Iguana Entertainment
Encyclopedia
Iguana Entertainment, renamed Acclaim Studios Austin after 1999, was a video game developer
Video game developer
A video game developer is a software developer that creates video games. A developer may specialize in a certain video game console, such as Nintendo's Wii, Microsoft's Xbox 360, Sony's PlayStation 3, or may develop for a variety of systems, including personal computers.Most developers also...

 operating from 1991 to 2004 in Santa Clara, California
Santa Clara, California
Santa Clara , founded in 1777 and incorporated in 1852, is a city in Santa Clara County, in the U.S. state of California. The city is the site of the eighth of 21 California missions, Mission Santa Clara de Asís, and was named after the mission. The Mission and Mission Gardens are located on the...

, Sunnyvale, California
Sunnyvale, California
Sunnyvale is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States. It is one of the major cities that make up the Silicon Valley located in the San Francisco Bay Area...

, and Austin, Texas
Austin, Texas
Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of :Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in...

 in the USA, and Teesside
Teesside
Teesside is the name given to the conurbation in the north east of England made up of the towns of Middlesbrough, Stockton-on-Tees, Redcar, Billingham and surrounding settlements near the River Tees. It was also the name of a local government district between 1968 and 1974—the County Borough of...

, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

. They were best known for developing the Turok
Turok: Dinosaur Hunter
Turok: Dinosaur Hunter is a first-person shooter video game developed by Iguana Entertainment and published by Acclaim for the Nintendo 64 console and personal computer platforms. It was released in 1997 in North America and Europe. Turok is an adaptation of the Acclaim Comics comic book series of...

, NBA Jam
NBA Jam
NBA Jam is a basketball arcade game developed by Midway in 1993. It is the first entry in the NBA Jam series, and was written entirely in assembly language. The main designer and programmer for this game was Mark Turmell...

, NFL Quarterback Club
NFL Quarterback Club
NFL Quarterback Club is a Super Nintendo Entertainment System game series that features quarterbacks from the NFL. Steve Young and Dan Marino are two examples of who players can use during the game...

, and South Park
South Park (video game)
South Park is a first-person shooter video game based on the first few seasons of the popular TV series of the same name. The game is powered by the Turok 2 game engine and was released in 1998 by Acclaim for the PC, Nintendo 64 and PlayStation. A Brazilian version was published by Gradiente for...

video games.

Company history

Iguana Entertainment was first incorporated in Sunnyvale, California
Sunnyvale, California
Sunnyvale is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States. It is one of the major cities that make up the Silicon Valley located in the San Francisco Bay Area...

 on August 14, 1991 by Jeff Spangenberg
Jeff Spangenberg
Jeff Spangenberg is a video game producer and entrepreneur who has founded and presided over video game developers Team Design, Punk Development, Iguana Entertainment, Retro Studios, and Top Heavy Studios.-External links:*...

. Other Iguana Entertainment founders include Mary Beth Campbell (later Mrs. Beth Spangenberg), John Carlsen, James Moon (known to most as J. Moon), and brothers Darrin Stubbington and Matt Stubbington.

"Punk" roots

Prior to incorporating Iguana Entertainment, Mr. Spangenberg had run Punk Development. Based in Sunnyvale, Punk Development was the product development arm of RazorSoft, Inc., an Oklahoma-based video game distributor. All of the Iguana founders named above (with the possible exception of Ms. Campbell) and many early employees of Iguana Entertainment worked for Punk Development.

Punk Development was originally called Team Design until a conflict arose with another local firm having the same name. According to rumor, the other Team Design had complained of young "punks" hijacking its name.

Origins of the "Killer" Iguana brand

President Jeff Spangenberg kept his pet iguanas, Killer (the oldest), Spike and Squirt (the baby) in a large tank in the lobbies of the Punk and Iguana offices. When RazorSoft closed the Punk Development office, the Iguana name was selected, and Matt Stubbington painted on canvas the original company logotype, which included a portrait of the original Killer.

Clients

Iguana Entertainment's major clients included Acclaim Entertainment
Acclaim Entertainment
Acclaim Entertainment was an American video game developer and publisher. It developed, published, marketed and distributed interactive entertainment software for a variety of hardware platforms, including Sega's Mega Drive/Genesis, Saturn, Dreamcast, and Game Gear, Nintendo's NES, SNES, Nintendo...

 and SunSoft.

Move to Texas

In September 1993, Iguana Entertainment moved to Austin, Texas
Austin, Texas
Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of :Texas and the seat of Travis County. Located in Central Texas on the eastern edge of the American Southwest, it is the fourth-largest city in Texas and the 14th most populous city in the United States. It was the third-fastest-growing large city in...

