Industrial deconcentration
Encyclopedia
Industrial deconcentration is a socio-economic term used to describe the movement of industrial zones (factories
) away from the center of the city
, and further away from each other. It is similar to suburb
anization, a residential trend in which a large number of the population move away from the metropolis
as the inner city
becomes overcrowded.
Industrial deconcentration occurs when a previously established industrial district
becomes unable to provide efficiently for its own populace due to overcrowding. In a market economy
the massive competition
and overcrowding of the metropolitan area forces people and businesses to move out to less-industrial areas with less traffic congestion
. Modernization in the social, economic, and technological fields of a country is a factor in accelerating industrial deconcentration.
This phenomenon is more apparent in nations that have been industrialized for a longer time. Most countries experiencing industrial deconcentration at the beginning of the 21st century are the states that began industrializing after the end of World War II
.
Industrial deconcentration is a conscious goal in a comprehensive decentralization
policy: to deconcentrate population without excessive commuting
, jobs need to be created outside the cities.
Factory
A factory or manufacturing plant is an industrial building where laborers manufacture goods or supervise machines processing one product into another. Most modern factories have large warehouses or warehouse-like facilities that contain heavy equipment used for assembly line production...
) away from the center of the city
City
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or historical status based on local law.For example, in the U.S...
, and further away from each other. It is similar to suburb
Suburb
The word suburb mostly refers to a residential area, either existing as part of a city or as a separate residential community within commuting distance of a city . Some suburbs have a degree of administrative autonomy, and most have lower population density than inner city neighborhoods...
anization, a residential trend in which a large number of the population move away from the metropolis
Metropolis
A metropolis is a very large city or urban area which is a significant economic, political and cultural center for a country or region, and an important hub for regional or international connections and communications...
as the inner city
Inner city
The inner city is the central area of a major city or metropolis. In the United States, Canada, United Kingdom and Ireland, the term is often applied to the lower-income residential districts in the city centre and nearby areas...
becomes overcrowded.
Industrial deconcentration occurs when a previously established industrial district
Industrial district
Industrial district was initially introduced as a term to describe an area where workers of a monolithic heavy industry live within walking-distance of their places of work...
becomes unable to provide efficiently for its own populace due to overcrowding. In a market economy
Market economy
A market economy is an economy in which the prices of goods and services are determined in a free price system. This is often contrasted with a state-directed or planned economy. Market economies can range from hypothetically pure laissez-faire variants to an assortment of real-world mixed...
the massive competition
Competition
Competition is a contest between individuals, groups, animals, etc. for territory, a niche, or a location of resources. It arises whenever two and only two strive for a goal which cannot be shared. Competition occurs naturally between living organisms which co-exist in the same environment. For...
and overcrowding of the metropolitan area forces people and businesses to move out to less-industrial areas with less traffic congestion
Traffic congestion
Traffic congestion is a condition on road networks that occurs as use increases, and is characterized by slower speeds, longer trip times, and increased vehicular queueing. The most common example is the physical use of roads by vehicles. When traffic demand is great enough that the interaction...
. Modernization in the social, economic, and technological fields of a country is a factor in accelerating industrial deconcentration.
This phenomenon is more apparent in nations that have been industrialized for a longer time. Most countries experiencing industrial deconcentration at the beginning of the 21st century are the states that began industrializing after the end of World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
.
Industrial deconcentration is a conscious goal in a comprehensive decentralization
Decentralization
__FORCETOC__Decentralization or decentralisation is the process of dispersing decision-making governance closer to the people and/or citizens. It includes the dispersal of administration or governance in sectors or areas like engineering, management science, political science, political economy,...
policy: to deconcentrate population without excessive commuting
Commuting
Commuting is regular travel between one's place of residence and place of work or full time study. It sometimes refers to any regular or often repeated traveling between locations when not work related.- History :...
, jobs need to be created outside the cities.