John Starr Cooke
Encyclopedia
John Starr Cooke was an American
mystic
and spiritual teacher who influenced the development of the counter-culture movement that emerged in San Francisco during 1966 1967. His teachings were based on the doctrine of “One consciousness”, which Cooke believed was communicated to him through a Ouija board
, during the early 1960s. He designed three original decks of Tarot cards: T: the New Tarot for the Aquarian Age (1967, 1992), the Atlantean Tarot (1992) and the Medieval Tarot (1992).
and Lily Love. He was a brother of composer Francis Judd Cooke
, nephew of zoologist Charles Montague Cooke Jr
, grandson of arts philanthropist Anna Rice Cooke
, great-grandson of New England missionaries Amos Starr Cooke
and Juliette Montague, and great-great-great grandson of American military officer in the Revolutionary war and politician Josiah (Joseph) Platt Cooke.
According to Brion Gysin
, Cooke was in touch with the Kahunas of Hawaii from an early age. In later life, Cooke knew Kahuna David “Big Daddy” Bray (1889–1968), and it is likely that this connection with Bray went back to his childhood.
Cooke developed a lifelong interest in the Tarot at the age of nine when he mistakenly bought a Tarot deck instead of regular playing cards.
John travelled to mainland USA (particularly to San Francisco) many times with his mother before her death in 1933. John’s sister Alice married Democrat politician and lawyer Roger Kent
in 1930. They lived at Kentfield in Marin County of San Francisco, and after Lily’s death, Alice took on a mothering role for the young John. John continued to travel regularly from Honolulu to San Francisco through the 1930s.
At 19, Cooke employed the Ouija board at Kentfield with Alice Kent (who was also mystically inclined). He would continue to use the Ouija board for at least the next thirty years.
At this age, Cooke was also a dancer and actor in Hollywood. He was published by the Theosophical Society in 1940 with a short story entitled “Black Magic Question Mark”. He moved permanently away from Hawaii to California after July 1940.
In 1944 John’s father Clarence Hyde Cooke died.
By the late 1940s Cooke had become associated with the Meher Baba
movement. According to Brion Gysin, Cooke donated his estate (which included Sulphur Mountain) in Ojai, California to the group. The property became known as Meher Mount
. At around this time Cooke’s wife sued for divorce and was awarded a large settlement. Cooke moved away from the Meher Baba movement. He remained in contact, however, with Meher Baba himself.
Cooke was an associate of L Ron Hubbard in the early 1950s and was reputed to have been the very first “clear” in the Scientology system.
Cooke was also “strongly drawn” to the Bahai faith, most likely between 1940 and 1952.
Around 1952 – 53 Cooke left the US for northern Africa where he lived for several years.
On their travels the Cookes heard about Brion Gysin
and his 1001 Nights restaurant in Tangier. Around mid-1955 they found Gysin, having been sent across the Sahara by their Ouija board in search of him. Gysin later described Cooke as “a practising magician on a private income.” John and Mary Cooke were soon regulars at Gysin’s restaurant and became financially involved. Gysin later featured John and Mary Cooke in his novel The Process
as Thay and Mya Himmer. According to Gysin, Cooke had a unique style of whirling Dervish dancing.
In August 1956 the Cookes planned to move to Algiers and live in a renovated colonial villa; however, their plans changed after a mysterious encounter in a Tangier bank with family members of the Sufi sect. According to his sister Alice, as Cooke stood in the bank queue, a scarf was placed on his shoulders. As he left the bank, he suddenly tore the scarf off, due to a burning sensation on his shoulder, simultaneous with the feeling of a heavy blow to the base of the spine. He was thereafter paralysed and remained unable to use his legs properly for the rest of his life. In addition, he had a burn-like mark on his shoulder that remained with him for life. The Cookes continued to Algiers as planned, but Mary called Gysin in Tangier for assistance. She paid him to close 1001 Nights for a time and in Algiers Gysin carried Cooke around on his back in search of medical help. Gysin also adopted Cooke’s appearance of close-shaven head and goatee. After unsuccessful treatment in France and Denmark, Cooke returned to the US and separated from Mary, who remained in Tangier.
