Juan Manuel Cajigal
Encyclopedia
Juan Manuel Cajigal y Niño (ˈxwan maˈnwel kaxiˈɣal i ˈniɲo) (sometimes, Juan Manuel Cagigal y Niño in the orthography of the period) was a Spanish Captain General
, born in Cádiz
, in 1754.
With more than two decades of service, Cajigal arrived in Venezuela
in 1799 where he served in the Veteran Battalion of Caracas. From 1804 to 1809 he served as governor and captain general of New Andalusia Province
(capital, Cumaná
) in eastern Venezuela. Promoted to Field Marshal
, he was named captain general of Venezuela in 1814. He oversaw the royalist advances carried out by José Tomás Boves
, who acted in an independent manner. Cajigal resigned upon the arrival of Pablo Morillo
in 1815 and left for Spain the following year.
In 1819 he was appointed captain general of Cuba
and oversaw the restoration of the Spanish Constitution of 1812
in 1820. That same year he resigned due to health problems and retired to Guanabacoa, where he died in 1823.
His cousin, General Juan Manuel Cagigal y Monserrat, was Francisco de Miranda
's friend and commanding officer at the Battle of Pensacola
during the American Revolutionary War
.
His cousin-once-removed, whom he raised, was Venezuelan mathematician Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo
.
Captain General
Captain general is a high military rank and a gubernatorial title.-History:This term Captain General started to appear in the 14th century, with the meaning of commander in chief of an army in the field, probably the first usage of the term General in military settings...
, born in Cádiz
Cádiz
Cadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
, in 1754.
With more than two decades of service, Cajigal arrived in Venezuela
Captaincy General of Venezuela
The Captaincy General of Venezuela was an administrative district of colonial Spain, created in 1777 to provide more autonomy for the provinces of Venezuela, previously under the jurisdiction of the Viceroyalty of New Granada and the Audiencia of Santo Domingo...
in 1799 where he served in the Veteran Battalion of Caracas. From 1804 to 1809 he served as governor and captain general of New Andalusia Province
New Andalusia
The name New Andalusia refers to two separate regions of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.* New Andalusia Governorate - created as one of Charles V's grants of 1534...
(capital, Cumaná
Cumaná
Cumaná is the capital of Venezuela's Sucre State. It is located 402 km east of Caracas. It was the first settlement founded by Europeans in the mainland America, in 1501 by Franciscan friars, but due to successful attacks by the indigenous people, it had to be refounded several times...
) in eastern Venezuela. Promoted to Field Marshal
Field Marshal
Field Marshal is a military rank. Traditionally, it is the highest military rank in an army.-Etymology:The origin of the rank of field marshal dates to the early Middle Ages, originally meaning the keeper of the king's horses , from the time of the early Frankish kings.-Usage and hierarchical...
, he was named captain general of Venezuela in 1814. He oversaw the royalist advances carried out by José Tomás Boves
José Tomás Boves
José Tomás Boves , royalist caudillo of the llanos during the Venezuelan War of Independence, particularly remembered for his use of brutality and atrocities against those who supported Venezuelan independence...
, who acted in an independent manner. Cajigal resigned upon the arrival of Pablo Morillo
Pablo Morillo
Pablo Morillo y Morillo, Count of Cartagena and Marquess of La Puerta, aka El Pacificador was a Spanish general....
in 1815 and left for Spain the following year.
In 1819 he was appointed captain general of Cuba
Captaincy General of Cuba
The Captaincy General of Cuba was an administrative district of the Spanish Empire created in 1607 as part of Habsburg Spain's attempt better to defend the Caribbean against foreign powers, which also involved creating captaincies general in Puerto Rico, Guatemala and Yucatán. The restructuring of...
and oversaw the restoration of the Spanish Constitution of 1812
Spanish Constitution of 1812
The Spanish Constitution of 1812 was promulgated 19 March 1812 by the Cádiz Cortes, the national legislative assembly of Spain, while in refuge from the Peninsular War...
in 1820. That same year he resigned due to health problems and retired to Guanabacoa, where he died in 1823.
His cousin, General Juan Manuel Cagigal y Monserrat, was Francisco de Miranda
Francisco de Miranda
Sebastián Francisco de Miranda Ravelo y Rodríguez de Espinoza , commonly known as Francisco de Miranda , was a Venezuelan revolutionary...
's friend and commanding officer at the Battle of Pensacola
Battle of Pensacola (1781)
The Siege of Pensacola was fought in 1781, the culmination of Spain's conquest of the British province West Florida during the American War of Independence.-Background:...
during the American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...
.
His cousin-once-removed, whom he raised, was Venezuelan mathematician Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo
Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo
Juan Manuel Cajigal y Odoardo was a Venezuelan mathematician, engineer and statesman.Orphaned at age 7, he was raised in Spain by his cousin-once-removed, Field Marshal Juan Manuel Cajigal, former captain general of Venezuela and Cuba...
.