José Ignacio Pavón
Encyclopedia
José Ignacio Pavón was a Mexican lawyer, jurist and politician. From August 13, 1860 to August 15, 1860, he served as unconstitutional interim conservative president of Mexico (in opposition to Benito Juárez
, the constitutional president).
Pavón was born in Veracruz, where he began his studies. He continued his education in the College of San Ildefonso in Mexico City
, where he studied philosophy and law (cánones y leyes).
He was an honorary city councilman of Mexico City in 1818 and secretary of the censorship junta in 1820. The city government of Mexico City named him juez de hecho (legal expert) on the law of the press in 1822. Although he recognized Agustín de Iturbide
as emperor, he was a supporter of the republican party.
From 1823 he was a senior officer in the Department of the Treasury. Upon the triumph of the Plan de Casamata of Antonio López de Santa Anna
, Vicente Guerrero
and Nicolás Bravo
against Iturbide, in 1824 he became an active participant in politics. The Governing Junta that succeeded Iturbide charged him with assembling materials to form a criminal code. In 1825 he became a senior officer in the Department of Foreign Relations. He worked to obtain British recognition of Mexico's independence, and for a commercial treaty. He was also interim political leader of Tabasco.
He fought in the War of Texas Independence
, and was defeated by Reuben Ross
in the Battle of Alcantra on October 3, 1839. He became a member of the Mexican Supreme Court
in 1841.
In 1860 he was acting president of the Supreme Court when conservative General Miguel Miramón
took Félix María Zuloaga
prisoner. Zuloaga escaped and returned to Mexico City, where he asked the Governing Junta to name him president of the country. While the Junta was assembling to debate the issue (it named Miramón president, not Zuloaga), Pavón served as acting president for two days (August 13-15, 1860). Afterwards he returned to the Supreme Court.
In 1863-64 he was a substitute member of the Council of Regency of the Empire, pending the arrival of Maximilian of Habsburg to take the throne. He was removed from this position before Maximilian's arrival.
He left politics and worked as a lawyer. He died in Mexico City at an advanced age in 1866.
Benito Juárez
Benito Juárez born Benito Pablo Juárez García, was a Mexican lawyer and politician of Zapotec origin from Oaxaca who served five terms as president of Mexico: 1858–1861 as interim, 1861–1865, 1865–1867, 1867–1871 and 1871–1872...
, the constitutional president).
Pavón was born in Veracruz, where he began his studies. He continued his education in the College of San Ildefonso in Mexico City
Mexico City
Mexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
, where he studied philosophy and law (cánones y leyes).
He was an honorary city councilman of Mexico City in 1818 and secretary of the censorship junta in 1820. The city government of Mexico City named him juez de hecho (legal expert) on the law of the press in 1822. Although he recognized Agustín de Iturbide
Agustín de Iturbide
Agustín Cosme Damián de Iturbide y Aramburu , also known as Augustine I of Mexico, was a Mexican army general who built a successful political and military coalition that was able to march into Mexico City on 27 September 1821, decisively ending the Mexican War of Independence...
as emperor, he was a supporter of the republican party.
From 1823 he was a senior officer in the Department of the Treasury. Upon the triumph of the Plan de Casamata of Antonio López de Santa Anna
Antonio López de Santa Anna
Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón , often known as Santa Anna or López de Santa Anna, known as "the Napoleon of the West," was a Mexican political leader, general, and president who greatly influenced early Mexican and Spanish politics and government...
, Vicente Guerrero
Vicente Guerrero
Vicente Ramón Guerrero Saldaña was one of the leading revolutionary generals of the Mexican War of Independence, who fought against Spain for independence in the early 19th century, and served briefly as President of Mexico...
and Nicolás Bravo
Nicolás Bravo
Nicolás Bravo was a Mexican politician and soldier. He distinguished himself in both offices during the 1846–1848 U.S. invasion of Mexico....
against Iturbide, in 1824 he became an active participant in politics. The Governing Junta that succeeded Iturbide charged him with assembling materials to form a criminal code. In 1825 he became a senior officer in the Department of Foreign Relations. He worked to obtain British recognition of Mexico's independence, and for a commercial treaty. He was also interim political leader of Tabasco.
He fought in the War of Texas Independence
Texas Revolution
The Texas Revolution or Texas War of Independence was an armed conflict between Mexico and settlers in the Texas portion of the Mexican state Coahuila y Tejas. The war lasted from October 2, 1835 to April 21, 1836...
, and was defeated by Reuben Ross
Reuben Ross
Reuben Ross is a Canadian diver. He just recently won the 1m and 3m events at Canadian nationals. He won the 2008 national championships on the 3m, 10m and 10m synchronized and competed in the individual 3m springboard and 10m platform events at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He currently...
in the Battle of Alcantra on October 3, 1839. He became a member of the Mexican Supreme Court
Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation
The Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation is the highest federal court in the United Mexican States. It consists of a President of the Supreme Court and ten Ministers who are confirmed by the Senate from a list proposed by the President of the Republic.Justices of the SCJN serve for fifteen...
in 1841.
In 1860 he was acting president of the Supreme Court when conservative General Miguel Miramón
Miguel Miramón
Miguel Gregorio de la Luz Atenógenes Miramón y Tarelo was a Mexican conservative general. He served as unconstitutional interim conservative president of Mexico .Miramón was born in Mexico City into a family of French heritage...
took Félix María Zuloaga
Félix María Zuloaga
Félix María Zuloaga Trillo was a Mexican general and a Conservative leader in the War of Reform. In the late 1850s and early 1860s, Zuloaga served as unconstitutional interim conservative president of Mexico .-Early years:Zuloaga was born in Álamos, Sonora...
prisoner. Zuloaga escaped and returned to Mexico City, where he asked the Governing Junta to name him president of the country. While the Junta was assembling to debate the issue (it named Miramón president, not Zuloaga), Pavón served as acting president for two days (August 13-15, 1860). Afterwards he returned to the Supreme Court.
In 1863-64 he was a substitute member of the Council of Regency of the Empire, pending the arrival of Maximilian of Habsburg to take the throne. He was removed from this position before Maximilian's arrival.
He left politics and worked as a lawyer. He died in Mexico City at an advanced age in 1866.