Cooke was looking for a cure for his paralysis. He was told by his friend John G Bennett, a leading Gurdjieff follower, about an Indonesian religious leader, Pak Muhammed Subuh Sumohadiwidjojo, and the religious group Subud
. Cooke would likely have heard of the apparently miraculous cancer cure of Hollywood actress Eva Bartok
after she was “opened” in the Subud method in May 1957; the case was widely reported in the press in November 1957. Cooke agreed to finance Subuh’s stopover in the US and, with his sister Alice Kent, greeted Subuh on his arrival in San Francisco 22 March 1958. At around this time, Cooke moved to the Carmel highlands and his home became the Carmel headquarters for Subud.
. Bowen’s friend, fellow Beat artist Michael McCracken told him of a “real wizard” that he ought to check out and they went together to Cooke’s Carmel home to see him. Cooke became particularly close to Michael Bowen and the two would work together until Cooke’s death.
The Subud devotees who had gathered around Cooke in 1958 formed the nucleus of a meditation group. The group met frequently and attracted many others. At the beginning of 1962 the meditation group received a general impression that “something” was coming. 5 February 1962, when seven planets were conjoined in Aquarius, was seen by some astrologers as the date of a worldwide catastrophe. Cooke’s group had expected not a catastrophe but a change in consciousness affecting all of mankind.
Cooke’s house was used by other groups as a venue to hold spiritually oriented workshops. Members of the Baha’i faith visited Cooke at the Carmel highlands, perhaps a continuation of his earlier strong interest in the Baha’is.
On the evening of 17 August 1962 a spontaneous Ouija board session took place at Carmel. Although the group of people present – Cooke, Bill Eaton, Nadine and Dean - had been meeting regularly to meditate, they had not previously together used the Ouija board. Cooke “just got out a big piece of paper and wrote the alphabet around and used a silver dollar.”
John unsuccessfully tried Nadine and Dean as operators of the silver dollar planchette, but as soon as he paired with Bill Eaton “the board just….started whizzing around.”
“The flow, once started, was unerring; there was no hesitation for a letter and no mistakes were made. Nadine began to record the letters as Bill Eaton read them off aloud. The pace was so swift that no one could have followed the meaning if Nadine had not recorded.”
The messages came in a torrent of letters that had to be later separated into words and sentences.
The group met again for another session on 29 August. They again communicated with the entity which later identified itself as “WE”, or “ONE”. The group continued to meet and hold Ouija sessions at Carmel every week or so for the next fifteen months. For each session they would draw up a new alphabet board and draw a different symbol in the middle.
At the 20 October 1962 session, “ONE” introduced the New Tarot for the Aquarian Age, and described two of the new tarot trumps (or “Books”), the Nameless One and the Hanging Man. On 3 November more information was received concerning the Nameless One, and in the week following, Cooke painted it. For the next five months, descriptions of the remaining twenty Books were given by “ONE” and Cooke painted the images accordingly. On 26 March 1963 “ONE” gave the final New Tarot card description, although the ONE Ouija sessions continued.
The Cooke group incorporated dozens of visitors into the ONE Ouija sessions, including Andrea Puharich, author of the 1959 book The Sacred Mushroom.
During April 1963, Cooke hosted David “Big Daddy” Bray, the Hawaiian Kahuna, now aged 73. A couple of months later a long-time member of Cooke’s group, David M, went to Hawaii and was for a time the favoured disciple of Bray.
Cooke found the many visitors to Carmel a burden, and in May 1963 considered a permanent move to Mexico to be relieved of this, as well as to reduce his living expenses.
Cooke attended a Subud conference when Pak Subuh came to San Francisco around September 1963. Cooke, as per Subud custom, asked for and received a new name from Subuh, Lionel. By this time, the 1958 Subud group in Carmel had dwindled to only Cooke and Dean, who also attended the conference.
The final ONE Ouija session at Carmel was held on 16 November 1963, and by the end of 1963, Cooke was living at Tepotzlan in Morelos, Mexico.
In late 1963 Cooke welcomed Michael Bowen to his home in Tepoztlan. In January 1964 Cooke presided over Bowen’s initiatory ritual consumption of datura stramonium
, an age-old means of inducing visions. Subsequent to this transformative experience, Bowen spent two weeks in a coma at the American Hospital in Mexico City.
Cooke nursed Bowen back to health in Tepoztlan. When Bowen had recovered, Cooke sent him to New York, providing money and a place to stay in New York City. Cooke’s aim was for Bowen to draw Dr Timothy Leary and his associates at Millbrook, New York into Cooke’s circle of influence. Cooke had taken LSD in December 1962 and wished to find out whether Leary and his associates would, with LSD, create something positive or create more danger and damage for the future.
