Jamagne
Encyclopedia
The Jamagne is a short river of 6.9 km, an emissary of the lac de Gérardmer
which is its source. It flows into the Vologne
as a left tributary at Kichompré.
when it flows through the Gérardmer
area, following the construction of Route nationale 417 in 1950. The river suffered from serious domestic pollution until 1998.
When the Cleurie
river valley was blocked by Würmian moraine
in a double vallum 50 m thick, the waters of the Hohneck massif stopped flowing towards le Tholy
and accumulated upstream of the deposit, forming the lac de Gérardmer
. With no outlet to the west, the waters left the lake in the opposite direction to their historic one, via the Jamagne, which flows into the Vologne downstream of the hamlet
of Kichompré.
The flow of the Jamagne was widely exploited during the 20th century
for generating electricity
as well as for powering sawmills
which were set up on its banks.
In contrast to other rivers of the Vosges, the Jamagne is unique in flowing from southwest to northeast.
According to the Sandre
website, the Mérelle stream is identified as the mother branch of the Jamagne upstream of the lac de Gérardmer. Nonetheless, the path of the Phény stream accumulated with the lower part of the Jamagne amounts to a total length of 9 km.
s located at the outlet of the lac de Gérardmer.
Lac de Gérardmer
Lac de Gérardmer is a lake at Gérardmer, Vosges, France. At an elevation of 660 m, its surface area is 1.16 km²....
which is its source. It flows into the Vologne
Vologne
The Vologne is a river of the Vosges department in France. It is tributary of the Moselle River. Its source is in the Vosges Mountains, on the northwestern slope of the Hohneck...
as a left tributary at Kichompré.
Etymology
The name Jamagne came from Ja-magna meaning "already big" by analogy with its outlet from the lake.Geography
The course of the Jamagne is largely canalized and rectilinearRectilinear
Rectilinear may refer to:* Rectilinear grid, a tessellation of the Euclidean plane* Rectilinear lens, a photographic lens* Rectilinear locomotion, a form of animal locomotion* Rectilinear polygon, a polygon whose edges meet at right angles...
when it flows through the Gérardmer
Gérardmer
Gérardmer is a commune in the Vosges department in Lorraine in northeastern France.-Culture:The Fantastic'Arts festival of horror and fantastic film has been held in Gérardmer each year since 1994.-External links:...
area, following the construction of Route nationale 417 in 1950. The river suffered from serious domestic pollution until 1998.
When the Cleurie
Cleurie river
The Cleurie or rupt de Cleurie is a river in the Lorraine in France, which flows in the Vosges department. It is a right tributary of the Moselotte, and thus a sub-tributary of the Rhine, via the Moselotte and the Moselle.- Geography :...
river valley was blocked by Würmian moraine
Moraine
A moraine is any glacially formed accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris which can occur in currently glaciated and formerly glaciated regions, such as those areas acted upon by a past glacial maximum. This debris may have been plucked off a valley floor as a glacier advanced or it may have...
in a double vallum 50 m thick, the waters of the Hohneck massif stopped flowing towards le Tholy
Le Tholy
Le Tholy is a commune in the Vosges department in Lorraine in northeastern France.-External links:*...
and accumulated upstream of the deposit, forming the lac de Gérardmer
Lac de Gérardmer
Lac de Gérardmer is a lake at Gérardmer, Vosges, France. At an elevation of 660 m, its surface area is 1.16 km²....
. With no outlet to the west, the waters left the lake in the opposite direction to their historic one, via the Jamagne, which flows into the Vologne downstream of the hamlet
Hamlet
The Tragical History of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, or more simply Hamlet, is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1599 and 1601...
of Kichompré.
The flow of the Jamagne was widely exploited during the 20th century
20th century
Many people define the 20th century as running from January 1, 1901 to December 31, 2000, others would rather define it as beginning on January 1, 1900....
for generating electricity
Hydroelectricity
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity generated by hydropower; the production of electrical power through the use of the gravitational force of falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form of renewable energy...
as well as for powering sawmills
Sawmills
Sawmills may refer to:* A sawmill, a facility where logs are cut to length* Sawmills Studio, a famous UK music recording studio* Sawmills, North Carolina...
which were set up on its banks.
In contrast to other rivers of the Vosges, the Jamagne is unique in flowing from southwest to northeast.
Tributaries
The Jamagne's principal tributary is the Basse des Rupts, also known as the Forgotte. However the lac de Gérardmer is fed by four main streams:- The Cheny stream (to the east)
- The Chêne stram (to the north)
- The Phény stream (to the south)
- The Mérelle stream (to the west)
According to the Sandre
Sandre
Sandre stands for Service d’administration nationale des données et des référentiels sur l’eau, [French National Service for Water Data and Common Repositories Management]...
website, the Mérelle stream is identified as the mother branch of the Jamagne upstream of the lac de Gérardmer. Nonetheless, the path of the Phény stream accumulated with the lower part of the Jamagne amounts to a total length of 9 km.
Hydrology
It appears that the fluctuations in flow rate of the Jamagne have never been studied. The flow of the river has been regulated since the beginning of the 20th century by a system of valveValve
A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves are technically pipe fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category...
s located at the outlet of the lac de Gérardmer.