Josiah Winslow
Encyclopedia
Josiah Winslow was an American Pilgrim leader. He served as governor of Plymouth Colony
from 1673 to 1680.
Born in Plymouth Colony
(now Plymouth, Massachusetts), he was son of Edward Winslow
and Susanna White. In 1651 in London, with his father, he married Penelope Pelham, daughter of Herbert Pelham, the first treasurer of Harvard College
. She had previously lived in Plymouth Colony from 1638-1649. Edward, Josiah and Penelope had portraits painted in London that year. (Josiah's mother had remained in Plymouth on their estate, Careswell, in the town of Marshfield
.) Josiah returned to Plymouth with his wife in 1655, the same year his father died on an excursion to the Caribbean against the Dutch. Josiah was the first governor of the colony born in the New World and served at the time of King Philip's War
.
Josiah took a harsher stand against the Indians than his father had done. Instead of relying on their allies, the Wampanoag, for survival, learning New World skills, and as trade partners, the second generation Plymouth settlers were now eager to dominate this new land and further expand the colony. In this endeavor, the Wampanoag now stood in the way. Metacom, chief of the Wampanoag (aka King Philip) and Josiah, did not have a relationship of trust as did their fathers. Josiah demanded concessions from the Indians and demanded they give up their arms. In other equally overt and subtle ways the past alliance bonds were broken. Metacom, insulted in his own homeland, resisted, and decided to make a stand. He gathered native allies and the devastating King Philip's War soon broke out all over New England.
Josiah Winslow had two half-brothers. Resolved White was the eldest child of William and Susannah White, and had crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower while a young child. The second child born to William White and Susannah White was Peregrine White
, the first English child born in New England
.
Josiah and Penelope had a daughter who died at two days, a daughter Elizabeth, a son Edward who died in his first year and a son, Isaac.
Plymouth Colony
Plymouth Colony was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement, which served as the capital of the colony, is today the modern town...
from 1673 to 1680.
Born in Plymouth Colony
Plymouth Colony
Plymouth Colony was an English colonial venture in North America from 1620 to 1691. The first settlement of the Plymouth Colony was at New Plymouth, a location previously surveyed and named by Captain John Smith. The settlement, which served as the capital of the colony, is today the modern town...
(now Plymouth, Massachusetts), he was son of Edward Winslow
Edward Winslow
Edward Winslow was an English Pilgrim leader on the Mayflower. He served as the governor of Plymouth Colony in 1633, 1636, and finally in 1644...
and Susanna White. In 1651 in London, with his father, he married Penelope Pelham, daughter of Herbert Pelham, the first treasurer of Harvard College
Harvard College
Harvard College, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, is one of two schools within Harvard University granting undergraduate degrees...
. She had previously lived in Plymouth Colony from 1638-1649. Edward, Josiah and Penelope had portraits painted in London that year. (Josiah's mother had remained in Plymouth on their estate, Careswell, in the town of Marshfield
Marshfield, Massachusetts
Marshfield is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States, on Massachusetts's South Shore. The population was 25,132 at the 2010 census.See also: Green Harbor, Marshfield , Rexhame, Marshfield Hills, and Ocean Bluff and Brant Rock....
.) Josiah returned to Plymouth with his wife in 1655, the same year his father died on an excursion to the Caribbean against the Dutch. Josiah was the first governor of the colony born in the New World and served at the time of King Philip's War
King Philip's War
King Philip's War, sometimes called Metacom's War, Metacomet's War, or Metacom's Rebellion, was an armed conflict between Native American inhabitants of present-day southern New England and English colonists and their Native American allies in 1675–76. The war is named after the main leader of the...
.
Josiah took a harsher stand against the Indians than his father had done. Instead of relying on their allies, the Wampanoag, for survival, learning New World skills, and as trade partners, the second generation Plymouth settlers were now eager to dominate this new land and further expand the colony. In this endeavor, the Wampanoag now stood in the way. Metacom, chief of the Wampanoag (aka King Philip) and Josiah, did not have a relationship of trust as did their fathers. Josiah demanded concessions from the Indians and demanded they give up their arms. In other equally overt and subtle ways the past alliance bonds were broken. Metacom, insulted in his own homeland, resisted, and decided to make a stand. He gathered native allies and the devastating King Philip's War soon broke out all over New England.
Josiah Winslow had two half-brothers. Resolved White was the eldest child of William and Susannah White, and had crossed the Atlantic on the Mayflower while a young child. The second child born to William White and Susannah White was Peregrine White
Peregrine White
Peregrine White was the first English child born to the Pilgrims in the New World....
, the first English child born in New England
New England
New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of the six states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut...
.
Josiah and Penelope had a daughter who died at two days, a daughter Elizabeth, a son Edward who died in his first year and a son, Isaac.
External links
- Short biography of Josiah Winslow at Plymouth Hall Museum website
- Winslow Family Homestead