Bowen arrived in New York around April 1964 and was unable to find Leary until mid-1964.
On Bowen’s first trip to Millbrook (likely between June 1964 and October 1964), he took large copies of the New Tarot images that Cooke had painted. Leary was interested and Ralph Metzner
was “immediately struck by their evocative force.” Leary later referred to Cooke as “the great crippled wizard”. Bowen paid a second visit to Millbrook around January 1965.
Bowen kept Cooke informed of the latest developments in the psychedelic movement. Bowen was part of a loose-knit group under the direction of Cooke called the Psychedelic Rangers. The individuals in this group were dispatched to areas where psychedelic culture was emerging in order to further the movement.
On May 28, 1965 the ONE Ouija sessions were re-convened at Tepotzlan when Rosalind Sharpe Wall and Bill Eaton came to visit Cooke. Bill Eaton stayed in Mexico and the ONE Ouija sessions continued sporadically for the next nine months. In early January 1966 Cooke and Eaton flew up from Mexico and held a couple of ONE Ouija sessions in Bolinas, California. On 16 February 1966 Cooke and Eaton held the final ONE Ouija session in Mexico.
In May 1966 Cooke directed Michael Bowen to return to San Francisco, where a psychedelic community was gathering force in the Haight Ashbury district. Bowen discovered the San Francisco Oracle
and its editor Allen Cohen
and became a member of Oracle staff. Cooke was later published in Oracle number nine, in an essay beginning “ONE – that Great Architect of the Universes – designed a single Design.”
Cooke spoke to Michael Bowen on 6 October 1966, the day LSD became illegal. Bowen and Allen Cohen had just conducted the Love Pageant Rally
, and Bowen phoned Cooke to report on its success. During the conversation they conceived the plan for the Human Be-In
.
On 14 January 1967, Cooke and associates in Mexico spent six hours meditating in sympathy with the Human Be-In, organised by Michael Bowen and associates, as it unfolded at the Polo Fields of Golden Gate Park. At least twenty thousand people attended the Be-In including Timothy Leary, Allen Ginsberg, Gary Snyder, Michael McClure, Lenore Kandell, The Grateful Dead and Big Brother and the Holding Company, and the event is widely recognised as the catalyst that led to the Summer of Love
later that year. After the Be-In had finished, Bowen called Mexico, and both he and Allen Ginsberg spoke with Cooke.
Cooke formed The Church of ONE in early 1967. The Church of ONE was represented at a press conference held in the Haight Ashbury on 5 April 1967 for “The Council for the Summer of Love”. Other members of the Church of ONE included Rosalind Sharpe Wall and Michael Bowen.
In mid-1967, Michael Bowen left the Haight Ashbury and returned to Mexico where he lived with Cooke in Tepoztlan.
In October 1967 Cooke gave Bowen money to fly from Mexico to New York. The anti-war March on the Pentagon was being threatened by radical elements seeking confrontation. In New York, Bowen raised further money from Peggy Hitchcock, drove to Washington and purchased thousands of daisies. Some of these flowers were photographed in the gun- barrels of the soldiers protecting the Pentagon, and this image became iconic of the Sixties. Bowen again spoke to Cooke after the event.
During 1968, the 22 New Tarot images were published as large meditation posters. In December 1968 T: The New Tarot, a book by Cooke and Rosalind Sharpe Wall, was published.
In April 1969 Cooke and his partner Pablo flew to California for a final Ouija session. Bill Eaton, Rosalind Sharpe Wall and four others attended, including Dr Ralph Metzner, who wrote an introduction to T: the New Tarot.
In September 1969 the complete 78-card New Tarot for the Aquarian Age was issued as a box set, with an instruction booklet and a revised version of T: The New Tarot. The box set was re-issued in April 1970 and July 1970.
By the 1970s the mysterious burn on Cooke’s shoulder, despite coming and going over the years, remained an open sore. He had previously travelled to the US for two unsuccessful operations to have it closed up, where the ailment was diagnosed as skin cancer. On a third occasion he was told the wound was too deep for surgery and that nothing more could be done. In due course, the cancer would cut through an artery in his neck and he would bleed to death.
In 1971 Cooke denounced Timothy Leary.
