Isotopes of bromine
Encyclopedia
Bromine
(Br) has two stable isotopes and 30 known unstable isotopes, the most stable of which is 77Br with a half-life
of 57.036 hours
Standard atomic mass: 79.904(1) u
Bromine
Bromine ") is a chemical element with the symbol Br, an atomic number of 35, and an atomic mass of 79.904. It is in the halogen element group. The element was isolated independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine Jerome Balard, in 1825–1826...
(Br) has two stable isotopes and 30 known unstable isotopes, the most stable of which is 77Br with a half-life
Half-life
Half-life, abbreviated t½, is the period of time it takes for the amount of a substance undergoing decay to decrease by half. The name was originally used to describe a characteristic of unstable atoms , but it may apply to any quantity which follows a set-rate decay.The original term, dating to...
of 57.036 hours
Standard atomic mass: 79.904(1) u
Table
| nuclide symbol |
Z(p Proton The proton is a subatomic particle with the symbol or and a positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge. One or more protons are present in the nucleus of each atom, along with neutrons. The number of protons in each atom is its atomic number.... ) |
N(n Neutron The neutron is a subatomic hadron particle which has the symbol or , no net electric charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton. With the exception of hydrogen, nuclei of atoms consist of protons and neutrons, which are therefore collectively referred to as nucleons. The number of... ) |
isotopic mass (u) |
half-life | decay mode(s)Abbreviations: IT: Isomeric transition Isomeric transition An isomeric transition is a radioactive decay process that involves emission of a gamma ray from an atom where the nucleus is in an excited metastable state, referred to in its excited state, as a nuclear isomer.... |
daughter isotope(s)Bold for stable isotopes |
nuclear spin |
representative isotopic composition (mole fraction) |
range of natural variation (mole fraction) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| excitation energy | |||||||||
| 66Br | 35 | 31 | p Proton decay In particle physics, proton decay is a hypothetical form of radioactive decay in which the proton decays into lighter subatomic particles, such as a neutral pion and a positron... |
65Se | |||||
| 67Br | 35 | 32 | 66.96479(54)# | p | 66Se | 1/2-# | |||
| 68Br | 35 | 33 | 67.95852(38)# | <1.2 µs | p | 67Se | 3+# | ||
| 69Br | 35 | 34 | 68.95011(11)# | <24 ns | p | 68Se | 1/2-# | ||
| 70Br | 35 | 35 | 69.94479(33)# | 79.1(8) ms | β+ Beta decay In nuclear physics, beta decay is a type of radioactive decay in which a beta particle is emitted from an atom. There are two types of beta decay: beta minus and beta plus. In the case of beta decay that produces an electron emission, it is referred to as beta minus , while in the case of a... |
70Se | 0+# | ||
| 70mBr | 2292.2(8) keV | 2.2(2) s | β+ | 70Se | (9+) | ||||
| IT Isomeric transition An isomeric transition is a radioactive decay process that involves emission of a gamma ray from an atom where the nucleus is in an excited metastable state, referred to in its excited state, as a nuclear isomer.... |
70Br | ||||||||
| 71Br | 35 | 36 | 70.93874(61) | 21.4(6) s | β+ | 71Se | (5/2)- | ||