, becoming Austin's second-largest developer of computer games, smaller only than Origin Systems
Origin Systems
Origin Systems, Inc. was a computer game developer based in Austin, Texas that was active from 1983 to 2004...

, which was already part of Electronic Arts
Electronic Arts
Electronic Arts, Inc. is a major American developer, marketer, publisher and distributor of video games. Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers...

. Iguana Entertainment became a Texas corporation on December 10, 1993.

The original pet iguanas could not be easily moved between states and were given away. Once in Texas, a new tank and iguanas were added to the lobby. Cyrus Lum created an updated company logotype (featuring a portrait of the new iguana named Killer) and animation that appears in many Iguana games.

Mergers

Also in 1993, the company acquired Optimus Software Ltd of Teesside
Teesside
Teesside is the name given to the conurbation in the north east of England made up of the towns of Middlesbrough, Stockton-on-Tees, Redcar, Billingham and surrounding settlements near the River Tees. It was also the name of a local government district between 1968 and 1974—the County Borough of...

, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...

 which became Iguana UK. Iguana UK proved a valuable resource, both for "porting" arcade games including NBA Jam
NBA Jam
NBA Jam is a basketball arcade game developed by Midway in 1993. It is the first entry in the NBA Jam series, and was written entirely in assembly language. The main designer and programmer for this game was Mark Turmell...

 to home video game consoles and for recruiting and preparing employees for transfer to the US office.

In 1995, owners Jeff and Beth Spangenberg sold Iguana Entertainment to its largest customer, Acclaim Entertainment
Acclaim Entertainment
Acclaim Entertainment was an American video game developer and publisher. It developed, published, marketed and distributed interactive entertainment software for a variety of hardware platforms, including Sega's Mega Drive/Genesis, Saturn, Dreamcast, and Game Gear, Nintendo's NES, SNES, Nintendo...

 for $25MM ($13MM cash, the balance in Acclaim Entertainment stock) and the stipulation that Iguana Entertainment would retain its own independence; in the following years, the two Iguana studios became Acclaim Studios Austin and Acclaim Studios Teesside
Acclaim Studios Teesside
Acclaim Studios Teesside was a British video game developer based in Teesside, England. The company was founded in 1988 by brothers Darren and Jason Falcus as Optimus Software. Optimus was acquired by American developer Iguana Entertainment in 1993 and was renamed Iguana UK...

 (AST).

Financial trouble

During its 1995 spending spree, Acclaim Entertainment also purchased Sculptured Software
Sculptured Software
Sculptured Software Inc. was a late twentieth century video game developer in the Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan area. They specialized in porting games to different platforms, especially from arcade games to home console games.-History:...

 in Salt Lake City, Utah (until then, the largest independent video game developer in North America) and Lazer-Tron (a maker of coin-operated redemption games), and formed Acclaim Coin-Operated Entertainment despite the well-documented (even at the time) shrinking of the coin-operated game industry. By suddenly overextending itself financially in 1995, Acclaim Entertainment's stock value quickly dropped about 90%, which alienated its merger partners and signaling to many the beginning of the end.

Rolling studio heads

Following the Iguana-Acclaim merger, Jeff and Beth Spangenberg left the company, starting a procession of new studio heads at Acclaim Studios Austin.

Spin-off companies

Also following the Iguana-Acclaim merger, several Iguana Entertainment employees founded their own Austin-area companies:
  • President Jeff Spangenberg
    Jeff Spangenberg
    Jeff Spangenberg is a video game producer and entrepreneur who has founded and presided over video game developers Team Design, Punk Development, Iguana Entertainment, Retro Studios, and Top Heavy Studios.-External links:*...

     founded Retro Studios
    Retro Studios
    Retro Studios is an American video game developer based in Austin, Texas. The company was founded in October 1998 by the video game veteran Jeff Spangenberg after leaving Acclaim Entertainment, as an independent studio making games exclusively for Nintendo Company, Ltd.On May 2, 2002, Nintendo...

     (now part of Nintendo
    Nintendo
    is a multinational corporation located in Kyoto, Japan. Founded on September 23, 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi, it produced handmade hanafuda cards. By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as a cab company and a love hotel....