Cooke continued to practice magic and to teach ONE consciousness, attracting new students as well as old. Michael Bowen paid a final visit in 1973. In 1974, Rosalind Sharpe Wall issued the ONE Ouija session transcripts as “The Word of One”.
As John grew weaker, Alice went down to Mexico to care for him.
In early 1976 Cooke became the basis of a film, Prophecy of the Royal Maze, which showed him doing a New Tarot reading for the Aquarian Age. By this time he was in great pain from a swollen hand caused by the cancer in his shoulder moving down his arm. He saw a preliminary version of the film a few nights before he died but the film was not completed for another year.
Cooke died 21 August 1976, aged 56.
Prophesy of the Royal Maze was released 21 June 1978 and screened in Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, London and Honolulu.
In 1979, Alice Kent issued Communify, a New Tarot-based board game that she had devised with Cooke.
In 1992 Alice Kent re-issued the New Tarot as part of a box set, which included the Atlantean Tarot and the Medieval Tarot.
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
mystic
Mysticism
Mysticism is the knowledge of, and especially the personal experience of, states of consciousness, i.e. levels of being, beyond normal human perception, including experience and even communion with a supreme being.-Classical origins:...
and spiritual teacher who influenced the development of the counter-culture movement that emerged in San Francisco during 1966 1967. His teachings were based on the doctrine of “One consciousness”, which Cooke believed was communicated to him through a Ouija board
Ouija Board
Ouija Board is a Thoroughbred mare racehorse owned by Edward Stanley, 19th Earl of Derby and trained by Ed Dunlop. In a career spanning four seasons, she won 10 of her 22 races, 7 of them Group 1s, including the Epsom Oaks in 2004 and the Hong Kong Vase in 2005...
, during the early 1960s. He designed three original decks of Tarot cards: T: the New Tarot for the Aquarian Age (1967, 1992), the Atlantean Tarot (1992) and the Medieval Tarot (1992).
Early Life Honolulu, Hawaii 1920–1940
Cooke was born into a wealthy family in Honolulu, Hawaii in 1920, the youngest of the eight children of Clarence Hyde CookeClarence Hyde Cooke
-Life:Clarence Cooke was born April 17, 1876 in Honolulu, Hawaii. He was the second son of Charles Montague Cooke and Anna Rice Cooke, and grandson of New England Congregational missionaries to Hawaii Amos Starr Cooke and William Harrison Rice, and thus partial heir to the fortune of Castle &...
and Lily Love. He was a brother of composer Francis Judd Cooke
Francis Judd Cooke
Francis Judd Cooke was an American composer, organist, cellist, pianist, conductor, choir director, and professor.-Life:...
, nephew of zoologist Charles Montague Cooke Jr
Charles Montague Cooke Jr
Charles Montague Cooke, Jr. was an American malacologist who published under the name of C. Montague Cooke or C.M. Cooke.-Life:Charles Montague Cooke, Jr. was born in Honolulu, Hawaii on December 20, 1874....
, grandson of arts philanthropist Anna Rice Cooke
Anna Rice Cooke
Anna Rice Cooke was a patron of the arts and the founder of the Honolulu Academy of Arts.-Biography:Anna Charlotte Rice was born on September 5, 1853 into a prominent missionary family on Oahu, Hawaii. Her father was teacher William Harrison Rice , and her mother was Mary Sophia Hyde. Anna grew...
, great-grandson of New England missionaries Amos Starr Cooke
Amos Starr Cooke
Amos Starr Cooke was an educator and businessman in the Kingdom of Hawaii. He was patriarch of a family that influenced Hawaii during the 20th century.-Life:Amos Starr Cooke was born in Danbury, Connecticut, December 1, 1810....
and Juliette Montague, and great-great-great grandson of American military officer in the Revolutionary war and politician Josiah (Joseph) Platt Cooke.
According to Brion Gysin
Brion Gysin
Brion Gysin was a painter, writer, sound poet, and performance artist born in Taplow, Buckinghamshire.He is best known for his discovery of the cut-up technique, used by his friend, the novelist William S. Burroughs...
, Cooke was in touch with the Kahunas of Hawaii from an early age. In later life, Cooke knew Kahuna David “Big Daddy” Bray (1889–1968), and it is likely that this connection with Bray went back to his childhood.
Cooke developed a lifelong interest in the Tarot at the age of nine when he mistakenly bought a Tarot deck instead of regular playing cards.
