,000,000. | Sai rarwjak |
| 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. | rasaisai rarwjak |
Dialects
The Borok nation consists of many tribeTribe
A tribe, viewed historically or developmentally, consists of a social group existing before the development of, or outside of, states.Many anthropologists use the term tribal society to refer to societies organized largely on the basis of kinship, especially corporate descent groups .Some theorists...
s in the Indian states of Tripura
Tripura
Tripura is a state in North-East India, with an area of . It is the third smallest state of India, according to area. Tripura is surrounded by Bangladesh on the north, south, and west. The Indian states of Assam and Mizoram lie to the east. The capital is Agartala and the main languages spoken are...
, Assam
Assam
Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...
, Mizoram
Mizoram
Mizoram is one of the Seven Sister States in North Eastern India, sharing borders with the states of Tripura, Assam, Manipur and with the neighbouring countries of Bangladesh and Burma. Mizoram became the 23rd state of India on 20 February 1987. Its capital is Aizawl. Mizoram is located in the...
and the neighbouring provinces of the country Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
mainly in Chittagong Hill Tracts
Chittagong Hill Tracts
The Chittagong Hill Tracts comprise an area of 13,295 km2 in south-eastern Bangladesh, and borders India and Myanmar . It was a single district of Bangladesh until 1984. In that year it was divided into three separate districts: Khagrachari, Rangamati and Bandarban. Topographically, this is the...
. There are three main dialects, which are not mutually intelligible, though the western dialect of the royal family, Debbarma
Debbarma
Debbarma is the surname or the title generally used by the Borok people, indigenous people of Tripura, a state in India. The mother tongue of this ethnic group is Kokborok.and Bengali-Variations:...
, is a prestige dialect
Prestige dialect
In sociolinguistics, prestige describes the level of respect accorded to a language or dialect as compared to that of other languages or dialects in a speech community. The concept of prestige in sociolinguistics is closely related to that of prestige or class within a society...
understood by everyone. It is the standard for teaching and literature. It is taught as medium of instruction up to class fifth and as subject language up to Graduate level. The other dialects are Jamatia
Jamatia
Jamatia is one of the 21 scheduled tribes of Tripura state of India. They are mainly dwelling in the West Tripura and the South Tripura districts. They speak the language Kokborok which is of Tibeto-Burmese origin...
and Noatia
Noatia
Noatia is one of the 21 scheduled tribes of the Tripura state of India. The tribe mainly lives in the hills of Dhalai and the North Tripura districts of the Tripura state of India. They speak the Noatia dialect of Kokborok which is of Tibeto-Burmese origin. Their appearance is mongoloid.-See...
.
Institutions and organisations
Some TripuriTripuri culture
The Tripuri culture of North-East India has many important aspects to it.-Rules:The rules followed by the Tripuris are:# Lineage# Property ownership# Right to property in early era# Right to property in the present day# Marriage system as a whole...
cultural organisations have been working fruitfully for the development of the language since the last century. Foremost among them are the:
- KSS, Kokborok Sahitya SabhaKokborok Sahitya SabhaKokborok Sahitya Sabha was formed on 8 October 1972, under the leadership of Lt. Alindralal Tripura. Since then, KBSS has been working for the development of Kokborok language of Tripura ....
now Borok Kokrwbai Bosong or BKB in short. - KbSS, Kokborok Sahitya Sangsad
- HKP, Hachukni Khorang Publishers
- KOHM, Kokborok tei Hukumu MissionKokborok tei Hukumu MissionKOKBOROK TEI HUKUMU MISSION have been formed on August 10, 1993 in Agartala, Tripura, India. KOHM is a non-political, non-religious organization whose sole mission is to serve to promote to develop and to preserve the Tripuri literature, culture, tradition and its heritage.-Activities:A number of...