    ) in 1998.
  • Directors Russell Byrd, Cyrus Lum and Craig Galley formed Inevitable Entertainment, which became part of Midway Games
    Midway Games
    Midway Games, Inc. is an American company that was formerly a major video game publisher. Following a bankruptcy filing in 2009, it is no longer active and is in the process of liquidating all of its assets. Midway's titles included Mortal Kombat, Ms.Pac-Man, Spy Hunter, Tron, Rampage, the...

     but eventually closed.
  • Turok lead programmer Rob Cohen founded Edge of Reality
    Edge of Reality
    Edge of Reality is a video game developer founded in 1998 and based in Austin, Texas that has developed video games for the Nintendo 64, Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2 and Xbox games consoles. It also has games in development for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 games consoles. Edge of Reality is an...

    .
  • Animator Mike Daubert founded The Animation Farm.
  • Art director Matt Stubbington founded Big Sesh Studios and co-founded the Gemini School of Visual Arts and Communication in 2003.
  • Tools engineer John Carlsen founded Syncopated Systems in 2004.
  • Software engineer John Nagle founded Nagle Research, Inc. in June 2003. In 2007, fellow Iguana programmer Andy Thyssen became a full partner in the business.

Closure of Iguana UK

In 2000, Jason and Darren Falcus left to form Atomic Planet Entertainment Ltd., Acclaim Entertainment made a sharp cut in the number of employees at Acclaim Studios Teesside
Acclaim Studios Teesside
Acclaim Studios Teesside was a British video game developer based in Teesside, England. The company was founded in 1988 by brothers Darren and Jason Falcus as Optimus Software. Optimus was acquired by American developer Iguana Entertainment in 1993 and was renamed Iguana UK...

, which was finally closed in 2002, with many staff being relocated to Acclaim Studios Cheltenham.

Bankruptcy and liquidation

When parent company Acclaim Entertainment went bankrupt in September 2004, most employees of Acclaim Studios Austin found out when they showed up for work but the building's manager had locked them out of their offices. Acclaim Studios Austin was closed and subsequently liquidated.

Systems targeted

Iguana Entertainment developed games for:
  • Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

     (SNES) and Nintendo 64
    Nintendo 64
    The , often referred to as N64, was Nintendo′s third home video game console for the international market. Named for its 64-bit CPU, it was released in June 1996 in Japan, September 1996 in North America, March 1997 in Europe and Australia, September 1997 in France and December 1997 in Brazil...

     (N64)
  • Sega Mega Drive/Genesis, Sega Saturn
    Sega Saturn
    The is a 32-bit fifth-generation video game console that was first released by Sega on November 22, 1994 in Japan, May 11, 1995 in North America, and July 8, 1995 in Europe...

    , Sega Titan (ST-V)
  • PlayStation
    PlayStation
    The is a 32-bit fifth-generation video game console first released by Sony Computer Entertainment in Japan on December 3, .The PlayStation was the first of the PlayStation series of consoles and handheld game devices. The PlayStation 2 was the console's successor in 2000...

     (PS1)


In addition, Iguana Entertainment created its own proprietary software and hardware tools for:
  • Atari Jaguar
    Atari Jaguar
    The Atari Jaguar is a video game console that was released by Atari Corporation in 1993. It was the last to be marketed under the Atari brand until the release of the Atari Flashback in 2004. It was designed to surpass the Mega Drive/Genesis, Super Nintendo Entertainment System, and the Panasonic...

  • Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

     (SNES)
  • Sega Mega Drive/Genesis, Sega Saturn
    Sega Saturn
    The is a 32-bit fifth-generation video game console that was first released by Sega on November 22, 1994 in Japan, May 11, 1995 in North America, and July 8, 1995 in Europe...

    , Sega Titan
  • PlayStation
    PlayStation
    The is a 32-bit fifth-generation video game console first released by Sony Computer Entertainment in Japan on December 3, .The PlayStation was the first of the PlayStation series of consoles and handheld game devices. The PlayStation 2 was the console's successor in 2000...


Games developed

During its 13-year history, Iguana Entertainment developed many games under both the Iguana Entertainment name (for both US and UK studios) and the Acclaim Studios Austin name.

As Iguana Entertainment

  • Aero the Acro-Bat
    Aero the Acro-Bat
    Aero the Acro-Bat is a Super Nintendo and Mega Drive/Genesis game created by David Siller , developed by the now defunct Iguana Entertainment, and published by Sunsoft on October 1993.-Plot:...

    (SunSoft 1993: Super NES
    Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

    , Sega Mega Drive/Genesis; 2002: GBA
    Game Boy Advance
    The is a 32-bit handheld video game console developed, manufactured, and marketed by Nintendo. It is the successor to the Game Boy Color. It was released in Japan on March 21, 2001; in North America on June 11, 2001; in Australia and Europe on June 22, 2001; and in the People's Republic of China...