John travelled to mainland USA (particularly to San Francisco) many times with his mother before her death in 1933. John’s sister Alice married Democrat politician and lawyer Roger Kent
Roger Kent
Roger Kent, , was the son of William Kent and Elizabeth Kent. His father served in the U.S. Congress between 1910 and 1917. After his family returned to California, Kent attended Tamalpais High School in Mill Valley beginning in 1919. He then boarded for three years at the Thacher School to...
in 1930. They lived at Kentfield in Marin County of San Francisco, and after Lily’s death, Alice took on a mothering role for the young John. John continued to travel regularly from Honolulu to San Francisco through the 1930s.
At 19, Cooke employed the Ouija board at Kentfield with Alice Kent (who was also mystically inclined). He would continue to use the Ouija board for at least the next thirty years.
At this age, Cooke was also a dancer and actor in Hollywood. He was published by the Theosophical Society in 1940 with a short story entitled “Black Magic Question Mark”. He moved permanently away from Hawaii to California after July 1940.
1940s and early 1950s
In 1941 Cooke married for the first time, on the strength of the Ouija board. He travelled the world, including a mission to go as far north and as far south as possible. On his travels, he would study old Tarot decks in museums, and spent considerable time living in London. Around this time, Cooke’s first wife had a series of visions which he drew and which became known as the Atlantean Tarot (published 1992).In 1944 John’s father Clarence Hyde Cooke died.
By the late 1940s Cooke had become associated with the Meher Baba
Meher Baba
Meher Baba , , born Merwan Sheriar Irani, was an Indian mystic and spiritual master who declared publicly in 1954 that he was the Avatar of the age....
movement. According to Brion Gysin, Cooke donated his estate (which included Sulphur Mountain) in Ojai, California to the group. The property became known as Meher Mount
Meher Mount
Meher Mount is a spiritual center in Ojai, California that is dedicated to Meher Baba.It consists of of dense woodland and open fields on Sulphur Mountain in Ojai, California, about north of Los Angeles...
. At around this time Cooke’s wife sued for divorce and was awarded a large settlement. Cooke moved away from the Meher Baba movement. He remained in contact, however, with Meher Baba himself.
Cooke was an associate of L Ron Hubbard in the early 1950s and was reputed to have been the very first “clear” in the Scientology system.
Cooke was also “strongly drawn” to the Bahai faith, most likely between 1940 and 1952.
Around 1952 – 53 Cooke left the US for northern Africa where he lived for several years.
Northern Africa ca. 1953–1956
Cooke and his new wife Mary travelled together throughout northern Africa on vision quests. Although he never considered himself a Muslim, John became associated with a Sufi sect amongst whom he was regarded as “a great healer and saint”.On their travels the Cookes heard about Brion Gysin
Brion Gysin
Brion Gysin was a painter, writer, sound poet, and performance artist born in Taplow, Buckinghamshire.He is best known for his discovery of the cut-up technique, used by his friend, the novelist William S. Burroughs...
and his 1001 Nights restaurant in Tangier. Around mid-1955 they found Gysin, having been sent across the Sahara by their Ouija board in search of him. Gysin later described Cooke as “a practising magician on a private income.” John and Mary Cooke were soon regulars at Gysin’s restaurant and became financially involved. Gysin later featured John and Mary Cooke in his novel The Process
The Process
-Personnel:* Nivek Ogre* cEvin Key* Dwayne Goettel* Dave Ogilvie – mixing, guitar * Ken "Hi-watt" Marshall – mixing* Pat Sprawl – guitar * Philth – wave manipulation...
as Thay and Mya Himmer. According to Gysin, Cooke had a unique style of whirling Dervish dancing.
In August 1956 the Cookes planned to move to Algiers and live in a renovated colonial villa; however, their plans changed after a mysterious encounter in a Tangier bank with family members of the Sufi sect. According to his sister Alice, as Cooke stood in the bank queue, a scarf was placed on his shoulders. As he left the bank, he suddenly tore the scarf off, due to a burning sensation on his shoulder, simultaneous with the feeling of a heavy blow to the base of the spine. He was thereafter paralysed and remained unable to use his legs properly for the rest of his life. In addition, he had a burn-like mark on his shoulder that remained with him for life. The Cookes continued to Algiers as planned, but Mary called Gysin in Tangier for assistance. She paid him to close 1001 Nights for a time and in Algiers Gysin carried Cooke around on his back in search of medical help. Gysin also adopted Cooke’s appearance of close-shaven head and goatee. After unsuccessful treatment in France and Denmark, Cooke returned to the US and separated from Mary, who remained in Tangier.
