Jonathan Grudin
Encyclopedia
Jonathan Grudin is a Principal Researcher at Microsoft Research
in the fields of human-computer interaction (HCI) and computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). Grudin is a pioneer of the field of CSCW and one of its most prolific contributors. His collaboration distance to other HCI researchers has been described by the Grudin number, similar to the Erdős number
in mathematics. Grudin is also well known for the Grudin Paradox or Grudin Problem, which states basically with respect to the design of collaborative software
for organizational settings, "What may be in the
managers' best interests may not be in the ordinary users' interests."
Prior to working at Microsoft Research, Grudin was a Professor of Information and Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine
from 1991 to 1998. His career has spanned numerous institutions. He worked at Wang Laboratories
as a Computer Programmer (1974–1975 and 1983–1986) . He was a Visiting Scientist in the Psychology and Artificial Intelligence Laboratories at MIT (1976–1979) and then a NATO Postdoctoral Fellow at the Medical Research Council’s Applied Psychology Unit (now known as the Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
(1982–1983)). He spent from 1986-1989 at the Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
before taking a series of faculty positions (including visiting professorships) at Aarhus University (1989–1991), the University of California, Irvine
(1991–1998), Keio University
(1995) and the University of Oslo
(1997).
From 1997 to 2003, he was Editor-in-Chief of ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
(TOCHI), one of the most prestigious journals in the field of HCI. Grudin was inducted into the selective ACM
SIGCHI
CHI Academy in 2004. He holds a B.A.
in mathematics
and physics
from Reed College
(1972), a M.S.
in mathematics from Purdue University
, and a Ph.D.
in cognitive psychology
from the University of California, San Diego
(1981), where he was advised by Donald Norman
.
Microsoft Research
Microsoft Research is the research division of Microsoft created in 1991 for developing various computer science ideas and integrating them into Microsoft products. It currently employs Turing Award winners C.A.R. Hoare, Butler Lampson, and Charles P...
in the fields of human-computer interaction (HCI) and computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). Grudin is a pioneer of the field of CSCW and one of its most prolific contributors. His collaboration distance to other HCI researchers has been described by the Grudin number, similar to the Erdős number
Erdos number
The Erdős number describes the "collaborative distance" between a person and mathematician Paul Erdős, as measured by authorship of mathematical papers.The same principle has been proposed for other eminent persons in other fields.- Overview :...
in mathematics. Grudin is also well known for the Grudin Paradox or Grudin Problem, which states basically with respect to the design of collaborative software
Collaborative software
Collaborative software is computer software designed to help people involved in a common task achieve goals...
for organizational settings, "What may be in the
managers' best interests may not be in the ordinary users' interests."
Prior to working at Microsoft Research, Grudin was a Professor of Information and Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine
University of California, Irvine
The University of California, Irvine , founded in 1965, is one of the ten campuses of the University of California, located in Irvine, California, USA...
from 1991 to 1998. His career has spanned numerous institutions. He worked at Wang Laboratories
Wang Laboratories
Wang Laboratories was a computer company founded in 1951 by Dr. An Wang and Dr. G. Y. Chu. The company was successively headquartered in Cambridge , Tewksbury , and finally in Lowell, Massachusetts . At its peak in the 1980s, Wang Laboratories had annual revenues of $3 billion and employed over...
as a Computer Programmer (1974–1975 and 1983–1986) . He was a Visiting Scientist in the Psychology and Artificial Intelligence Laboratories at MIT (1976–1979) and then a NATO Postdoctoral Fellow at the Medical Research Council’s Applied Psychology Unit (now known as the Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit
The ' is a branch of the UK Medical Research Council, based in Cambridge, England. The CBSU is a world-leading centre for cognitive neuroscience, with a mission to improve human health by understanding and enhancing cognition and behaviour in health, disease and disorder...
(1982–1983)). He spent from 1986-1989 at the Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation
Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation was the first, and - at one time - one of the largest, computer industry research and development consortia in the United States....
before taking a series of faculty positions (including visiting professorships) at Aarhus University (1989–1991), the University of California, Irvine
University of California, Irvine
The University of California, Irvine , founded in 1965, is one of the ten campuses of the University of California, located in Irvine, California, USA...
(1991–1998), Keio University
Keio University
,abbreviated as Keio or Keidai , is a Japanese university located in Minato, Tokyo. It is known as the oldest institute of higher education in Japan. Founder Fukuzawa Yukichi originally established it as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo . It has eleven campuses in Tokyo and Kanagawa...
(1995) and the University of Oslo
University of Oslo
The University of Oslo , formerly The Royal Frederick University , is the oldest and largest university in Norway, situated in the Norwegian capital of Oslo. The university was founded in 1811 and was modelled after the recently established University of Berlin...
(1997).
From 1997 to 2003, he was Editor-in-Chief of ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction
ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that aims to be the premier archival journal in the multidisciplinary field of computer-human interaction. It has been published since 1994 by the Association for Computing Machinery.- Editors-in-Chief :*Shumin...
(TOCHI), one of the most prestigious journals in the field of HCI. Grudin was inducted into the selective ACM
Association for Computing Machinery
The Association for Computing Machinery is a learned society for computing. It was founded in 1947 as the world's first scientific and educational computing society. Its membership is more than 92,000 as of 2009...
SIGCHI
SIGCHI
SIGCHI is the Special Interest Group on Computer–Human Interaction, one of the Association for Computing Machinery's special interest groups....
CHI Academy in 2004. He holds a B.A.
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
in mathematics
Mathematics
Mathematics is the study of quantity, space, structure, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns and formulate new conjectures. Mathematicians resolve the truth or falsity of conjectures by mathematical proofs, which are arguments sufficient to convince other mathematicians of their validity...
and physics
Physics
Physics is a natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.Physics is one of the oldest academic...
from Reed College
Reed College
Reed College is a private, independent, liberal arts college located in southeast Portland, Oregon. Founded in 1908, Reed is a residential college with a campus located in Portland's Eastmoreland neighborhood, featuring architecture based on the Tudor-Gothic style, and a forested canyon wilderness...
(1972), a M.S.
Master of Science
A Master of Science is a postgraduate academic master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The degree is typically studied for in the sciences including the social sciences.-Brazil, Argentina and Uruguay:...
in mathematics from Purdue University
Purdue University
Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S., is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University system. Purdue was founded on May 6, 1869, as a land-grant university when the Indiana General Assembly, taking advantage of the Morrill Act, accepted a donation of land and...
, and a Ph.D.
Doctor of Philosophy
Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated as Ph.D., PhD, D.Phil., or DPhil , in English-speaking countries, is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities...
in cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology
Cognitive psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology exploring internal mental processes.It is the study of how people perceive, remember, think, speak, and solve problems.Cognitive psychology differs from previous psychological approaches in two key ways....
from the University of California, San Diego
University of California, San Diego
The University of California, San Diego, commonly known as UCSD or UC San Diego, is a public research university located in the La Jolla neighborhood of San Diego, California, United States...
(1981), where he was advised by Donald Norman
Donald Norman
Donald Arthur Norman is an academic in the field of cognitive science, design and usability engineering and a co-founder and consultant with the Nielsen Norman Group. He is the author of the book The Design of Everyday Things....
.