| 72Br | 35 | 37 | 71.93664(6) | 78.6(24) s | β+ | 72Se | 1+ | ||
| 72mBr | 100.92(3) keV | 10.6(3) s | IT (>99.9%) | 72Br | 1- | ||||
| β+ (<.1%) | 72Se | ||||||||
| 73Br | 35 | 38 | 72.93169(5) | 3.4(2) min | β+ | 73Se | 1/2- | ||
| 74Br | 35 | 39 | 73.929891(16) | 25.4(3) min | β+ | 74Se | (0-) | ||
| 74mBr | 13.58(21) keV | 46(2) min | β+ | 74Se | 4(+#) | ||||
| 75Br | 35 | 40 | 74.925776(15) | 96.7(13) min | β+ | 75Se | 3/2- | ||
| 76Br | 35 | 41 | 75.924541(10) | 16.2(2) h | β+ | 76Se | 1- | ||
| 76mBr | 102.58(3) keV | 1.31(2) s | IT (99.4%) | 76Br | (4)+ | ||||
| β+ (.6%) | 76Se | ||||||||
| 77Br | 35 | 42 | 76.921379(3) | 57.036(6) h | β+ | 77Se | 3/2- | ||
| 77mBr | 105.86(8) keV | 4.28(10) min | IT | 77Br | 9/2+ | ||||
| 78Br | 35 | 43 | 77.921146(4) | 6.46(4) min | β+ (99.99%) | 78Se | 1+ | ||
| β- (.01%) | 78Kr | ||||||||
| 78mBr | 180.82(13) keV | 119.2(10) µs | (4+) | ||||||
| 79Br | 35 | 44 | 78.9183371(22) | Stable | 3/2- | 0.5069(7) | |||
| 79mBr | 207.61(9) keV | 4.86(4) s | IT | 79Br | (9/2+) | ||||
| 80Br | 35 | 45 | 79.9185293(22) | 17.68(2) min | β- (91.7%) | 80Kr | 1+ | ||
| β+ (8.3%) | 80Se | ||||||||
| 80mBr | 85.843(4) keV | 4.4205(8) h | IT | 80Br | 5- | ||||
| 81Br | 35 | 46 | 80.9162906(21) | Stable | 3/2- | 0.4931(7) | |||
| 81mBr | 536.20(9) keV | 34.6(28) µs | 9/2+ | ||||||
| 82Br | 35 | 47 | 81.9168041(21) | 35.282(7) h | β- | 82Kr | 5- | ||
| 82mBr | 45.9492(10) keV | 6.13(5) min | IT | 82Br | 2- | ||||
| β- | 82Kr | ||||||||
| 83Br | 35 | 48 | 82.915180(5) | 2.40(2) h | β- | 83Kr | 3/2- | ||
| 83mBr | 3068.8(6) keV | 700(100) ns | (19/2-) | ||||||
| 84Br | 35 | 49 | 83.916479(16) | 31.80(8) min | β- | 84Kr | 2- | ||
| 84m1Br | 320(10) keV | 6.0(2) min | β- | 84Kr | 6- | ||||
| 84m2Br | 408.2(4) keV | <140 ns | 1+ | ||||||
| 85Br | 35 | 50 | 84.915608(21) | 2.90(6) min | β- | 85Kr | 3/2- | ||
| 86Br | 35 | 51 | 85.918798(12) | 55.1(4) s | β- | 86Kr | (2-) | ||
| 87Br | 35 | 52 | 86.920711(19) | 55.65(13) s | β- (97.48%) | 87Kr | 3/2- | ||
| β-, n Neutron emission Neutron emission is a type of radioactive decay of atoms containing excess neutrons, in which a neutron is simply ejected from the nucleus. Two examples of isotopes which emit neutrons are helium-5 and beryllium-13... (2.52%) |
86Kr | ||||||||
| 88Br | 35 | 53 | 87.92407(4) | 16.29(6) s | β- (93.42%) | 88Kr | (2-) | ||
| β-, n (6.48%) | 87Kr | ||||||||
| 88mBr | 272.7(3) keV | 5.4(7) µs | |||||||
| 89Br | 35 | 54 | 88.92639(6) | 4.40(3) s | β- (86.2%) | 89Kr | (3/2-,5/2-) | ||
| β-, n (13.8%) | 88Kr | ||||||||
| 90Br | 35 | 55 | 89.93063(8) | 1.91(1) s | β- (74.8%) | 90Kr | |||
| β-, n (25.2%) | 89Kr | ||||||||
| 91Br | 35 | 56 | 90.93397(8) | 541(5) ms | β- (80%) | 91Kr | 3/2-# | ||
| β-, n (20%) | 90Kr | ||||||||
| 92Br | 35 | 57 | 91.93926(5) | 0.343(15) s | β- (66.9%) | 92Kr | (2-) | ||
| β-, n (33.1%) | 91Kr | ||||||||
| 93Br | 35 | 58 | 92.94305(32)# | 102(10) ms | β- (89%) | 93Kr | 3/2-# | ||
| β-, n (11%) | 92Kr | ||||||||
| 94Br | 35 | 59 | 93.94868(43)# | 70(20) ms | β- (70%) | 94Kr | |||
| β-, n (30%) | 93Kr | ||||||||
| 95Br | 35 | 60 | 94.95287(54)# | 50# ms [>300 ns] | 3/2-# | ||||
| 96Br | 35 | 61 | 95.95853(75)# | 20# ms [>300 ns] | |||||
| 97Br | 35 | 62 | 96.96280(86)# | 10# ms [>300 ns] | 3/2-# | ||||