Return to America ca. 1957
Cooke returned to California either late in 1956 or during 1957. He was told he would eventually be able to walk with the aid of crutches; however, Cooke did not wish to become a spectacle and an object of pity, and chose instead the dignity of the wheelchair. He first stayed at a rehabilitation centre, then with Alice and Roger Kent at Kentfield until March 1958.Cooke was looking for a cure for his paralysis. He was told by his friend John G Bennett, a leading Gurdjieff follower, about an Indonesian religious leader, Pak Muhammed Subuh Sumohadiwidjojo, and the religious group Subud
Subud
Subud is an international spiritual movement that began in Indonesia in the 1920s as a movement founded by Muhammad Subuh Sumohadiwidjojo. The basis of Subud is a spiritual exercise commonly referred to as the latihan kejiwaan, which was said by Muhammad Subuh to represent guidance from...
. Cooke would likely have heard of the apparently miraculous cancer cure of Hollywood actress Eva Bartok
Eva Bartok
Eva Bartok , born Eva Ivanova Szöke, was an actress born in Budapest, Hungary. She began acting in films in 1950 and her last credited appearance was in 1966...
after she was “opened” in the Subud method in May 1957; the case was widely reported in the press in November 1957. Cooke agreed to finance Subuh’s stopover in the US and, with his sister Alice Kent, greeted Subuh on his arrival in San Francisco 22 March 1958. At around this time, Cooke moved to the Carmel highlands and his home became the Carmel headquarters for Subud.
Carmel, California 1958–1963
Around mid-1958, Cooke met the young San Francisco-based Beat artist Michael BowenMichael Bowen
Michael Bowen may refer to:* Michael George Bowen, former Archbishop of Southwark* Michael Bowen , American film and television actor* Michael Bowen , American artist...
. Bowen’s friend, fellow Beat artist Michael McCracken told him of a “real wizard” that he ought to check out and they went together to Cooke’s Carmel home to see him. Cooke became particularly close to Michael Bowen and the two would work together until Cooke’s death.
The Subud devotees who had gathered around Cooke in 1958 formed the nucleus of a meditation group. The group met frequently and attracted many others. At the beginning of 1962 the meditation group received a general impression that “something” was coming. 5 February 1962, when seven planets were conjoined in Aquarius, was seen by some astrologers as the date of a worldwide catastrophe. Cooke’s group had expected not a catastrophe but a change in consciousness affecting all of mankind.
Cooke’s house was used by other groups as a venue to hold spiritually oriented workshops. Members of the Baha’i faith visited Cooke at the Carmel highlands, perhaps a continuation of his earlier strong interest in the Baha’is.
On the evening of 17 August 1962 a spontaneous Ouija board session took place at Carmel. Although the group of people present – Cooke, Bill Eaton, Nadine and Dean - had been meeting regularly to meditate, they had not previously together used the Ouija board. Cooke “just got out a big piece of paper and wrote the alphabet around and used a silver dollar.”
John unsuccessfully tried Nadine and Dean as operators of the silver dollar planchette, but as soon as he paired with Bill Eaton “the board just….started whizzing around.”
“The flow, once started, was unerring; there was no hesitation for a letter and no mistakes were made. Nadine began to record the letters as Bill Eaton read them off aloud. The pace was so swift that no one could have followed the meaning if Nadine had not recorded.”
The messages came in a torrent of letters that had to be later separated into words and sentences.
The group met again for another session on 29 August. They again communicated with the entity which later identified itself as “WE”, or “ONE”. The group continued to meet and hold Ouija sessions at Carmel every week or so for the next fifteen months. For each session they would draw up a new alphabet board and draw a different symbol in the middle.
At the 20 October 1962 session, “ONE” introduced the New Tarot for the Aquarian Age, and described two of the new tarot trumps (or “Books”), the Nameless One and the Hanging Man. On 3 November more information was received concerning the Nameless One, and in the week following, Cooke painted it. For the next five months, descriptions of the remaining twenty Books were given by “ONE” and Cooke painted the images accordingly. On 26 March 1963 “ONE” gave the final New Tarot card description, although the ONE Ouija sessions continued.
