Interval training
Encyclopedia
Interval training is a type of physical training
that involves bursts of high-intensity work interspersed with periods of low-intensity work. The high-intensity periods are typically at or close to near-maximum exertion, while the recovery periods may involve either complete rest or activity of lower intensity.
Interval training can refer to organization of any cardiovascular workout (e.g. cycling, running, rowing, etc.), and is prominent in many sports' training. It is a technique particularly employed by runners, but athletes from several backgrounds have been known to use this type of training.
Interval training can be an effective means of enhancing an athlete's lactate threshold - i.e. increase the threshold at which lactate starts to accumulate in the blood. Lactate threshold has been shown to be a significant factor determining performance for long distance running events.
This method of training may be more effective at inducing fat loss than simply training at a moderate intensity level for the same duration. This is due the metabolism boosting effects of high intensity intervals. abc
Fartlek
training, named and developed by Swedes, is intermediate between true interval training and regular distance training. The name means 'speed play', and consists of distance running "anywhere", with bursts of harder running at more irregular points, lengths, and speeds compared with interval training. Not only is it an efficient training method, fartlek training can help one avoid injuries that often accompany non-stop, repetitive activity, and provides the opportunity to increase one's intensity without burning oneself out in a matter of minutes.
Training
The term training refers to the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and competencies as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competencies. It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at institutes of...
that involves bursts of high-intensity work interspersed with periods of low-intensity work. The high-intensity periods are typically at or close to near-maximum exertion, while the recovery periods may involve either complete rest or activity of lower intensity.
Interval training can refer to organization of any cardiovascular workout (e.g. cycling, running, rowing, etc.), and is prominent in many sports' training. It is a technique particularly employed by runners, but athletes from several backgrounds have been known to use this type of training.
Effectiveness
Interval training is a favorite of coaches because of its effectiveness in cardiovascular build-up and also its ability to make more well-rounded runners / riders. However, it is also applicable to exercisers as it helps improve exercisers’ aerobic capacity to exercise longer at varying intensities (Mayo Clinic, 2009).Interval training can be an effective means of enhancing an athlete's lactate threshold - i.e. increase the threshold at which lactate starts to accumulate in the blood. Lactate threshold has been shown to be a significant factor determining performance for long distance running events.
This method of training may be more effective at inducing fat loss than simply training at a moderate intensity level for the same duration. This is due the metabolism boosting effects of high intensity intervals. abc
Examples
Provided below are three examples of the most common interval workouts completed by exercisers and athletes alike.Interval Variation I: Standard
- 3 – 5 minutes warm-up (light ride, low intensity, gradually increasing at the end of the warm up period)
- 1 minute moderate or high intensity followed by 1 minute low intensity (repeat 6-8 times)
- 3 – 5 minutes cool down (light ride, low intensity, gradually decreasing by the end of the cool down period)
Interval Variation II: Pyramid
- 3 – 5 minutes warmup
- 30 seconds high intensity, 1 minute low intensity
- 45 seconds high intensity, 1 minute low intensity
- 60 seconds high intensity, 1 minute low intensity
- 90 seconds high intensity, 1 minute low intensity
- 60 seconds high intensity, 1 minute low intensity
- 45 seconds high intensity, 1 minute low intensity
- 30 seconds high intensity
- 3 – 5 minutes cooldown
Interval Variation III: Sports Conditioning
- 3 – 5 minutes warmup
- 2 minutes moderate or high intensity followed by 2 minutes low intensity (repeat once)
- 30 seconds high intensity followed by 30 seconds low intensity (repeat four times)
- 60-yard sprints (or 10 seconds) followed by 90 seconds rest (repeat 6 - 10 times)
- 3 – 5 minutes cooldown
Variations
"Walk-back sprinting" is another example of interval training for runners, in which one sprints a short distance (anywhere from 100 to 800 meters), then walks back to the starting point (the recovery period) to repeat the sprint a certain number of times. To add challenge to the workout, each of these sprints may start at a predetermined time interval, e.g. 200 meter sprint, walk back, and sprint again every 3 minutes. The time interval provides just enough recovery.Fartlek
Fartlek
Fartlek, which means "speed play" in Swedish, is a form of interval training which puts stress on the whole aerobic energy system due to the continuous nature of the exercise. The difference between this type of training and continuous training is that the intensity or speed of the exercise varies,...
training, named and developed by Swedes, is intermediate between true interval training and regular distance training. The name means 'speed play', and consists of distance running "anywhere", with bursts of harder running at more irregular points, lengths, and speeds compared with interval training. Not only is it an efficient training method, fartlek training can help one avoid injuries that often accompany non-stop, repetitive activity, and provides the opportunity to increase one's intensity without burning oneself out in a matter of minutes.
See also
- High-intensity interval trainingHigh-intensity interval trainingHigh-intensity interval training or sprint interval training is an exercise strategy that is intended to improve performance with short training sessions. HIIT is a form of cardiovascular exercise which is beneficial to burning fat in a short and intense workout. Usual HIIT sessions may vary from...
- Long slow distanceLong Slow DistanceLong slow distance is a form of aerobic endurance training in running and cycling. Physiological adaptations to LSD training include improved cardiovascular function, improved thermoregulatory function, improved mitochondrial energy production, increased oxidative capacity of skeletal muscle, and...
- vVO2maxVVO2MaxvVO2max is an intense running pace which can be maintained for only about six minutes. This is the minimum speed for which the organism's maximal oxygen uptake is reached ; at higher paces, additional power is entirely delivered by anaerobic processes...