    )
  • Zero the Kamikaze Squirrel
    Zero the Kamikaze Squirrel
    Zero the Kamikaze Squirrel is a game for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Sega Mega Drive. It is a spin-off of the Aero the Acro-Bat series....

    (SunSoft and Acclaim 1994: Super NES
    Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

    , Sega Mega Drive/Genesis)
  • Aero the Acro-Bat 2
    Aero the Acro-Bat 2
    Aero the Acro-Bat 2 is a video game released by Sunsoft in April 1994. It is the sequel to Aero the Acro-Bat and dedicated to famed Brazilian racer Ayrton Senna who died in a car crash during a Grand Prix....

    (SunSoft 1994: Super NES
    Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

    , Sega Mega Drive/Genesis)
  • Batman Forever: The Arcade Game
    Batman Forever: The Arcade Game
    Batman Forever: The Arcade Game is based on the movie of the same name. One or two players, playing as Batman and Robin, fight Two-Face, the Riddler, and numerous henchmen.-Gameplay:...

    (Acclaim 1996: Sega Titan (arcade), Sega Saturn
    Sega Saturn
    The is a 32-bit fifth-generation video game console that was first released by Sega on November 22, 1994 in Japan, May 11, 1995 in North America, and July 8, 1995 in Europe...

    )
  • Iggy's Reckin' Balls
    Iggy's Reckin' Balls
    Iggy's Reckin' Balls is a video game that was developed exclusively for the Nintendo 64 console by Iguana Entertainment and published by Acclaim Entertainment in August 1998. It involves a set of ball characters with faces and unique personalities that race around a series of vertical obstacle...

    (Acclaim: Nintendo 64
    Nintendo 64
    The , often referred to as N64, was Nintendo′s third home video game console for the international market. Named for its 64-bit CPU, it was released in June 1996 in Japan, September 1996 in North America, March 1997 in Europe and Australia, September 1997 in France and December 1997 in Brazil...

    )
  • Machines
    Machines (video game)
    Machines is a 3D real-time strategy game released for Microsoft Windows. Published by Acclaim and developed by Charybdis, Machines was one of the first 3D games of this genre...

  • NFL Quarterback Club '96 (Acclaim 1995: Super NES
    Super Nintendo Entertainment System
    The Super Nintendo Entertainment System is a 16-bit video game console that was released by Nintendo in North America, Europe, Australasia , and South America between 1990 and 1993. In Japan and Southeast Asia, the system is called the , or SFC for short...

    , Sega Mega Drive/Genesis)
  • NFL Quarterback Club '97 (Acclaim 1996)
  • Turok: Dinosaur Hunter
    Turok: Dinosaur Hunter
    Turok: Dinosaur Hunter is a first-person shooter video game developed by Iguana Entertainment and published by Acclaim for the Nintendo 64 console and personal computer platforms. It was released in 1997 in North America and Europe. Turok is an adaptation of the Acclaim Comics comic book series of...

    (Acclaim 1997: Nintendo 64
    Nintendo 64
    The , often referred to as N64, was Nintendo′s third home video game console for the international market. Named for its 64-bit CPU, it was released in June 1996 in Japan, September 1996 in North America, March 1997 in Europe and Australia, September 1997 in France and December 1997 in Brazil...

    )
  • NFL Quarterback Club '98
    NFL Quarterback Club '98
    NFL Quarterback Club '98 is a football video game, released in November 1997. It was developed by Iguana Entertainment and published by Acclaim for the Nintendo 64.- Features :NFL Quarterback Club '98 contained numerous features:...

    (Acclaim 1997)
  • NFL Quarterback Club '99
    NFL Quarterback Club '99
    NFL Quarterback Club '99 released in November 1998, for Nintendo 64, is one of the first sports games to work with the Expansion Pak. The game featured all the NFL teams, replay past Super Bowls and history on the past Super Bowls. NFL Quarterback Club '99 delivers all 31 teams and 3D rendered...

    (Acclaim 1998)
  • Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
    Turok 2: Seeds of Evil
    Turok 2: Seeds of Evil is a first-person shooter video game originally released for the Nintendo 64 in late 1998. A port was released for Windows OS shortly afterwards, in 1999. It is the sequel to the successful Turok: Dinosaur Hunter and was followed by the 2000 entry in the series, Turok 3:...

    (Acclaim 1998)
  • WWF War Zone
    WWF War Zone
    WWF War Zone is a 1998 professional wrestling video game featuring wrestlers from the World Wrestling Federation, developed by Acclaim Studios Salt Lake and released by Acclaim Entertainment in 1998 for the PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and Game Boy...