The Cooke group incorporated dozens of visitors into the ONE Ouija sessions, including Andrea Puharich, author of the 1959 book The Sacred Mushroom.
During April 1963, Cooke hosted David “Big Daddy” Bray, the Hawaiian Kahuna, now aged 73. A couple of months later a long-time member of Cooke’s group, David M, went to Hawaii and was for a time the favoured disciple of Bray.
Cooke found the many visitors to Carmel a burden, and in May 1963 considered a permanent move to Mexico to be relieved of this, as well as to reduce his living expenses.
Cooke attended a Subud conference when Pak Subuh came to San Francisco around September 1963. Cooke, as per Subud custom, asked for and received a new name from Subuh, Lionel. By this time, the 1958 Subud group in Carmel had dwindled to only Cooke and Dean, who also attended the conference.
The final ONE Ouija session at Carmel was held on 16 November 1963, and by the end of 1963, Cooke was living at Tepotzlan in Morelos, Mexico.
Tepotzlan, Mexico 1963–1976
Cooke led quite a social life in Mexico according to his sister Alice Kent, and held parties and hosted many guests from the US.In late 1963 Cooke welcomed Michael Bowen to his home in Tepoztlan. In January 1964 Cooke presided over Bowen’s initiatory ritual consumption of datura stramonium
Datura stramonium
Datura stramonium, known by the common names Jimson weed, devil's trumpet, devil's weed, thorn apple, tolguacha, Jamestown weed, stinkweed, locoweed, datura, pricklyburr, devil's cucumber, Hell's Bells, moonflower and, in South Africa, malpitte and mad seeds, is a common weed in the...
, an age-old means of inducing visions. Subsequent to this transformative experience, Bowen spent two weeks in a coma at the American Hospital in Mexico City.
Cooke nursed Bowen back to health in Tepoztlan. When Bowen had recovered, Cooke sent him to New York, providing money and a place to stay in New York City. Cooke’s aim was for Bowen to draw Dr Timothy Leary and his associates at Millbrook, New York into Cooke’s circle of influence. Cooke had taken LSD in December 1962 and wished to find out whether Leary and his associates would, with LSD, create something positive or create more danger and damage for the future.
Bowen arrived in New York around April 1964 and was unable to find Leary until mid-1964.
On Bowen’s first trip to Millbrook (likely between June 1964 and October 1964), he took large copies of the New Tarot images that Cooke had painted. Leary was interested and Ralph Metzner
Ralph Metzner
Ralph Metzner Ph.D. , is an American psychologist, writer and researcher, who participated in psychedelic research at Harvard University in the early 1960s with Timothy Leary and Richard Alpert . Dr...
was “immediately struck by their evocative force.” Leary later referred to Cooke as “the great crippled wizard”. Bowen paid a second visit to Millbrook around January 1965.
Bowen kept Cooke informed of the latest developments in the psychedelic movement. Bowen was part of a loose-knit group under the direction of Cooke called the Psychedelic Rangers. The individuals in this group were dispatched to areas where psychedelic culture was emerging in order to further the movement.
On May 28, 1965 the ONE Ouija sessions were re-convened at Tepotzlan when Rosalind Sharpe Wall and Bill Eaton came to visit Cooke. Bill Eaton stayed in Mexico and the ONE Ouija sessions continued sporadically for the next nine months. In early January 1966 Cooke and Eaton flew up from Mexico and held a couple of ONE Ouija sessions in Bolinas, California. On 16 February 1966 Cooke and Eaton held the final ONE Ouija session in Mexico.
In May 1966 Cooke directed Michael Bowen to return to San Francisco, where a psychedelic community was gathering force in the Haight Ashbury district. Bowen discovered the San Francisco Oracle
San Francisco Oracle
The Oracle of the City of San Francisco, also known as the San Francisco Oracle, was an underground newspaper published in 12 issues from September 20, 1966, to February 1968 in the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood of that city...
and its editor Allen Cohen
Allen Cohen
-See also:*Alan N. Cohen, American businessman, owner of basketball teams*Alan Cohen, American businessman, owner of ice hockey team...
and became a member of Oracle staff. Cooke was later published in Oracle number nine, in an essay beginning “ONE – that Great Architect of the Universes – designed a single Design.”
