João Batista Vilanova Artigas
Encyclopedia
João Batista Vilanova Artigas (June 23, 1915 – January 12, 1985) was one of the most important Brazil
ian modernist architect
s. Born in Curitiba
and much-awarded in his lifetime, Artigas is considered one of the most important names in the architectural history of São Paulo, and the founding figure of the Paulista School
.
and after his graduation in 1937, he worked with Russian-Brazilian architect Gregori Warchavchik
on the remodeling of Praça da República. From 1941 through 1947 he served as professor of aesthetics, architecture and planning, and was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1946.
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Along with Paulo Mendes da Rocha
, Artigas's membership in the Brazilian Communist Party
resulted in his removal from his teaching position in 1969. Both were reinstated in the 1980s.
Artigas' work is common viewed in three phases. The first phrase, from 1937 through about 1945, shows an obvious influence from Frank Lloyd Wright
in residential design; from 1945 through the mid-1950s there's a transitional phase adopting an International Style
grammar (curtain walls, pilotis) for larger projects; and from the 1960s and 1970s his personal, dramatic style linked to Brutalism for large-scale public buildings. Artigas was one of the main figures of the Paulista School
of the 1950s, characterized by expressed reinforced concrete structure.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian modernist architect
Architect
An architect is a person trained in the planning, design and oversight of the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to offer or render services in connection with the design and construction of a building, or group of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the...
s. Born in Curitiba
Curitiba
Curitiba is the capital of the Brazilian state of Paraná. It is the largest city with the biggest economy of both Paraná and southern Brazil. The population of Curitiba numbers approximately 1.75 million people and the latest GDP figures for the city surpass US$61 billion according to...
and much-awarded in his lifetime, Artigas is considered one of the most important names in the architectural history of São Paulo, and the founding figure of the Paulista School
Paulista School
The Paulista School was an informal group of Brazilian architects who formed in the 1950s. As opposed to the smoother curvy surfaces of the Rio School typified by Oscar Niemeyer, the Paulista work embraced exposed concrete structures, chunkier massing, and rougher finishes.The two primary...
.
Life
Artigas attended the Polytechnic School of the University of São PauloUniversity of São Paulo
Universidade de São Paulo is a public university in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. It is the largest Brazilian university and one of the country's most prestigious...
and after his graduation in 1937, he worked with Russian-Brazilian architect Gregori Warchavchik
Gregori Warchavchik
Gregori I. Warchavchik was a Russo-Brazilian architect.He was born at Odessa, then part of the Russian Empire, and died at São Paulo, Brazil. He arrived in Brazil in 1923. Naturalized a Brazilian, he built for himself between 1927 and 1928 what was considered the first modernist residence in the...
on the remodeling of Praça da República. From 1941 through 1947 he served as professor of aesthetics, architecture and planning, and was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1946.
Paulo Mendes da Rocha
Paulo Mendes da Rocha is a Brazilian architect, honored with the Mies van der Rohe Prize and the Pritzker Prize .Paulo attended the Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie College of Architecture, graduating in 1954...
, Artigas's membership in the Brazilian Communist Party
Brazilian Communist Party
Brazilian Communist Party is the oldest political party still active in Brazil, founded in 1922, and one of the only Brazilian parties with a Stalinist orientation...
resulted in his removal from his teaching position in 1969. Both were reinstated in the 1980s.
Artigas' work is common viewed in three phases. The first phrase, from 1937 through about 1945, shows an obvious influence from Frank Lloyd Wright
Frank Lloyd Wright
Frank Lloyd Wright was an American architect, interior designer, writer and educator, who designed more than 1,000 structures and completed 500 works. Wright believed in designing structures which were in harmony with humanity and its environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture...
in residential design; from 1945 through the mid-1950s there's a transitional phase adopting an International Style
International style (architecture)
The International style is a major architectural style that emerged in the 1920s and 1930s, the formative decades of Modern architecture. The term originated from the name of a book by Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson, The International Style...
grammar (curtain walls, pilotis) for larger projects; and from the 1960s and 1970s his personal, dramatic style linked to Brutalism for large-scale public buildings. Artigas was one of the main figures of the Paulista School
Paulista School
The Paulista School was an informal group of Brazilian architects who formed in the 1950s. As opposed to the smoother curvy surfaces of the Rio School typified by Oscar Niemeyer, the Paulista work embraced exposed concrete structures, chunkier massing, and rougher finishes.The two primary...
of the 1950s, characterized by expressed reinforced concrete structure.
Significant work
- Benedito Levi House, São Paulo, 1945
- Artigas House, São Paulo, 1948–1949
- Louveira Residential Complex, São Paulo, 1946–1949
- Bus Station (now Art Museum), LondrinaLondrinaLondrina is a city located in the northern region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, and is 369 km away from the capital, Curitiba. Londrina was originally founded by British settlers. The city exerts great influence on Paraná and Brazil's south region...
, 1951 - Estádio do MorumbiEstádio do MorumbiEstádio Cícero Pompeu de Toledo is a stadium in São Paulo, Brazil, home of São Paulo Futebol Clube and its formal name honors Cícero Pompeu de Toledo, who was São Paulo FC's chairman during most of the stadium construction, and died before its inauguration....
, São Paulo, 1952–1960 - Professor Jon Teodoresco State School, ItanhaémItanhaémItanhaém is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil. The population in 2004 is 85,294, the density is 142.39/km² and the area is 599 km². The elevation is 0 m....
, 1960–1961 - Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning (FAU) Center at University São Paulo, 1969
External links
- Vilanova Artigas Institute http://www.g-arquitetura.com.br/index.shtml
- The Faculty of Architecture in Sao Paulo http://www.archisquare.it/joao-batista-vilanova-artigas-edificio-fau-usp-faculdade-de-arquitetura-e-urbanismo-da-universidade-de-sao-paulo-sao-paulo/