Jean-Frédéric de la Tour du Pin-Gouvernet
Encyclopedia
Jean-Frédéric de La Tour du Pin Gouvernet (22 March 1727, Grenoble
- 28 April 1794 Paris
) was a French nobleman and politician. His full titles were Comte de Paulin, Marquis de la Roche-Chalais
et de Cénevières
, Vicomte de Calvignac
, Comte de Chastelard, Vicomte de Tesson
et d’Ambleville
, Baron de Cubzac, Seigneur du Cubzaguais, Seigneur de Formarville. He was the penultimate Secretary of State for War
under the Ancien Regime before being executed in 1794 with his brother Philippe-Antoine.
, Comte de Paulin and Suzanne de La Tour. He married Marguerite Cécile Séraphine de Guinot, daughter of the Marquis de Monconseil, which gave him the viscounty of Ambleville
.
He served as colonel of the Bourbon Regiment of Cavalry in 1741, captain in 1744, colonel of the Grenadiers de France in 1749, Chevalier de Saint Louis
in 1757, colonel of the Regiment Brigadier Guien in 1761; he was appointed colonel of the Piedmont Regiment and Marshal of the camp in 1762. He was a Lieutenant General in 1781.
In 1787 he was appointed Lieutenant General and Commander in Chief of the provinces of Aunis, Saintonge, Poitou and Lower Angoumois, and Lieutenant-General of the Armies of the King on 5 December 1787 and Marshal of the camp. The Comte de La Tour du Pin was appointed commander of the Provinces of Poitou and Saintonge, and then he was elected deputy to the Estates General
on 26 March 1789. He represented the nobility of the sénéchaussée Saintes
.
He served as Minister of War, 4 August 1789 to 16 November 1790, during the first years of the French Revolution..
He restored discipline in the army and received the congratulations of the National Assembly
. Soon under political attack by the Jacobins
, he offered his resignation, but the King refused to accept it. Louis XVI also recalled him in 1792 to become part of the Government.
He defended Marie-Antoinette during her trial before the prosecutor, Fouquier-Tinville, who did not like La Tour du Pin's respect for the Queen.
He was guillotined on 28 April 1794, when he was sentenced at the same time as his elder brother.
, the daughter of Arthur Dillon
. He was aide du camp to Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette. His daughter-in-law is famous for her "Memoirs of a woman of fifty years." She is the subject of a recent biography.
His grandson, Marquis Aymar de La Tour du Pin, sold all of the family's land in Cubzaguais
to the father of Louis Henri Hubert Delisle in 1835.
He demolished the old chateau in Saint Andre Bouilh Cubzac, and began construction of a new edifice in 1787, designed by the Parisian architect Victor Louis. However before the chateau was completed, the Revolution broke out and the building stands unfinished to this day.
Grenoble
Grenoble is a city in southeastern France, at the foot of the French Alps where the river Drac joins the Isère. Located in the Rhône-Alpes region, Grenoble is the capital of the department of Isère...
- 28 April 1794 Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
) was a French nobleman and politician. His full titles were Comte de Paulin, Marquis de la Roche-Chalais
La Roche-Chalais
La Roche-Chalais is a commune in the Dordogne department in Aquitaine in southwestern France.-Population:-References:*...
et de Cénevières
Cénevières
Cénevières is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France....
, Vicomte de Calvignac
Calvignac
Calvignac is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France....
, Comte de Chastelard, Vicomte de Tesson
Tesson
Tesson is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France.-Population:-References:*...
et d’Ambleville
Ambleville, Charente
Ambleville is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.-Population:-References:*...
, Baron de Cubzac, Seigneur du Cubzaguais, Seigneur de Formarville. He was the penultimate Secretary of State for War
Secretary of State for War (France)
The Secretary of State for War was one of the four or five specialized secretaries of state in France during the Ancien Régime. The position was responsible for the Army and for overseeing French border provinces...
under the Ancien Regime before being executed in 1794 with his brother Philippe-Antoine.
Life
He was the son of Jean de La Tour-du-PinLa Tour-du-Pin
La Tour-du-Pin is a commune in the Isère department in south-eastern France.-Geography:The Bourbre flows westward through the southern part of the commune and crosses the town.-References:*...