    (Acclaim 1998)
  • Re-Volt
    Re-Volt
    Re-Volt is a radio control car racing themed video game released by Acclaim Entertainment in 1999. It made appearances on the PlayStation, PC, Nintendo 64 and Dreamcast, with a spinoff: RC Revenge for PlayStation and a enhanced port called RC Revenge Pro for PlayStation 2...

    (Acclaim, 1999)
  • South Park
    South Park (video game)
    South Park is a first-person shooter video game based on the first few seasons of the popular TV series of the same name. The game is powered by the Turok 2 game engine and was released in 1998 by Acclaim for the PC, Nintendo 64 and PlayStation. A Brazilian version was published by Gradiente for...

  • WWF Attitude
    WWF Attitude
    WWF Attitude is a professional wrestling video game based on the World Wrestling Federation released by Acclaim Entertainment in July 1999 for the PlayStation and Nintendo 64. A slightly enhanced port of the game was later released for the Dreamcast, as well as a handheld version for the Game Boy...


As Acclaim Studios Austin

  • 100 Bullets
    100 Bullets
    100 Bullets is an Eisner and Harvey Award-winning comic book written by Brian Azzarello and illustrated by Eduardo Risso. It was published in the USA by DC Comics under its Vertigo imprint and initially ran for one hundred issues...

    (cancelled)
  • All-Star Baseball
    All-Star Baseball
    All-Star Baseball is a baseball video game series developed and published by Acclaim Entertainment. The series began in 1998 with the release of All-Star Baseball '99. The announcers John Sterling and Michael Kay have been added during the ballgame from 1998-2000 for N64...

  • NFL QB Club 2002
  • The Red Star
    The Red Star
    The Red Star is a comic book series by Christian Gossett set in a sci-fi/fantasy world described by Gossett as "Mythic [Soviet] Russia". The "Lands of The Red Star" were inspired by both Russian folklore and military history...

  • Showdown: Legends of Wrestling
    Showdown: Legends of Wrestling
    Showdown: Legends of Wrestling is the third part of the Legends of Wrestling video game series developed by Acclaim Entertainment for the Xbox and PlayStation 2...

  • Turok: Evolution
    Turok: Evolution
    Turok: EvoIution is a first-person shooter video game developed and published by Acclaim Entertainment, released for the Nintendo GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox, and Game Boy Advance in 2002. A port for Microsoft Windows was released in 2003 for the European market...

  • Turok: Rage Wars
    Turok: Rage Wars
    Turok: Rage Wars is a first-person shooter video game for the Nintendo 64 and Game Boy Color consoles, that was released at a similar time to other major multiplayer-focused first-person titles...

  • Turok 3: Shadows of Oblivion
  • Vexx
    Vexx
    Vexx is a video game developed by Acclaim for the PlayStation 2, Xbox and GameCube consoles released in 2003 while the Gameboy Advance version was cancelled. The game is a 3D platformer game, starring a character of the same name. The objective consists of collecting magical hearts and unlocking...


See also

  • Acclaim Entertainment
    Acclaim Entertainment
    Acclaim Entertainment was an American video game developer and publisher. It developed, published, marketed and distributed interactive entertainment software for a variety of hardware platforms, including Sega's Mega Drive/Genesis, Saturn, Dreamcast, and Game Gear, Nintendo's NES, SNES, Nintendo...

  • Electronic Arts
    Electronic Arts
    Electronic Arts, Inc. is a major American developer, marketer, publisher and distributor of video games. Founded and incorporated on May 28, 1982 by Trip Hawkins, the company was a pioneer of the early home computer games industry and was notable for promoting the designers and programmers...

  • Optimus Software Ltd/Iguana UK/Acclaim Studios Teesside
    Acclaim Studios Teesside
    Acclaim Studios Teesside was a British video game developer based in Teesside, England. The company was founded in 1988 by brothers Darren and Jason Falcus as Optimus Software. Optimus was acquired by American developer Iguana Entertainment in 1993 and was renamed Iguana UK...

  • Retro Studios
    Retro Studios
    Retro Studios is an American video game developer based in Austin, Texas. The company was founded in October 1998 by the video game veteran Jeff Spangenberg after leaving Acclaim Entertainment, as an independent studio making games exclusively for Nintendo Company, Ltd.On May 2, 2002, Nintendo...

  • SunSoft
  • Turok
    Turok
    Turok is a fictional American comic book character initially in comics from Western Publishing published through licensee Dell Comics. He first appeared in Four Color Comics #596 , then graduated to his own title, Turok, Son of Stone...


External links


Spin-offs

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