Jdeideh
Encyclopedia
Jdeideh (also Jdayde, Jdaideh and Jdeidet el-Matn), is a coastal municipality
and the administrative capital of the Matn District
in the Mount Lebanon Governorate
.
Jdeideh has an area of approximately 6 km². It is located in the northern suburbs of Beirut
city. The municipality is formed of three villages of Jdeidet el-Matn, Bauchrieh and Sed el Bauchrieh, with a population of nearly 160,000 inhabitants.
Jdeideh is an important industrial zone and a significant location for commercial and banking activity.
flints of the Qaraoun culture
.
Jdeideh I is 750 metres (2,460.6 ft) northeast of the town on the left bank of the Nahr Moute, in fields on a 15 metres (49.2 ft) contour. It was discovered by Raoul Describes who retrieved knapped tools from several periods including Acheulean
, Middle Paleolithic
, Upper Paleolithic
and Heavy Neolithic
. This material is in the Saint Joseph University, Museum of Lebanese Prehistory
.
Jdeideh II is 500 metres (1,640.4 ft) northeast of Tuillerie Medawer (east of Haret ech Cheikh
) on low foothills to the left of a descending stream running next to the Aamariyeh road. An Upper Paleolithic assemblage in brown Cretaceous
flint was found by Auguste Bergy
including a variety of scrapers including a specialist variety also found at Ain Cheikh that were termed Grattoirs de côté.
Jdeideh III is on a wooded hilltop north northwest of Aamariyeh on the southwest slopes that was also found by Bergy. He recovered a Qaraoun culture
type, Gigantolithic assemblage of massive choppers, scrapers on flakes and coarse picks.
Municipality
A municipality is essentially an urban administrative division having corporate status and usually powers of self-government. It can also be used to mean the governing body of a municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district...
and the administrative capital of the Matn District
Matn District
Matn , sometimes spelled Metn, is a district in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of Lebanon, east of the Lebanon's capital Beirut...
in the Mount Lebanon Governorate
Mount Lebanon Governorate
Mount Lebanon is one of the Governorates of Lebanon. Its capital is Baabda. The overwhelming majority of its population is Maronites, Greek Orthodox, and Melkite Greek Catholic Christians...
.
Jdeideh has an area of approximately 6 km². It is located in the northern suburbs of Beirut
Beirut
Beirut is the capital and largest city of Lebanon, with a population ranging from 1 million to more than 2 million . Located on a peninsula at the midpoint of Lebanon's Mediterranean coastline, it serves as the country's largest and main seaport, and also forms the Beirut Metropolitan...
city. The municipality is formed of three villages of Jdeidet el-Matn, Bauchrieh and Sed el Bauchrieh, with a population of nearly 160,000 inhabitants.
Jdeideh is an important industrial zone and a significant location for commercial and banking activity.
Archaeology
Three archaeological sites were found in the Jdeideh area by jesuit fathers. Two of which featured finds of Heavy NeolithicHeavy Neolithic
Heavy Neolithic is a style of large stone and flint tools associated primarily with the Qaraoun culture in the Beqaa Valley, Lebanon, dating to the Epipaleolithic or early Pre-pottery Neolithic at the end of the Stone Age...
flints of the Qaraoun culture
Qaraoun culture
The Qaraoun culture is a culture of the Lebanese Stone Age around Qaraoun in the Beqaa Valley. The Gigantolithic or Heavy Neolithic flint tool industry of this culture was recognized as Neolithic by Henri Fleisch and confirmed by A. Rust and Dorothy Garrod....
.
Jdeideh I is 750 metres (2,460.6 ft) northeast of the town on the left bank of the Nahr Moute, in fields on a 15 metres (49.2 ft) contour. It was discovered by Raoul Describes who retrieved knapped tools from several periods including Acheulean
Acheulean
Acheulean is the name given to an archaeological industry of stone tool manufacture associated with early humans during the Lower Palaeolithic era across Africa and much of West Asia, South Asia and Europe. Acheulean tools are typically found with Homo erectus remains...
, Middle Paleolithic
Middle Paleolithic
The Middle Paleolithic is the second subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. The term Middle Stone Age is used as an equivalent or a synonym for the Middle Paleolithic in African archeology. The Middle Paleolithic and the Middle Stone Age...
, Upper Paleolithic
Upper Paleolithic
The Upper Paleolithic is the third and last subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age as it is understood in Europe, Africa and Asia. Very broadly it dates to between 40,000 and 10,000 years ago, roughly coinciding with the appearance of behavioral modernity and before the advent of...
and Heavy Neolithic
Heavy Neolithic
Heavy Neolithic is a style of large stone and flint tools associated primarily with the Qaraoun culture in the Beqaa Valley, Lebanon, dating to the Epipaleolithic or early Pre-pottery Neolithic at the end of the Stone Age...
. This material is in the Saint Joseph University, Museum of Lebanese Prehistory
Museum of Lebanese Prehistory
The Museum of Lebanese Prehistory is a museum of prehistory and archaeology in Beirut, Lebanon.-History:...
.
Jdeideh II is 500 metres (1,640.4 ft) northeast of Tuillerie Medawer (east of Haret ech Cheikh
Haret ech Cheikh
Haret ech Cheikh , is a municipality in the Matn District in the Mount Lebanon Governorate near Bouchriyeh.-Archaeology:...
) on low foothills to the left of a descending stream running next to the Aamariyeh road. An Upper Paleolithic assemblage in brown Cretaceous
Cretaceous
The Cretaceous , derived from the Latin "creta" , usually abbreviated K for its German translation Kreide , is a geologic period and system from circa to million years ago. In the geologic timescale, the Cretaceous follows the Jurassic period and is followed by the Paleogene period of the...
flint was found by Auguste Bergy
Auguste Bergy
Reverend Father Auguste Bergy, born 1873 in France and died 31 August 1955 was a French Jesuit archaeologist notable for his work on prehistory in Lebanon.He is known particularly for excavations and studies at the Sands of Beirut and at Ras Beirut...
including a variety of scrapers including a specialist variety also found at Ain Cheikh that were termed Grattoirs de côté.
Jdeideh III is on a wooded hilltop north northwest of Aamariyeh on the southwest slopes that was also found by Bergy. He recovered a Qaraoun culture
Qaraoun culture
The Qaraoun culture is a culture of the Lebanese Stone Age around Qaraoun in the Beqaa Valley. The Gigantolithic or Heavy Neolithic flint tool industry of this culture was recognized as Neolithic by Henri Fleisch and confirmed by A. Rust and Dorothy Garrod....
type, Gigantolithic assemblage of massive choppers, scrapers on flakes and coarse picks.