, Comte de Paulin and Suzanne de La Tour. He married Marguerite Cécile Séraphine de Guinot, daughter of the Marquis de Monconseil, which gave him the viscounty of Ambleville
Ambleville
Ambleville may refer to:* Ambleville, Charente, a commune of the Charente département in France* Ambleville, Val-d'Oise, a commune of the Val-d'Oise département in France....
.
He served as colonel of the Bourbon Regiment of Cavalry in 1741, captain in 1744, colonel of the Grenadiers de France in 1749, Chevalier de Saint Louis
Order of Saint Louis
The Royal and Military Order of Saint Louis was a military Order of Chivalry founded on 5 April 1693 by Louis XIV and named after Saint Louis . It was intended as a reward for exceptional officers, and is notable as the first decoration that could be granted to non-nobles...
in 1757, colonel of the Regiment Brigadier Guien in 1761; he was appointed colonel of the Piedmont Regiment and Marshal of the camp in 1762. He was a Lieutenant General in 1781.
In 1787 he was appointed Lieutenant General and Commander in Chief of the provinces of Aunis, Saintonge, Poitou and Lower Angoumois, and Lieutenant-General of the Armies of the King on 5 December 1787 and Marshal of the camp. The Comte de La Tour du Pin was appointed commander of the Provinces of Poitou and Saintonge, and then he was elected deputy to the Estates General
Estates-General of 1789
The Estates-General of 1789 was the first meeting since 1614 of the French Estates-General, a general assembly representing the French estates of the realm: the nobility, the Church, and the common people...
on 26 March 1789. He represented the nobility of the sénéchaussée Saintes
Saintes
Saintes is a French commune located in Poitou-Charentes, in the southwestern Charente-Maritime department of which it is a sub-prefecture. Its inhabitants are called Saintaises and Saintais....
.
He served as Minister of War, 4 August 1789 to 16 November 1790, during the first years of the French Revolution..
He restored discipline in the army and received the congratulations of the National Assembly
National Assembly
National Assembly is either a legislature, or the lower house of a bicameral legislature in some countries. The best known National Assembly, and the first legislature to be known by this title, was that established during the French Revolution in 1789, known as the Assemblée nationale...
. Soon under political attack by the Jacobins
Jacobin (politics)
A Jacobin , in the context of the French Revolution, was a member of the Jacobin Club, a revolutionary far-left political movement. The Jacobin Club was the most famous political club of the French Revolution. So called from the Dominican convent where they originally met, in the Rue St. Jacques ,...
, he offered his resignation, but the King refused to accept it. Louis XVI also recalled him in 1792 to become part of the Government.
He defended Marie-Antoinette during her trial before the prosecutor, Fouquier-Tinville, who did not like La Tour du Pin's respect for the Queen.
He was guillotined on 28 April 1794, when he was sentenced at the same time as his elder brother.
Family
His son Frederick Séraphin, led the 43rd infantry regiment of the line, was Ambassador and Peer of France, and married Henriette Lucy DillonHenriette-Lucy, Marquise de La Tour du Pin Gouvernet
Henriette-Lucy, Marquise de La Tour du Pin-Gouvernet , , was a French aristocrat famous for her memoirs entitled Journal d'une femme de 50 ans...
, the daughter of Arthur Dillon
Arthur Dillon (1750-1794)
*Biographie moderne, Paris Eymery Éditeur ;...
. He was aide du camp to Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette. His daughter-in-law is famous for her "Memoirs of a woman of fifty years." She is the subject of a recent biography.
His grandson, Marquis Aymar de La Tour du Pin, sold all of the family's land in Cubzaguais
Cubzac-les-Ponts
Cubzac-les-Ponts, also referred to simply as Cubzac, is a commune in the Gironde department in Aquitaine in southwestern France.It is located 20 km southwest of the major city Bordeaux. It is a strategic crossing point of the river Dordogne...
to the father of Louis Henri Hubert Delisle in 1835.
His châteaux
In 1759 he began the demolition of the chateau of La Roche-Chalais, due to the decay of the house and the cost of repairing it.He demolished the old chateau in Saint Andre Bouilh Cubzac, and began construction of a new edifice in 1787, designed by the Parisian architect Victor Louis. However before the chateau was completed, the Revolution broke out and the building stands unfinished to this day.