- KA, Kokborok Academy
- DKP, Dey Kokborok Publishers
Literature
First effort for giving the language in printed book form and creation of literature of language Radhamohan Thakur wrote the grammar of Kokborok named "Kok-Borokma" published in 1900 AD. Beside he wrote two other books "Traipur Kothamala" and "Traipur Bhasabidhan". Traipur Kothamala was the Kokborok-Bengali-English translation book published in 1906 AD. The "Traipur Bhasabidhan" was published in 1907. Daulot Ahmed was a contemporary of Radhamohan Thakur and was a pioneer of writing Kokborok Grammar jointly with Mohammad Omar. The Amar jantra, Comilla published his Kokborok grammar book "KOKBOKMA" in 1897 AD. On 27 December 1945 AD the "Tripura Janasiksha Samiti" came into being and it established amny schools in different areas of Tripura. The first Kokborok magazine "Kwtal Kothoma" was first edited and published in 1954 by Sudhanya Deb Barma, who was a founder of the Samiti. "Hachuk Khurio" (In the lap of Hills) by Sudhanya Deb Barma is the first modern Kokborok novel. It was published by the Kokborok Sahitya Sabha and Sanskriti Samsad in 1987 AD.One major translation of the 20th century was the "Smai Kwtal", the New Testament of the Bible in Kokborok language, published in 1976 AD by the Bible Society of India. The "Smai Kwtal" benchmarked all other works in the coming years and was the first popular literature to have seen the day-to-day use among the Tripuri community.
Present
The 21st century began for Kokborok literature with the monumental work, the Anglo-Kokborok-Bengali Dictionary compiled by Binoy Deb Barma and published in 2002 A.D. by the Kokborok tei Hukumu Mission. This is the 2nd edition of his previous ground breaking dictionary published in 1996 and is a trilingual dictionary. Twiprani Laihbuma (The Rajmala - History of Tripura) translated by R.K Debbarma and published in 2002 AD by KOHM.The present trend of development of the Kokborok literary works show that the Kokborok literature is moving forward slowly but steadily with its vivacity and distinctive originality to touch the rich literature of the rich languages. The Department of Kokborok in Tripura University
Tripura University
Tripura University is the Main Public Central University of the Indian state of Tripura.-History:Tripura University epitomizes the aspirations of the state’s people for academic excellence at the highest level and quest for knowledge. It is axiomatic that knowledge alone forms the basis of...
is responsible for the teaching and training of Kokborok language and literature.
Statistics
Tripura 854,023- Kokborok 761,964
- Others 607
-Census of India 2001 language reporthttp://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/Statement1.htm
KOK-BOROK 78,000 in Bangladesh (1993 Johnstone); 658,000 in India (1994 IMA); 736,000 in all countries. Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Baric, Konyak–Bodo–Borok–Garo dialects.
TIPPERA (TIPPERA, TIPPERAH, TIPRA,TRIPERAH) [TPE] 105,000 (1993 Johnstone). Chittagong Hills. Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Unclassified. Many men can speak Bengali. 36 dialects.
-Part of the Ethnologue, 13th Edition, Barbara F. Grimes, Editor, 1996, Summer Institute of Linguistics, Inc.
Script
Kok-borok had a script known as KolomaKoloma
Koloma is the ancient script of Kokborok....
which has disappeared now. Since the 19th century the Kingdom of Twipra used the Bengali script
Bengali script
The Bengali alphabet is the writing system for the Bengali language. The script with variations is used for Assamese and is basis for Meitei, Bishnupriya Manipuri, Kokborok, Garo and Mundari alphabets. All these languages are spoken in the eastern region of South Asia. Historically, the script has...
for writing in Kok-borok. But, since the independence of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
and Twipra's merger with India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
the Roman Script is being promoted by non-governmental organizations. The script issue is highly politicized, with the Left Front
Left Front
The Left Front is an alliance of Indian leftist parties. After a 34-year reign in West Bengal, the Left Front was swept from power in the 2011 election...
government advocating usage of Bengali script and the Twipra Christians and ethno-nationalists are advocating for the Roman script.
At present both the scripts are being used in the state, in education as well as in literary and cultural circles.
Language school
Kokborok tei Hukumu Mission is a TripuriTripuri culture
The Tripuri culture of North-East India has many important aspects to it.-Rules:The rules followed by the Tripuris are:# Lineage# Property ownership# Right to property in early era# Right to property in the present day# Marriage system as a whole...
cultural organization which has been established to promote the language and culture of the Tripuri people.
The mission was started by Naphurai Jamatia. It has its office in Krishnanagar in Agartala. It publishes many books in Kokborok, most notable of which is the Anglo-Kokborok Dictionary by Binoy Debbarma.
External links
- Govt of Tripura Govt of Tripura website
- www.tiprasa.com Kokborok Script Issues
- Online Kokborok Dictionary In Delhi Tripura Society website
- twipra.com A website about Twipra (Tripura in kokborok).
- ethnologue.com Ethnologue website entry for Kokborok language
- http://www.deccanherald.com/archives/jan212005/n13.asp Deccan Herald Article concerning the Script Issue.
- KOHM website