Joanikije Lipovac
Encyclopedia
Metropolitan Joanikije Lipovac (born February 16, 1890 in Stoliv, Kotor
in Boka Kotorska - died in 1945, executed by Yugoslav Partisans) was a metropolitan of the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral
of the Serbian Orthodox Church
and in Belgrade in 1999 his name was entered into the List of Serbian Church Saints.
Joanikije was born as Jovan Lipovac to Špiro Lipovac and Marija Damjanović on February 16, 1890 in Stoliv in the Bay of Kotor
in what was then the Kingdom of Dalmatia
within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He finished elementary school in Prčanj and gymnasium in Kotor
. He graduated in Orthodox theology in Zadar
and philosophy at the University of Belgrade
. After being ordained her served in Kotor and Lastva. From 1925 to 1940 he taught as a professor in Belgrade. In 1939 he was named episcope of the Eparchy of Budim
. The following year he was named metropolitan of Montenegro and the Littoral.
Soon after taking the position of metropolitan, the April War brought the Second World War to Yugoslavia and resulted in the establishment of an independent Montenegro as the protectorate of Fascist Italy. Joanikije collaborated with the occuping Italian and German forces and supported the activities of the Serbian Chetniks
. Joanikije was at the head of the column of Montenegrin Chetniks which attempted to flee Yugoslavia at war's end through Germany. Joanikije was captured by Yugoslav Partisans on May 12 near Celje
and taken to Zagreb
. On orders from Milovan Đilas, he was transferred to Belgrade. He was subsequently killed near Aranđelovac on June 18, 1945.
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
in Boka Kotorska - died in 1945, executed by Yugoslav Partisans) was a metropolitan of the Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral
Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral
The Metropolitanate of Montenegro is the largest diocese of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro. Founded in 1219 by Saint Sava, it is now one of the most prominent dioceses in the Serbian Orthodox Church. The current Metropolitan is Amfilohije...
of the Serbian Orthodox Church
Serbian Orthodox Church
The Serbian Orthodox Church is one of the autocephalous Orthodox Christian churches, ranking sixth in order of seniority after Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, and Russia...
and in Belgrade in 1999 his name was entered into the List of Serbian Church Saints.
Joanikije was born as Jovan Lipovac to Špiro Lipovac and Marija Damjanović on February 16, 1890 in Stoliv in the Bay of Kotor
Bay of Kotor
The Bay of Kotor in south-western Montenegro is a winding bay on the Adriatic Sea. The bay, sometimes called Europe's southernmost fjord, is in fact a submerged river canyon of the disintegrated Bokelj River which used to run from the high mountain plateaus of Mount Orjen...
in what was then the Kingdom of Dalmatia
Kingdom of Dalmatia
The Kingdom of Dalmatia was an administrative division of the Habsburg Monarchy from 1815 to 1918. Its capital was Zadar.-History:...
within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He finished elementary school in Prčanj and gymnasium in Kotor
Kotor
Kotor is a coastal city in Montenegro. It is located in a secluded part of the Gulf of Kotor. The city has a population of 13,510 and is the administrative center of the municipality....
. He graduated in Orthodox theology in Zadar
Zadar
Zadar is a city in Croatia on the Adriatic Sea. It is the centre of Zadar county and the wider northern Dalmatian region. Population of the city is 75,082 citizens...
and philosophy at the University of Belgrade
University of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade is the oldest and largest university of Serbia.Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, by 1838 it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments into a single university...
. After being ordained her served in Kotor and Lastva. From 1925 to 1940 he taught as a professor in Belgrade. In 1939 he was named episcope of the Eparchy of Budim
Eparchy of Budimlje-Nikšic
The Eparchy of Budimlja-Nikšić is an ecclesiastical territory or eparchy of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro. It is mostly situated in eastern Montenegro...
. The following year he was named metropolitan of Montenegro and the Littoral.
Soon after taking the position of metropolitan, the April War brought the Second World War to Yugoslavia and resulted in the establishment of an independent Montenegro as the protectorate of Fascist Italy. Joanikije collaborated with the occuping Italian and German forces and supported the activities of the Serbian Chetniks
Chetniks
Chetniks, or the Chetnik movement , were Serbian nationalist and royalist paramilitary organizations from the first half of the 20th century. The Chetniks were formed as a Serbian resistance against the Ottoman Empire in 1904, and participated in the Balkan Wars, World War I, and World War II...
. Joanikije was at the head of the column of Montenegrin Chetniks which attempted to flee Yugoslavia at war's end through Germany. Joanikije was captured by Yugoslav Partisans on May 12 near Celje
Celje
Celje is a typical Central European town and the third largest town in Slovenia. It is a regional center of Lower Styria and the administrative seat of the Urban Municipality of Celje . The town of Celje is located under Upper Celje Castle at the confluence of the Savinja, Ložnica, and Voglajna...
and taken to Zagreb
Zagreb
Zagreb is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. According to the last official census, Zagreb's city...
. On orders from Milovan Đilas, he was transferred to Belgrade. He was subsequently killed near Aranđelovac on June 18, 1945.