Cooke spoke to Michael Bowen on 6 October 1966, the day LSD became illegal. Bowen and Allen Cohen had just conducted the Love Pageant Rally
Love Pageant Rally
The Love Pageant Rally took place on October 6, 1966 — the day LSD became illegal — in the 'panhandle' of Golden Gate Park, a narrower section that projects into San Francisco's Haight-Ashbury district...
, and Bowen phoned Cooke to report on its success. During the conversation they conceived the plan for the Human Be-In
Human Be-In
The Human Be-In was a happening in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park, the afternoon and evening of January 14, 1967. It was a prelude to San Francisco's Summer of Love, which made the Haight-Ashbury district a symbol as the center of an American counterculture and introduced the word 'psychedelic'...
.
On 14 January 1967, Cooke and associates in Mexico spent six hours meditating in sympathy with the Human Be-In, organised by Michael Bowen and associates, as it unfolded at the Polo Fields of Golden Gate Park. At least twenty thousand people attended the Be-In including Timothy Leary, Allen Ginsberg, Gary Snyder, Michael McClure, Lenore Kandell, The Grateful Dead and Big Brother and the Holding Company, and the event is widely recognised as the catalyst that led to the Summer of Love
Summer of Love
The Summer of Love was a social phenomenon that occurred during the summer of 1967, when as many as 100,000 people converged on the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood of San Francisco, creating a cultural and political rebellion...
later that year. After the Be-In had finished, Bowen called Mexico, and both he and Allen Ginsberg spoke with Cooke.
Cooke formed The Church of ONE in early 1967. The Church of ONE was represented at a press conference held in the Haight Ashbury on 5 April 1967 for “The Council for the Summer of Love”. Other members of the Church of ONE included Rosalind Sharpe Wall and Michael Bowen.
In mid-1967, Michael Bowen left the Haight Ashbury and returned to Mexico where he lived with Cooke in Tepoztlan.
In October 1967 Cooke gave Bowen money to fly from Mexico to New York. The anti-war March on the Pentagon was being threatened by radical elements seeking confrontation. In New York, Bowen raised further money from Peggy Hitchcock, drove to Washington and purchased thousands of daisies. Some of these flowers were photographed in the gun- barrels of the soldiers protecting the Pentagon, and this image became iconic of the Sixties. Bowen again spoke to Cooke after the event.
During 1968, the 22 New Tarot images were published as large meditation posters. In December 1968 T: The New Tarot, a book by Cooke and Rosalind Sharpe Wall, was published.
In April 1969 Cooke and his partner Pablo flew to California for a final Ouija session. Bill Eaton, Rosalind Sharpe Wall and four others attended, including Dr Ralph Metzner, who wrote an introduction to T: the New Tarot.
In September 1969 the complete 78-card New Tarot for the Aquarian Age was issued as a box set, with an instruction booklet and a revised version of T: The New Tarot. The box set was re-issued in April 1970 and July 1970.
By the 1970s the mysterious burn on Cooke’s shoulder, despite coming and going over the years, remained an open sore. He had previously travelled to the US for two unsuccessful operations to have it closed up, where the ailment was diagnosed as skin cancer. On a third occasion he was told the wound was too deep for surgery and that nothing more could be done. In due course, the cancer would cut through an artery in his neck and he would bleed to death.
In 1971 Cooke denounced Timothy Leary.
Cooke continued to practice magic and to teach ONE consciousness, attracting new students as well as old. Michael Bowen paid a final visit in 1973. In 1974, Rosalind Sharpe Wall issued the ONE Ouija session transcripts as “The Word of One”.
As John grew weaker, Alice went down to Mexico to care for him.
In early 1976 Cooke became the basis of a film, Prophecy of the Royal Maze, which showed him doing a New Tarot reading for the Aquarian Age. By this time he was in great pain from a swollen hand caused by the cancer in his shoulder moving down his arm. He saw a preliminary version of the film a few nights before he died but the film was not completed for another year.
Cooke died 21 August 1976, aged 56.
Prophesy of the Royal Maze was released 21 June 1978 and screened in Los Angeles, San Francisco, New York, London and Honolulu.
In 1979, Alice Kent issued Communify, a New Tarot-based board game that she had devised with Cooke.
In 1992 Alice Kent re-issued the New Tarot as part of a box set, which included the Atlantean Tarot and the Medieval Tarot.