Interleukin 32
Encyclopedia
Interleukin 32 is a cytokine
that can induce cells of the immune system
(such as monocyte
s and macrophage
s) to secrete tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in addition to chemokines such as IL-8
and MIP-2/CXCL2.
IL-32 can also support osteoclast
differentiation but not osteoclast activation by regulating the MAPK/ERK pathway
and the actin cytoskeleton.
Cytokine
Cytokines are small cell-signaling protein molecules that are secreted by the glial cells of the nervous system and by numerous cells of the immune system and are a category of signaling molecules used extensively in intercellular communication...
that can induce cells of the immune system
Immune system
An immune system is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. It detects a wide variety of agents, from viruses to parasitic worms, and needs to distinguish them from the organism's own...
(such as monocyte
Monocyte
Monocytes are a type of white blood cell and are part of the innate immune system of vertebrates including all mammals , birds, reptiles, and fish. Monocytes play multiple roles in immune function...
s and macrophage
Macrophage
Macrophages are cells produced by the differentiation of monocytes in tissues. Human macrophages are about in diameter. Monocytes and macrophages are phagocytes. Macrophages function in both non-specific defense as well as help initiate specific defense mechanisms of vertebrate animals...
s) to secrete tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in addition to chemokines such as IL-8
IL-8
IL-8 can refer to:* Interleukin 8, a chemokine of the immune system* Illinois' 8th congressional district* Illinois Route 8...
and MIP-2/CXCL2.
IL-32 can also support osteoclast
Osteoclast
An osteoclast is a type of bone cell that removes bone tissue by removing its mineralized matrix and breaking up the organic bone . This process is known as bone resorption. Osteoclasts were discovered by Kolliker in 1873...
differentiation but not osteoclast activation by regulating the MAPK/ERK pathway
MAPK/ERK pathway
The MAPK/ERK pathway is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell. The signal starts when a growth factor binds to the receptor on the cell surface and ends when the DNA in the nucleus expresses a...
and the actin cytoskeleton.