John Henry Caldwell
Encyclopedia
John Henry Caldwell was a U.S. Representative
from Alabama
.
Born in Huntsville, Alabama
, Caldwell attended the common schools of Huntsville and Bacon College, Harrodsburg, Kentucky
.
He taught school in Limestone County, Alabama
, four years.
He moved to Jacksonville, Alabama
, in 1848.
He was principal of the Jacksonville Female Academy 1848-1852 and of the Jacksonville Male Academy 1853-1857.
Edited the Jacksonville Republican in 1851 and 1852 and assumed the editorship of the Sunny South in 1855.
He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1857 and 1858.
He studied law.
He was admitted to the bar
in 1859 and commenced practice in Jacksonville, Alabama
.
During the Civil War
enlisted in the Confederate States Army
and organized Company A of the Tenth Alabama Regiment, from St. Clair and Calhoun Counties, and served throughout the war.
He was promoted to major and then to lieutenant colonel.
He served in the Army of Virginia.
Caldwell was elected solicitor for the tenth judicial circuit in 1863 but was deposed by the Provisional Governor in 1865.
He was reelected the same year, and in 1867 was removed from office for refusing to obey military orders.
Cardwell was first elected to congress on November 5, 1872 as a fusion candidate of the Liberal Republican
and Democratic
parties. He received 62.62% of the vote. He was elected to represent Alabama's 5th congressional district
, which at the time encompassed the most north-eastern part of Alabama.
He was re-elected in 1874 as a straight Democrat candidate with 59.19% of the vote. Caldwell was a member of the Forty-third
and Forty-fourth
Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877).
He served as chairman of the Committee on Agriculture (Forty-fourth Congress).
He was not a candidate for renomination in 1876.
He resumed the practice of law.
He died in Jacksonville, Alabama
, September 4, 1902.
He was interred in Jacksonville Cemetery.
United States House of Representatives
The United States House of Representatives is one of the two Houses of the United States Congress, the bicameral legislature which also includes the Senate.The composition and powers of the House are established in Article One of the Constitution...
from Alabama
Alabama
Alabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...
.
Born in Huntsville, Alabama
Huntsville, Alabama
Huntsville is a city located primarily in Madison County in the central part of the far northern region of the U.S. state of Alabama. Huntsville is the county seat of Madison County. The city extends west into neighboring Limestone County. Huntsville's population was 180,105 as of the 2010 Census....
, Caldwell attended the common schools of Huntsville and Bacon College, Harrodsburg, Kentucky
Harrodsburg, Kentucky
Harrodsburg is a city in and the county seat of Mercer County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 8,014 at the 2000 census. It is the oldest city in Kentucky.-History:...
.
He taught school in Limestone County, Alabama
Limestone County, Alabama
Limestone County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama, and is included in the Huntsville Metropolitan Area.It is also included in the merged Huntsville-Decatur Metro Area. Its name comes from Limestone Creek, a local stream. In 2000, the population was 65,676. As of 2010 the county's...
, four years.
He moved to Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville is a city in Calhoun County, Alabama, United States. which is a 49% increase since 2000. It is included in the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area...
, in 1848.
He was principal of the Jacksonville Female Academy 1848-1852 and of the Jacksonville Male Academy 1853-1857.
Edited the Jacksonville Republican in 1851 and 1852 and assumed the editorship of the Sunny South in 1855.
He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1857 and 1858.
He studied law.
He was admitted to the bar
Admission to the bar in the United States
In the United States, admission to the bar is the granting of permission by a particular court system to a lawyer to practice law in that system. Each U.S. state and similar jurisdiction has its own court system and sets its own rules for bar admission , which can lead to different admission...
in 1859 and commenced practice in Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville is a city in Calhoun County, Alabama, United States. which is a 49% increase since 2000. It is included in the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area...
.
During the Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
enlisted in the Confederate States Army
Confederate States Army
The Confederate States Army was the army of the Confederate States of America while the Confederacy existed during the American Civil War. On February 8, 1861, delegates from the seven Deep South states which had already declared their secession from the United States of America adopted the...
and organized Company A of the Tenth Alabama Regiment, from St. Clair and Calhoun Counties, and served throughout the war.
He was promoted to major and then to lieutenant colonel.
He served in the Army of Virginia.
Caldwell was elected solicitor for the tenth judicial circuit in 1863 but was deposed by the Provisional Governor in 1865.
He was reelected the same year, and in 1867 was removed from office for refusing to obey military orders.
Cardwell was first elected to congress on November 5, 1872 as a fusion candidate of the Liberal Republican
Liberal Republican Party (United States)
The Liberal Republican Party of the United States was a political party that was organized in Cincinnati in May 1872, to oppose the reelection of President Ulysses S. Grant and his Radical Republican supporters. The party's candidate in that year's presidential election was Horace Greeley, longtime...
and Democratic
Democratic Party (United States)
The Democratic Party is one of two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party. The party's socially liberal and progressive platform is largely considered center-left in the U.S. political spectrum. The party has the lengthiest record of continuous...
parties. He received 62.62% of the vote. He was elected to represent Alabama's 5th congressional district
Alabama's 5th congressional district
Alabama's 5th congressional district is a U.S. congressional district in Alabama, which elects a representative to the United States House of Representatives. It encompasses the counties of Colbert, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison and Jackson. It also includes parts of Morgan County.It is...
, which at the time encompassed the most north-eastern part of Alabama.
He was re-elected in 1874 as a straight Democrat candidate with 59.19% of the vote. Caldwell was a member of the Forty-third
43rd United States Congress
The Forty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873 to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth...
and Forty-fourth
44th United States Congress
The Forty-fourth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1875 to March 4, 1877, during the seventh and...
Congresses (March 4, 1873-March 3, 1877).
He served as chairman of the Committee on Agriculture (Forty-fourth Congress).
He was not a candidate for renomination in 1876.
He resumed the practice of law.
He died in Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville, Alabama
Jacksonville is a city in Calhoun County, Alabama, United States. which is a 49% increase since 2000. It is included in the Anniston-Oxford Metropolitan Statistical Area...
, September 4, 1902.
He was interred in Jacksonville Cemetery.